ObjectiveTo explore the feasibility of constructing a programmed death receptor-1（PD-1） molecular probe for non-invasive micro-positron emission tomography/computed tomography （Micro-PET/CT） imaging of PD-1 protein in mouse S180 sarcoma. MethodsA transgenic PD-1 C57 S180 sarcoma mouse model was established using the S180 sarcoma cell injection. Furthermore， ¹²⁴I-anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody probe was synthesized. 18.5 MBq of the ¹²⁴I-anti-PD-1 probe was injected into the tail vein of transgenic PD-1 C57 mice. Subsequently， S180 sarcoma was imaged using Micro-PET/CT. ResultsStudy successfully established a transgenic PD-1 C57 S180 sarcoma mouse model. Immunohistochemical （IHC） results showed PD-1 protein expression in S180 sarcoma. Micro-PET/CT imaging successfully visualized the PD-1 protein receptor in S180 sarcoma at different time points （20， 48， 72， and 120 h） after probe injection. ConclusionThe ¹²⁴I-anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody molecular probe successfully targets the PD-1 receptor in S180 sarcoma of transgenic PD-1 C57 mice， and presents clear Micro-PET/CT immunoassay results， thus it potentially enables the non-invasive screening of patients with PD-1 positive malignant tumors.

Objective: To assess parental expectations for the development of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and identify factors associated with these expectations, so as to provide references for improving rehabilitation outcomes and long term development in children with ASD. Methods: From June 2024 to January 2026, a total of 877 children with ASD and their parents were recruited from 27 rehabilitation institutions in Hefei. The children had been diagnosed by chief physicians at tertiary level hospitals. Demographic characteristics and data on parental expectations were collected by the Parental Expectations Questionnaire. Differences in parental expectations between groups were assessed using the Mann-Whitney U- test and Kruskal-Wallis H-test, and associated factors were examined using quantile regression. Results: The mean item score for overall parental expectations among parents of children with ASD was (4.55±0.47), and scores for all dimensions were higher than those among parents of typically developing children ( t =11.11-31.14, all P <0.01). Child age, school enrollment, and maternal personality were associated with daily living expectation scores, learning and special talents and strengths expectation scores, and special talents and strengths expectation scores, respectively ( H =6.16-8.18, all P <0.05). Parents of preterm children had higher expectations for social interaction, physical and mental well being, and daily living than parents of non-preterm children ( Z =-2.56, -2.48, -2.39, all P <0.05). Multivariate quantile regression analysis showed that children’s age was associated with the expected level of self care ability; school enrollment status was associated with the expected level of learning and specialty strengths; maternal personality was associated with the expected levels of social competence, physical and mental health, self care ability, and specialty strengths; parental age was associated with the expected levels of physical and mental health and specialty strengths; and parental educational attainment was associated with the expected level of self care ability ( β =-0.36-0.41, all P <0.05). Conclusion Parents of children with ASD in Hefei generally have high expectations for their children s development across the domains of learning, daily living, social interaction, and physical and mental well being.

Objective:To explore the effect of preoperative intensive functional training on the balance and functional recovery of patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA) receiving total knee arthroplasty (TKA).Methods:Sixty KOA patients were randomly divided into an outpatient group, a home-based group and a control group, each of 20. Before their TKAs, both the outpatient and home-based groups underwent intensive functional training for 4 weeks, while the control group did nothing special. After the TKA, all received 4 weeks of standardized postoperative rehabilitation training. Before any training, after the 4 weeks of preoperative training and 4 weeks after the TKAs, all of the subjects performed the timed up and go test (TUGT), and their joint range of motion (ROM) was recorded. They also completed the 30-second chair stand strength test (30sCST), and the 6-minute walk exercise endurance test (6MWT). KOA osteoarthritis indices (WOMACs) were also recorded.Results:After the 4 weeks of preoperative training, significant differences were observed in the trajectory length, elliptical area and TUGT times of both the outpatient and home-based groups. Four weeks after the TKAs, significant differences were observed in all of the measurements in all three groups, but the results of the outpatient and home-based groups were significantly better than those of the control group, on average. After the 4 weeks of postoperative training, there were significant differences between the outpatient and home-based groups in terms of the average knee flexion angle, knee extension angle, 30sCST and 6MWT results. There were significant differences among the 3 groups in all of the measurements 4 weeks after the TKAs, with those of the two training groups showing significantly better results than the control group. The pain scores, stiffness scores, function scores and total WOMAC scores had improved significantly compared with the control group, but the average function and total WOMAC scores of the outpatient group (24.25±2.38) and (35.41±3.02) were then significantly superior to the home-based group′s averages.Conclusions:Intensive preoperative functional training conducted in an outpatient clinic or at home can significantly improve the balance, lower limb strength, exercise endurance and symptoms of KOA patients after TKA.

Objective:To investigate the effect of progressive resistance training on inflammatory markers, motor function and quality of life in the elderly after total knee arthroplasty (TKA).Methods:This study was a randomized controlled trial. A total of 46 elderly patients aged≥60 years who underwent total knee arthroplasty in the Affiliated Hospital 6 of Nantong University from January 2023 to June 2024 were selected and divided into experimental group and control group by computer random number method (23 cases in each group). The control group received routine rehabilitation management intervention, progressive resistance training was added to the experimental group on the basis of the control group, and all patients were intervened for 4 weeks. Interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), 30-Second Chair Stand Test (30sCST), Knee Society Score (KSS), and World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale-Brief Form Questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF) scores were measured at 1 day before operation, 2 weeks and 4 weeks after operation, and were compared respectively.Results:At 2 and 4 weeks after operation, the levels of IL-6 [(22.44±2.17) and (9.91±1.41) pg/ml], CRP[(19.61±2.20) and (3.17±0.40) mg/L] and ESR[(44.85±3.78) and (28.28±3.31) mm/1 h] in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in control group [IL-6: (24.65±1.77) and (11.35±1.67) pg/ml, CRP: (23.24±2.69) and (4.15±0.45) mg/L and ESR: (48.54±3.66) and (34.60±2.98) mm/1 h](all P<0.05). At 2 and 4 weeks after operation, the 30sCST[(9.87±0.92) and (11.83±1.03) times], clinical scores of KSS[(48.44±3.13) and (71.09±3.30) points], functional scores of KSS[(40.44±3.96) and (69.35±4.07) points] in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in control group [30sCST: (9.30±0.70) and (10.52±0.79) times, clinical scores of KSS: (46.17±2.86) and (67.00±2.89) points, functional scores of KSS: (38.91±3.68) and (66.30±5.05) points](all P<0.05). At 2 weeks after operation, the scores of physical health, mental health and social relations in the WHOQOL-BREF of the experimental group [(16.96±1.02), (17.96±1.46) and (6.74±0.62) points], which were significantly higher than those in the control group [(16.09±1.08), (17.14±1.12), (6.44±0.51) points](all P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the environmental condition score between the two groups. At 4 weeks after operation, the scores of physical health, mental health, social relations and environmental conditions in WHOQOL-BREF of the experimental group [(22.09±1.81), (22.17±2.19), (12.09±1.28) and (33.91±2.26) points] were significantly higher than those in the control group [(19.65±1.80), (20.39±1.95), (10.17±1.30), (31.96±2.51) points] (all P<0.05). Conclusion:Progressive resistance training can effectively reduce the inflammatory response in the elderly after total knee arthroplasty, enhance lower limb muscle strength and knee joint function, and improve the quality of life.

AIM:This study aims to investigate of perodic expression,distribution and interaction between es-trogen receptor α(ERα)and ClC-3 chloride channel,and their relevance to the cell cycle specificity of tamoxifen(TAM)in anti-breast cancer treatment.METHODS:We utilized a web database to analyze the correlation between ERα and ClC-3 expression.Three-dimentional molecular simulation software and co-immunoprecipitation were employed to detect and analyze the interactions between these two proteins.To assess cell cycle dynamics,we performed thymidine(TdR)double-blocking release assay and used nocodazole to block the cell cycle,with subsequent analysis via flow cytometry.Cell viability was measured by MTT assay.Western blot was conducted to evaluate the protein expression levels of ERα and ClC-3,while immunofluorescence staining was utilized to assess their subcellular distribution.RESULTS:(1)Anal-ysis from the web database revealed a significant correlation between ERα and ClC-3 expression,and co-immunoprecipita-tion confirmed their interaction.(2)We successfully obtained human breast cancer T47D cells at different cycle stages us-ing the TdR double-blocking release method and nocodazole treatment.(3)Treatment with TAM primarily inhibited T47D cell viability during G2/M phase.(4)Both ERα and ClC-3 exhibited cyclic variations in protein expression,with their sub-cellular distributions showing periodicity and co-localization.(5)Protein interactions between ERα and ClC-3 were ob-served across all cell cycle phases;(6)After TAM treatment,ERα expression peaked in G2/M phase,while ClC-3 expres-sion remained unaffected.CONCLUSION:Our findings demonstrate cyclic differences in the expression and distribution of ERα and ClC-3 in human breast cancer T47D cells,along with confirmed interactions between these two proteins.The cyclic properties of ERα may play a role in mediating the cell cycle specificity of TAM's anti-breast cancer effect.

Objective:To explore the influencing factors of the subjective well-being of elderly individuals and improve the accuracy of well-being predictions.Methods:A multi-stage stratified sampling method was conducted in Guangdong province and Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region from August 2019 to October 2020. The health status and subjective well-being of older adults were assessed using a self-administered multidimensional health questionnaire, while overall well-being was evaluated with a single-item 5-point scale. The statistical analysis was performed using R software (version 4.3.2), with analytical methods including χ2 tests, univariate analysis, quantile regression and random forest model. Results:A total of 2 620 participants were recruited, and 70.9% of whom reported feeling happy.The depression symptom score of the elderly was 3.00(1.00, 6.00), emotional status score was (28.26±4.14), activities of daily living (ADL) score was 69.00(52.00, 81.00), and the body mass index(BMI) was (22.68±3.81)kg/m 2.The quantile regression results indicated that marital status (married)(Q 10: β=0.049; Q 50: β=0.014; Q 90: β=0.005) and depressive symptoms (no depression, depressive tendency)(Q 10: β=1.000; Q 50: β=1.000; Q 90: β=0.025) had varying effects on older adults' subjective well-being across three quantiles (Q 10, Q 50, Q 90)(all P<0.05). In contrast, social activity (no social activity)(Q 10: β=-0.072; Q 50: β=-0.011; Q 90: β=-0.006), ADL (severe disability, moderate disability, mild disability)(Q 10: β=-0.103, Q 50: β=-0.006, Q 90: β=-0.048; Q 10: β=-0.063, Q 50: β=-0.012, Q 90: β=-0.005; Q 10: β=-0.078, Q 50: β=-0.016, Q 90: β=-0.009), and emotional status (poor emotion, fair emotion)(Q 10: β=-0.261, Q 50: β=-0.009, Q 90: β=-0.025; Q 10: β=-0.140, Q 50: β=-0.017, Q 90: β=-0.029) had a negative impact on elderly subjective well-being at the three quantile points(all P<0.05). Random forest results indicated that depressive symptoms, ADL, emotional status, household monthly income per capita, BMI, social activity, multimorbidity status, and marital status were the most important determinants of subjective well-being. Conclusion:Depressive symptoms and emotional status have a significant impact on the subjective well-being of older adults. Additionally, ADL, household income per capita, BMI, and social engagement also play important roles in influencing well-being, while the emotional support provided by marriage should not be overlooked.

Objective To develop and translate the Chinese listening self-efficacy questionnaire(C-LSEQ)and to test its reliability and validity.Methods A total of 172 subjects aged≥60 years with age-related hearing loss completed the C-LSEQ questionnaire via direct interviews.Pure tone hearing threshold test,Mandarin hearing in noise test,and the hearing handicap inventory for elderly-screening(HHIE-S)were evaluated.Twenty subjects were randomly selected from the original group to complete the C-LSEQ questionnaire in 2 weeks after the initial evaluation.Results ① Reliability:The Cronbach's a coefficients of the three sub-dimensions and the overall ques-tionnaire were all＞0.8,and the test-retest reliability coefficients of the three sub-dimensions and the overall ques-tionnaire were all＞0.9(P＜0.001).② Validity:The experts collectively evaluated the representativeness of the statements with good content validity.The convergent validity test showed that the composite reliability(CR)of the 2 sub-dimensions and the overall questionnaire were all＞0.7,and the average variance extracted(AVE)were all＞0.5.The CR value of the complex listening dimension was 0.655,and the AVE value was 0.937.The criterion validity test showed that the overall questionnaire and the three sub-dimensions of the C-LSEQ were significantly correlated with the pure-tone average,speech recognition thresholds in noise,and HHIE-S(P＜0.001).Conclusion The C-LSEQ exhibits stable structure,with good reliability and validity.It can be used to assess listen-ing self-efficacy in adults with hearing loss,especially in the elderly with age-related hearing loss.

OBJECTIVE:The quality of systematic reviews/meta-analyses directly affects the reliability of clinical decision-making basis.Currently,there is no literature quality research on the systematic reviews/meta-analyses of platelet rich plasma versus hyaluronic acid in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis both domestically and internationally.This article will comprehensively evaluate the methodological quality,reporting quality,and evidence quality of the systematic reviews/meta-analyses of platelet rich plasma versus hyaluronic acid in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis.METHODS:Computer searches were conducted on CNKI,WanFang Data,VIP,CBM,PubMed,Embase,and The Cochrane Library.From the establishment of the database until January 24,2024,all systematic reviews/meta-analyses treated with platelet rich plasma versus hyaluronic acid for knee osteoarthritis were collected.Two evaluators independently conducted literature screening and data extraction,and used the AMSTAR 2,PRISMA 2020,and GRADE systems to evaluate and summarize the methodological,reporting,and evidence quality of the included systematic reviews/meta-analyses.RESULTS:A total of 18 qualified systematic reviews/meta-analyses were included,and the results showed that the efficacy and safety of platelet rich plasma might be better than that of hyaluronic acid.The methodological quality of all 18 studies was extremely low;4 reports had poor quality and relatively serious information defects,while 14 reports had moderate quality and some information defects.Among the 275 outcome measures of 16 systematic reviews/meta-analyses,there were 9 medium quality evidence,90 low-quality evidence,and 176 extremely low-quality evidence,with no high-quality evidence.CONCLUSION:At present,the quality of systematic reviews/meta-analyses literature on the treatment of knee osteoarthritis with platelet rich plasma versus hyaluronic acid is relatively low.In the future,the authors of the systematic reviews need to strictly follow the entries of quality evaluation tools such as AMSTAR 2 and PRISMA 2020 in terms of plan registration,research type explanation,retrieval strategy,exclusion list,research site and funding source,bias risk analysis,publication bias evaluation,and public information acquisition,and conduct evidence quality evaluation on the combined results of the systematic reviews/meta-analyses to provide more reliable and rigorous evidence-based basis for clinical practice.

Objective:To summarize and analyze the clinical characteristics, drug resistance and treatment of 36 neonates with Enterobacter sepsis in the Children′s Hospital of Soochow University in the past 3 years, so as to provide reference for clinical treatment.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on neonates hospitalized in the Department of Neonatology of the Children′s Hospital of Soochow University from January 2021 to March 2024 who were diagnosed with Enterobacter sepsis. The birth status, clinical manifestations, blood culture drug sensitivity, treatment status and disease outcome of the neonates were analyzed.Results:A total of 36 neonates with Enterobacter sepsis were collected. Premature infants accounted for 38.9%(14/36), and late-onset cases accounted for 66.7%(24/36). The incidence of complications was high. The main complications were central nervous system infection (15/36, 41.7%), urinary system infection (13/36, 36.1%) and neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (7/36, 19.4%). The main pathogenic bacteria were Escherichia coli (19 cases) and Klebsiella (11 cases). Among the 19 escherichia coli strains, 7 were extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing strains and 1 was carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae (CRE) strain. Among the 11 Klebsiella strains, 9 were ESBL-producing strains and 6 were CRE strains. The 6 neonates with CRE sepsis were treated with sensitive antibiotics such as meropenem, amikacin and ceftazidime-avibactam, and achieved good therapeutic effects.Conclusions:Escherichia coli and Klebsiella are the main pathogens of Enterobacter sepsis in neonates, especially premature infants, with high incidence of complications and high drug resistance rate.

Proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs) have shown considerable therapeutic potential across diverse fields such as cancer, inflammation, and neurodegenerative diseases, with numerous candidates already progressing into clinical trials. More recently, their application in antiviral therapy has been rapidly gaining momentum. This review systematically outlines the mechanistic foundations and design principles of PROTACs, highlights recent advances targeting coronaviruses (including SARS-CoV-2), hepatitis C virus, human immunodeficiency virus, and influenza viruses, and critically assesses key challenges—particularly the limited diversity of E3 ligase ligands, suboptimal oral bioavailability, and the lack of integrated platforms for druggability evaluation. Looking ahead, innovations in ligand discovery, pathway modulation, delivery technologies, and conditionally activated PROTAC designs are anticipated to overcome these barriers, ushering in a new era of precise and effective antiviral therapeutics.