This study was aimed at investigating the effectiveness of various host nucleic acid removal and non-specific amplifica-tion techniques in animal tissue samples,to increase the accuracy of pathogen identification in tissue samples.Simulated samples were prepared with a mixture of mouse lung tissue homogenates and Klebsiella pneumoniae fluids,and processed with six host nucleic acid removal kits and three non-specific amplification techniques.The effectiveness of each method in removing host DNA and enriching nucleic acids of pathogenic microorganisms was evaluated through real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR and high-throughput se-quencing.For host nucleic acid removal techniques,the method of selective cleavage and quantitative degradation of host DNA(Com-plete5 kit)effectively decreased the host nucleic acid content in tissue samples and increased the relative abundance of pathogen nucleic acids.In contrast,the magnetic bead method for host DNA removal(Next microbiome DNA enrichment Kit kit)was less effec-tive.At lower pathogen concentrations(77 CFU/mL),the Vazyme kit was more effective than the other kits in removing host nucleic acids.Non-specific amplification techniques(MALBAC whole genome amplification,MDA isothermal amplification,and random primer amplification)were not applicable to tissue samples and were not effective in increasing the relative abundance of pathogen nucleic acids.Selective lysis and quantitative degradation of host DNA were suitable for processing tissue samples with high host back-ground and low pathogenic microorganism levels,whereas non-specific amplification methods were not applicable to tissue samples for pre-processing of macro-genome high-throughput sequencing.

This study was aimed at investigating the effectiveness of various host nucleic acid removal and non-specific amplifica-tion techniques in animal tissue samples,to increase the accuracy of pathogen identification in tissue samples.Simulated samples were prepared with a mixture of mouse lung tissue homogenates and Klebsiella pneumoniae fluids,and processed with six host nucleic acid removal kits and three non-specific amplification techniques.The effectiveness of each method in removing host DNA and enriching nucleic acids of pathogenic microorganisms was evaluated through real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR and high-throughput se-quencing.For host nucleic acid removal techniques,the method of selective cleavage and quantitative degradation of host DNA(Com-plete5 kit)effectively decreased the host nucleic acid content in tissue samples and increased the relative abundance of pathogen nucleic acids.In contrast,the magnetic bead method for host DNA removal(Next microbiome DNA enrichment Kit kit)was less effec-tive.At lower pathogen concentrations(77 CFU/mL),the Vazyme kit was more effective than the other kits in removing host nucleic acids.Non-specific amplification techniques(MALBAC whole genome amplification,MDA isothermal amplification,and random primer amplification)were not applicable to tissue samples and were not effective in increasing the relative abundance of pathogen nucleic acids.Selective lysis and quantitative degradation of host DNA were suitable for processing tissue samples with high host back-ground and low pathogenic microorganism levels,whereas non-specific amplification methods were not applicable to tissue samples for pre-processing of macro-genome high-throughput sequencing.

Methamphetamine (MA) has the characteristics of neurotoxicity and strong psychological dependence. At present, there is a lack of effective intervention for MA dependence. Aiming at the brain pathological damage and clinical characteristics of MA dependence, new multi-dimensional evaluation instruments were developed including virtual reality craving evaluation system, cognitive and impulsive damage assessment, and SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats) analysis. Rehabilitation interventions were also investigated and developed including computerized cognitive addiction therapy, precise neuroregulatory intervention aimed at reducing craving, music therapy, and community-based addiction rehabilitation electronic system. On this basis, On this basis, we propose to establish a whole course and accurate intervention model based on repeatedly measurement-based assesments for MA dependence, or WARM model. The WARM model focuses on the difficulties of MA dependence at different stages and is committed to multi-dimensional rehabilitation of MA patients. The WARM model will further be explored with the assistance of artificial intelligence.

Methamphetamine (MA) has the characteristics of neurotoxicity and strong psychological dependence. At present, there is a lack of effective intervention for MA dependence. Aiming at the brain pathological damage and clinical characteristics of MA dependence, new multi-dimensional evaluation instruments were developed including virtual reality craving evaluation system, cognitive and impulsive damage assessment, and SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats) analysis. Rehabilitation interventions were also investigated and developed including computerized cognitive addiction therapy, precise neuroregulatory intervention aimed at reducing craving, music therapy, and community-based addiction rehabilitation electronic system. On this basis, On this basis, we propose to establish a whole course and accurate intervention model based on repeatedly measurement-based assesments for MA dependence, or WARM model. The WARM model focuses on the difficulties of MA dependence at different stages and is committed to multi-dimensional rehabilitation of MA patients. The WARM model will further be explored with the assistance of artificial intelligence.

Objective    To compare the clinical effects of segmentectomy and lobectomy for ≤2 cm lung adenocarcinoma with micropapillary and solid subtype negative by intraoperative frozen sections. Methods    The patients with adenocarcinoma who received segmentectomy or lobectomy in multicenter from June 2020 to March 2021 were included. They were divided into two groups according to a random number table, including a segmentectomy group (n=119, 44 males and 75 females with an average age of 56.6±8.9 years) and a lobectomy group (n=115, 43 males and 72 females with an average of 56.2±9.5 years). The clinical data of the patients were analyzed. Results    There was no significant difference in the baseline data between the two groups (P>0.05). No perioperative death was found. There was no statistical difference in the operation time (111.2±30.0 min vs. 107.3±34.3 min), blood loss (54.2±83.5 mL vs. 40.0±16.4 mL), drainage duration (2.8±0.6 d vs. 2.6±0.6 d), hospital stay time (3.9±2.3 d vs. 3.7±1.1 d) or pathology staging (P>0.05) between the two groups. The postoperative pulmonary function analysis revealed that the mean decreased values of forced vital capacity and forced expiratory volume in one second percent predicted in the segmentectomy group were significantly better than those in the lobectomy group (0.2±0.3 L vs. 0.4±0.3 L, P=0.005; 0.3%±8.1% vs. 2.9%±7.4%, P=0.041). Conclusion    Segmentectomy is effective in protecting lungs function, which is expected to improve life quality of patients.

Objective:To explore the predictive factors of pathological complete response (pCR) after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for middle-low rectal cancer.Methods:A case-control study was conducted. The inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) colonoscopy, digital examination or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a distance from the lower edge of the tumor to the dentate line of no more than 10 cm; (2) complete clinicopathological data were available; (3) preoperative biopsy revealed adenocarcinoma; (4) preoperative pelvic MRI or endorectal ultrasonography was performed; (5) no distant metastasis was found. Exclusion criteria: (1) preoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy were not administrated according to the standard; (2) simultaneous multiple primary cancer and familial adenomatous polyposis were observed. According to the above criteria, clinicopathological data of 245 patients with middle-low rectal cancer undergoing preoperative neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in Changhai Hospital of Navy Medical University from January 2012 to December 2019 were retrospectively collected. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic analysis were used to identify the clinical factors predicting pCR. pCR is defined as complete disappearance of cancer cells under the microscope in cancer specimens (including lymph nodes) after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy.Results:A total of 72 patients with pCR were enrolled in this study. Univariate analysis showed that preoperative T stage, tumor circumference, tumor morphology, carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9, interval between the end of neoadjuvant therapy and operation were associated with pCR (all P<0.05). The above 5 variables were included in multivariate logistic analysis and the results revealed that the T stage (OR=5.743, 95% CI: 2.416-13.648, P<0.001), tumor circumference (OR=7.754, 95% CI: 3.822-15.733, P<0.001), tumor morphology (OR=0.264, 95% CI: 0.089-0.786, P=0.017) and the interval between the end of neoadjuvant therapy and operation (OR=0.303, 95% CI: 0.147-0.625, P=0.001) were independent predictive factors of pCR, while CA 19-9 level was not an independent factor (OR=1.873, 95% CI:0.372-9.436, P=0.447). Conclusion:By knowing the clinical features of preoperative T stage, tumor circumference, tumor morphology and the interval between neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and operation, patients with higher likelyhood of pCR after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy may be identified.

Objective:To explore the predictive factors of pathological complete response (pCR) after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for middle-low rectal cancer.Methods:A case-control study was conducted. The inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) colonoscopy, digital examination or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a distance from the lower edge of the tumor to the dentate line of no more than 10 cm; (2) complete clinicopathological data were available; (3) preoperative biopsy revealed adenocarcinoma; (4) preoperative pelvic MRI or endorectal ultrasonography was performed; (5) no distant metastasis was found. Exclusion criteria: (1) preoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy were not administrated according to the standard; (2) simultaneous multiple primary cancer and familial adenomatous polyposis were observed. According to the above criteria, clinicopathological data of 245 patients with middle-low rectal cancer undergoing preoperative neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in Changhai Hospital of Navy Medical University from January 2012 to December 2019 were retrospectively collected. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic analysis were used to identify the clinical factors predicting pCR. pCR is defined as complete disappearance of cancer cells under the microscope in cancer specimens (including lymph nodes) after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy.Results:A total of 72 patients with pCR were enrolled in this study. Univariate analysis showed that preoperative T stage, tumor circumference, tumor morphology, carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9, interval between the end of neoadjuvant therapy and operation were associated with pCR (all P<0.05). The above 5 variables were included in multivariate logistic analysis and the results revealed that the T stage (OR=5.743, 95% CI: 2.416-13.648, P<0.001), tumor circumference (OR=7.754, 95% CI: 3.822-15.733, P<0.001), tumor morphology (OR=0.264, 95% CI: 0.089-0.786, P=0.017) and the interval between the end of neoadjuvant therapy and operation (OR=0.303, 95% CI: 0.147-0.625, P=0.001) were independent predictive factors of pCR, while CA 19-9 level was not an independent factor (OR=1.873, 95% CI:0.372-9.436, P=0.447). Conclusion:By knowing the clinical features of preoperative T stage, tumor circumference, tumor morphology and the interval between neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and operation, patients with higher likelyhood of pCR after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy may be identified.

Objective To explore the effect of high viscosity combined with compactiontechnique on the treatment of patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCF) by percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP).Medthods The clinical data of 80 patients with OVCF were retrospectively analyzed.Among them,40 patients with OVCF by PKP were treated with high viscosity and compaction technique,and 40 patients with OVCF were treated with traditional PKP.Operation time,the amount of bone cement perfusion,the incidence of bone cement leakage,the incidence of vertebral refracture,the height of vertebral body recovery after operation,the loss of vertebral height after 12 months,vertebral wedge angle before and after operation,VAS pain score,ODI score were compared between two groups.Results There was no significant difference in the height of fracture vertebral body between two groups (P ＞ 0.05),but there were significant differences in postoperative vertebral height increase,the loss of vertebral height after 12 months between two groups (P ＜ 0.05).There were no significant differences in pain relief and functional improvement effect between two groups (P ＞ 0.05),but there were significant differences in bone cement leakage rate and amount of bone cement injection between two groups (P ＜ 0.05).There was significant difference in recovery of postoperative vertebral wedge angle between two groups (P ＜ 0.05),but there were no significant differences in adjacent vertebral fractures,the VAS pain score and ODI spine score between two groups (P ＞0.05).Conclusion Application of high viscosity combined with compaction technique can relieve the painand improve the quality of life in patients with OVCF by PKP.

Objective To explore the effect of high viscosity combined with compactiontechnique on the treatment of patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCF) by percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP).Medthods The clinical data of 80 patients with OVCF were retrospectively analyzed.Among them,40 patients with OVCF by PKP were treated with high viscosity and compaction technique,and 40 patients with OVCF were treated with traditional PKP.Operation time,the amount of bone cement perfusion,the incidence of bone cement leakage,the incidence of vertebral refracture,the height of vertebral body recovery after operation,the loss of vertebral height after 12 months,vertebral wedge angle before and after operation,VAS pain score,ODI score were compared between two groups.Results There was no significant difference in the height of fracture vertebral body between two groups (P ＞ 0.05),but there were significant differences in postoperative vertebral height increase,the loss of vertebral height after 12 months between two groups (P ＜ 0.05).There were no significant differences in pain relief and functional improvement effect between two groups (P ＞ 0.05),but there were significant differences in bone cement leakage rate and amount of bone cement injection between two groups (P ＜ 0.05).There was significant difference in recovery of postoperative vertebral wedge angle between two groups (P ＜ 0.05),but there were no significant differences in adjacent vertebral fractures,the VAS pain score and ODI spine score between two groups (P ＞0.05).Conclusion Application of high viscosity combined with compaction technique can relieve the painand improve the quality of life in patients with OVCF by PKP.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the TVT-Secur procedure for female stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Methods Analyze retrospectively the preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative complications and follow-up data of 27 SUI patients from October 2008 to May 2010. 20 cases were simple SUI, and 7 cases were mixed SUI. The average age was 56.1 ± 10.7 years (range, 35-77), the average parity was 2.8-±- 1.4 (range, 1-6), the average body mass index was 25.6±2.5, and the average course of the disease was 6.8±7.2 yeas (range, 1-30). Two cases had past history of pelvic surgery without any anti-incontinence surgery. Mashall-marchett test was positive in all patients, with an average abdominal leak point pressure (ALPP) of 60.9±27.5 cm H2O (range, 27- 120 cm H2O). The mean International Consultation on Incontinence-Short Form (ICIQ-SF) score was 11.2 ± 1.8 (range, 7- 14) before surgery. Results 27 patients underwent TVT-Secur procedure, of which 19 cases underwent "U" procedure, and 8 cases underwent "H" procedure. The mean operation time was 15.3±1.4min (range, 13- 19 min). There were no intraoperative bladder or urethral injury, and no obturator vessel or nerve damage. The blood loss was 10 to 50 ml, and the maximum urinary flow rate was 25. 4±13. 1 ml (range, 4-50 ml). Three eases had mild dysuria(11. 1%), and 3 cases had wound effusion(11. 1%). Followed up for 12. 6 ±6. 7 months (range, 3-21 months). 10 cases complained of bladder overactivity symptoms such as frequency, urgency, and urge incontinence, and no case had vaginal erosion. Therapeutic efficacy: 15 cases were cured (56%), 8 cases were improved (30%), and 4 cases were ineffective (15%). Conclusions TVT-Secur procedure is a simple, safe and minimally invasive surgery, while the cure rate is low. The long-term efficacy needs great amount of clinical data and long-term follow-up to prove.