Objective To investigate the epidemiology characteristics of crawfish related rhabdomyolysis (RM) in Nanjing, 2016.Methods Outpatient and inpatient electronic medical system of 21 hospitals in Nanjing during 2016 were retrospectively searched, and all the patients diagnosed with RM were selected. The patients with none crayfish-related RM was excluded. The epidemiology characteristics were depicted. The geographic information system (GIS) was used to collect, manage and analyze the spatial data, to visualize it, to analyze the spatial distribution features of the disease, and to explore the cause of disease prediction. GeoDa 1.8 software was used to analyze the global and local spatial auto-correlation.Results A total of 1183 patients with crawfish related RM were initially screened, excluding 59 patients with RM caused by trauma, severe exercise, heat stroke, myositis, poisoning, drugs, and genetic diseases, and 1124 patients were enrolled. The proportion of men was 36.48% (410/1124) with an incidence of 12.54/100 thousands; while of women was 63.52% (714/1124) with an incidence of 21.86/100 thousands. The median age at onset was 34 (28, 43) years. From July to August, the incidence of crawfish related RM was the highest, accounting for 96.53% of the total number of cases. The top four incidence areas were Pukou (41.54/100 thousands), Jianye (25.94/100 thousands), Qixia (25.73/100 thousands), Gulou (25.04/100 thousands), all of which were adjacent to the Yangtze River. Global spatial autocorrelation analysis showed: MoranI = 0.427,Z = 2.646,P = 0.003, suggesting that the crawfish related RM had positive spatial autocorrelation. The results showed that the spatial structure of crawfish related RM existed in Nanjing in 2016. Local spatial autocorrelation analysis showed that the high-high concentration areas were Pukou, Jianye and Liuhe. The incidences of above three areas which were the Nanjing section of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River flowed through the region and surrounding areas were higher than the overall incidence of Nanjing.Conclusion The prevalence of crawfish related RM in Nanjing during 2016 had an obvious region-concentrated character and global spatial autocorrelation with the high prevalent regions mainly concentrated in the urban areas adjacent to the Yangtze River.

BACKGROUNDMaxillary anterior segmental distraction osteogenesis (MASDO) is a recently used method for correction of severe maxillary retrusion in cleft lip and palate (CLP) patients. In this article, we evaluated the feasibility of MASDO using rigid external distraction (RED) and rapid orthodontic tooth movement to correct severe maxillary retrusion in CLP patients.

METHODSFourteen male and five female complete CLP patients between the ages of 18 and 22 years (mean age 19.7 years) at the time of distraction, with severe maxillary retrusion, were treated with the rigid external distraction (RED) device after maxillary anterior osteotomy. Rapid orthodontic tooth movement was started one week after the MASDO. Standard profile photographic, cephalometric films were obtained preoperatively and after therapy. Sella-nasion-point A (SNA) and Sella-nasion-point B (SNB) angles were measured to reflect changes in maxillary and mandibular position, and the distance between anterior nasal spine and posterior nasal spine (ANS-PNS) was measured to represent the maxillary dental arch length.

RESULTSThe SNA angle increased from an average of 74.6° (range 73.0°-78.0°), preoperatively, to 83.4° (range 78.6°-88.0°) after the RED was removed (P < 0.01). All cases of severe maxillary retrusion were improved. Nine patients' profiles became harmonious after therapy. One patient had a bimaxillary protrusion deformity and needed further surgery. The regenerate alveolar crest and edentulous space on both segments was almost completely eliminated after rapid orthodontic tooth movement.

CONCLUSIONMASDO with the RED system and rapid orthodontic tooth movement is a successful way of correcting severe maxillary retrusion in CLP patients.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Cleft Lip ; surgery ; Cleft Palate ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Osteogenesis, Distraction ; methods ; Tooth Movement Techniques ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) pretreatment on the expression of phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (pSTAT3) in cortical neurons in a rat model of focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury.Methods Forty-five adult male Sprague-Dawley rats,weighing 280-320 g,were randomly divided into 3 groups (n =15 each):sham operation group,I/R group and EA pretreatment group.Focal cerebral ischemia was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion for 120 min,followed by 24 h of reperfusion.EA of Baihui acupoint lasting 30 min was performed and then the model of focal cerebral I/R was established 24 h later in EA group.Neurological function was assessed and scored at 24 h of reperfusion.The rats were then sacrificed and brains removed for detection of the cerebral infarct volume and expression of pSTAT3 (Ser727) in cortical neurons in ischemic penumbra by immunofluorescence and Western blot.Results Compared with sham operation group,the neurological function score was decreased,the infarct volume was increased,and the expression of pSTAT3 (Ser727) was up-regulated in groups I/R and EA (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with I/R group,neurological function score was increased,the infarct volume was decreased,and the expression of pSTAT3 (Ser727) was up-regulated in group EA (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion EA pretreatment reduces focal cerebral I/R injury through up-regulating pSTAT3 expression in cortical neurons in rats.

Autophagy and apoptosis are both highly regulated biological processes that play essential roles in tissue homeostasis, development and diseases. Autophagy is also described as a mechanism of death pathways, however, the precise mechanism of how autophagy links to cell death remains to be fully understood. Beclin 1 is a dual regulator for both autophagy and apoptosis. In this study we found that Beclin 1 was a substrate of caspase-3 with two cleavage sites at positions 124 and 149, respectively. Furthermore, the autophagosome formation occurred, followed by the appearance of morphological hallmarks of apoptosis after staurosporine treatment. The cleavage products of Beclin 1 reduced autophagy and promoted apoptosis in HeLa cells and the cells in which Beclin 1 was stably knocked down by specific shRNA. In addition, the cleavage of Beclin 1 resulted in abrogating the interaction between Bcl-2 with Beclin 1, which could be blocked by z-VAD-fmk. Thus, our results suggest that the cleavage of Beclin 1 by caspase-3 may contribute to inactivate autophagy leading towards augmented apoptosis.
Apoptosis ; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins ; chemistry ; genetics ; metabolism ; Autophagy ; Beclin-1 ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Membrane Proteins ; chemistry ; genetics ; metabolism

Objective To investigate prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) in population at high-risk for diabetes in Changfeng community of Shanghai. Methods Totally, 982 persons aged 40-79 years without previous history of diabetes, but with risk factors for diabetes from Changfeng community in Shanghai were screened by questionnaire, physical examinations, lipid profile and oral glucose tolerance test. Prevalence of MS and its clinical characteristic were observed. Results Overall prevalence of MS was 44. 6% (438/982) in Changfeng community, significantly higher in women of 48.6% (341/701) than that in men of 34. 5% (97/281) (P<0.01). Prevalence of MS increased with age in women (P <0. 01 ), but not in men (P>0.05). Components of MS ranking from high to low were hypertension of 66. 5% (653/982), abdominal obesity of 62.8% (617/982), decreased high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) of 49. 4% (485/982), increased triglyceride (TG) of 46. 0% (452/982) and increased fasting glucose of 35.7% (351/982). There were 55.9% (245/438) of MS patients with three or more MS components in addition to abdominal obesity. Conclusions Prevalence of MS is higher in community population at high-risk for diabetes and more than half of the MS patients have three or more risk factors for cardiovascular disease.

Objective To investigate the expressions of peripheral type benzodiazepine receptor (PBR) and steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) of testis in rats with chronic ethanol feeding.Methods Forty rats were treated with different ethanol dosages for twenty weeks, the morphology of testis and protein expressions of PBR and StAR were observed.Results In the ethanol-feeding rats, seminiferous tubular wall of testes became thin and the layer of germ cells was significantly reduced, moreover, the broken spermatozoon′s flagella were frequently observed and few integrated spermatozoa were produced.Compared with control group, the protein expressions of PBR and StAR protein were reduced by 13.8%, 20.9%, 50.4% and 34.5%, 37.7%, 95.2% in low-, middle- and high-dose ethanol feeding group respectively by immunoprecipitation.Similarly, both locating at interstitial cells in testes were also decreased by 33.27 %, 37.71 %, 63.59 % and 27.12 %, 51.84 %, 58.41% in the same ethanol feeding groups respectively by immunohistochemistry.Conclusion Both PBR and StAR protein expressions are decreased in interstitial cells of testes in chronic ethanol-feeding rats, which shows positive correlation with ethanol dosage.

Objective To investigate the expression of FHITmRNA and WWOXmRNA in human breast cancer tissues and its relation to clinicopathological and other molecular parameters. Methods With reference to the expression of ?-actin,the expression of FHITmRNA and WWOXmRNA was determined by reverse (transcription)-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) in 51 breast cancer and adjacent breast tissue, and (semi-quantitative) analysis of band densities was performed. The protein expression of estrogen receptor(ER), progesterone receptor (PR), Her-2 gene in the 51 breast cancer lesions was detected by (immunohistochemical) method. Results FHITmRNA and WWOXmRNA expression was significantly different in 54 breast cancer tissue compared to adjacent breast tissue (P0.05); of FHITmRNA and WWOX mRNA was related to axillary lymph node metastasis (P

97 cases of jaw bone fractures were treated with rigid internal fixation.16 cases had malocclusion postoperation.The etiology was analyzed and the prevention methods were proposed.Intermaxillary elastic traction or fixation and craniomaxillofacial fixation or craniomentum elastic traction were performed to treat the malocclusion.By this way,14 cases were cured.1 case was operated again to resume the normal occlusion,1 case received occlusal adjustment.Incomplete reduction,incorrect operative performance,deficiency of postoperative intermaxillary fixation and incorrect intermaxillary fixation were the main causes to malocclusion.So anatomic in time reduction,correct operative performance,intermaxillary fixation,application of craniomaxillofacial fixation or craniomentum elastic traction instead of intermaxillary fixation for some special cases are effective methods to correct postoperative malocclusion.

Objective To study the ER status in Adriamycin-sensitive and Adriamycin-resistant MCF-7 human breast cancer cell lines. MethodsThe status of ER of MCF-7/ADR and parental MCF-7 cells was detected by Western blot. The expression of ER mRNA was detected by RT-PCR .The growth and the sensitivity to Estrogen(E 2) and droloxifene(Dro) of cells were investigated by MTT assay, and the distribution of cell cycle was detected by flow cytometric assay. Results ER and ER mRNA were positive in MCF-7 cells, and negative in MCF-7/ADR cells. In comparison with MCF-7 cells, MCF-7/ADR cells showed lower growth rate, and the cell cycle was arrested at G 0/G 1 phase. E 2 at concentrations between 1?10 -12mol/L to 1?10 -7mol/L significantly stimulated the growth of MCF-7, but did not stimulate the growth of MCF-7/ADR.Dro at concentrations between 10*!?mol/L to 20*!?mol/L significantly inhabited the growth of MCF-7, and the inhibition was dose-dependent. Dro at concentrations below 20*!?mol/L did not inhibit the growth of MCF-7/ADR, dro inhabited the growth of MCF-7/ADR only at the concentration of 20*!?mol/L, and the inhibition was more effective than MCF-7. Conclusions ER was lost in MCF-7/ADR cells,probably at mRNA level. Compared with MCF-7, the growth rate of MCF-7/ADR decreased,MCF-7/ADR cells lost the dependence on estrogen and the sensitivity to endocrine therapy.

Objective To study the expression of BRMS1mRNA in human breast cancer tissues and their significance.Methods The expression of BRMS1mRNA was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) in 71 breast cancer tissues and adjacent breast tissues,12 patients with benign breast tumors and 12 patients with normal breast tissue,and semi-quantitative analysis of band densities was also performed.Results The expression of BRMS1mRNA in 71 patients with breast cancer and adjacent breast tissue was 0.378?0.046 and 0.918?0.044,respectively;the expression of BRMS1mRNA in 12 patients with benign breast tumors and 12 patients with normal breast tissue was 0.908?0.047 and 0.934?0.028 respectively.BRMS1mRNA expression was significantly lower in breast cancer tissue compared to adjacent breast tissue,benign breast tumors and normal breast tissue(P0.05),but was related to axillary lymph node metastasis and clinical stage(P