Objective:To explore the expression of T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing molecule 3 (Tim-3), mitotic arrest deficient 2-like protein 1 (MAD2L1), and microRNA-203a-3p (miR-203a-3p) in colorectal cancer tissues and their relationship with prognosis.Methods:The clinicopathological data of 113 patients with colorectal cancer who underwent radical surgery in Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University from Jan. 2021 to Dec. 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Both cancer tissues and adjacent tissues were collected postoperatively for the detection of Tim-3, MAD2L1, and miR-203a-3p. Patients were followed up for 3 years, and their prognosis was recorded and divided into a survival group (84 cases) and a death group (29 cases). Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to investigate the factors influencing the prognosis of colorectal cancer patients. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to analyze the prognostic significance of Tim-3, MAD2L1, and miR-203a-3p expression.Results:The high expression rates of Tim-3 and MAD2L1 in colorectal cancer group were higher than those in adjacent tissues ( P < 0.05), while the expression of miR-203a-3p was lower than that in adjacent tissues ( P < 0.05). Kaplan-Meier survival curve showed that the 3-year survival rate of patients with high expression of Tim-3 and MAD2L1 was lower than that of patients with low expression ( P < 0.05), while the 3-year survival rate of patients with high expression of miR-203a-3p was higher than that of patients with low expression of miR-203a-3p ( P < 0.05). Cox regression analysis showed that TNM stage III-IV, low differentiation of tissue grade, lymph node metastasis, high expression of Tim-3 and MAD2L1, and low expression of miR-203a-3p were risk factors for poor prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer ( P < 0.05) . Conclusions:Tim-3 and MAD2L1 are highly expressed in colorectal cancer tissues, while miR-203a-3p is lowly expressed. The above indicators are closely related to the poor prognosis of patients, and are expected to become potential biomarkers for prognosis evaluation of colorectal cancer patients.

Objective:To explore the expression of T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing molecule 3 (Tim-3), mitotic arrest deficient 2-like protein 1 (MAD2L1), and microRNA-203a-3p (miR-203a-3p) in colorectal cancer tissues and their relationship with prognosis.Methods:The clinicopathological data of 113 patients with colorectal cancer who underwent radical surgery in Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University from Jan. 2021 to Dec. 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Both cancer tissues and adjacent tissues were collected postoperatively for the detection of Tim-3, MAD2L1, and miR-203a-3p. Patients were followed up for 3 years, and their prognosis was recorded and divided into a survival group (84 cases) and a death group (29 cases). Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to investigate the factors influencing the prognosis of colorectal cancer patients. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to analyze the prognostic significance of Tim-3, MAD2L1, and miR-203a-3p expression.Results:The high expression rates of Tim-3 and MAD2L1 in colorectal cancer group were higher than those in adjacent tissues ( P < 0.05), while the expression of miR-203a-3p was lower than that in adjacent tissues ( P < 0.05). Kaplan-Meier survival curve showed that the 3-year survival rate of patients with high expression of Tim-3 and MAD2L1 was lower than that of patients with low expression ( P < 0.05), while the 3-year survival rate of patients with high expression of miR-203a-3p was higher than that of patients with low expression of miR-203a-3p ( P < 0.05). Cox regression analysis showed that TNM stage III-IV, low differentiation of tissue grade, lymph node metastasis, high expression of Tim-3 and MAD2L1, and low expression of miR-203a-3p were risk factors for poor prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer ( P < 0.05) . Conclusions:Tim-3 and MAD2L1 are highly expressed in colorectal cancer tissues, while miR-203a-3p is lowly expressed. The above indicators are closely related to the poor prognosis of patients, and are expected to become potential biomarkers for prognosis evaluation of colorectal cancer patients.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an immune-mediated idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease, and the incidence of IBD is increasing. The detailed mechanism of IBD is not clear. The study of environmental risk factors of IBD not only provides clues to understand the mechanism of these diseases, but also may play a potential role in improving the natural history of IBD by changing some environmental risk factors. The environmental factors affecting the occurrence and development of IBD are discussed in this article.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an immune-mediated idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease, and the incidence of IBD is increasing. The detailed mechanism of IBD is not clear. The study of environmental risk factors of IBD not only provides clues to understand the mechanism of these diseases, but also may play a potential role in improving the natural history of IBD by changing some environmental risk factors. The environmental factors affecting the occurrence and development of IBD are discussed in this article.

Objective To screen out the cytokines relating to cardiac insufficiency caused by au-toantibodies against the second extracellular loop of the β1-adrenoceptor(β1-AA) using cytokine chip tech-nique, and to analyze the changes in signaling pathways. Methods Blood samples were collected from 67 patients with coronary artery disease(CAD) and 42 healthy subjects. ELISA was performed to detect β1-AA in plasma. BALB/c mice were passively immunized with the monoclonal antibodies against β1-AA (β1-AA mAb). Dynamic changes in mouse cardiac structure and functions were detected by heart ultrasound. Hema-toxylin and eosin (HE) and Masson staining were used to observe morphological changes in heart tissues.Cytokine chip technique was used to screen out the cytokines causing myocardial injury. Gene Ontology (GO) and KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) pathway enrichment analysis were used to classify the differentially expressed cytokines. Results Patients with CAD showed increased titer and posi-tive rate of β1-AA as compared with healthy subjects(P<0.001). The mouse model of heart injury was in-duced by β1-AA at the 8th week after immunization. A total of 37 differentially expressed cytokines were found in the model group,of which 11 cytokines were up-regulated and 26 cytokines were down-regulate as compared with those in the mouse control group. The level of CXCL16 was significantly increased in β1-AA-positive mice. GO analysis showed that CXCL16 was mainly involved in life processes including the positive regulation of cell death, migration, locomotion and cellular component movement. KEGG pathway enrich-ment analysis showed CXCL16 was significantly enriched in the pathway of cytokine-cytokine receptor inter-action and chemokine signaling pathway. ELISA showed that compared with β1-AA-negative patients, CXCL16 level was significantly increased in β1-AA-positive patients (P<0.01). A positive correlation was found between β1-AA and CXCL16 (P<0.01,r=0.43). Conclusion CXCL16 may play a critical role in the development of cardiac insufficiency induced by β1-AA.