Platelet is the key factor in hemostasis and coagulation,its potential in inflammatory response and immune response has been widely concerned in recent years.A growing number of studies indicate that tissue damage in inflammatory bowel disease is not only the result of dysregulated immune response,but also the active participation of various other cellular systems,and platelet might play an important role in intestinal mucosal inflammation and immunity.This article reviewed the abnormal changes and possible mechanisms of platelet in inflammatory bowel disease,and the prospects of platelet as a specific treatment target for inflammatory bowel disease.

Purpose To explore the cardioprotective effect of cang-ai volatile oil(CAVO)on rats with cardiac function impairment model under low-pressure and low-oxygen environment in Tibet Plateau based on 7.0T cardiovascular magnetic resonance(CMR)imaging.Materials and Methods Forty SD rats were randomly divided into the normal group,the high altitude model group,the CAVO-treated group and the rhodiola rosea-treated group,with 10 rats in each group.Except for the normal group,the rats in other groups were transferred from the plain(500 m above sea level)to the Tibet Plateau(4 250 m above sea level)for two months,and then administered with the corresponding drugs by gavage for 14 d.The left ventricle function was measured by using a 7.0T high-field strength CMR and myocardial strain was analysed by using tissue tracing technique.HE staining was used to observe the morphology of cardiomyocytes,Masson staining to observe interstitial fibrosis,wheat germ agglutinin staining to observe cardiomyocyte hypertrophy,and transmission electron microscopy to observe the morphological changes of mitochondria in each group.Serum levels of creatine kinase,creatine kinase isoenzyme,lactate dehydrogenase,cardiac troponin T,superoxide dismutase,malondialdehyde and glutathione peroxidase were detected.Intracellular reactive oxygen species levels were detected using flow cytometry.Results The left ventricular ejection fraction of rats in the CAVO-treated group was higher than that of the high altitude model group[(66.61±1.38)％vs.(60.94±3.21)％;t=3.969,P=0.032];meanwhile,the global circumferential strain of the left ventricle in the CAVO-treated group was higher than that of the high altitude model group(-25.68±1.30 vs.-22.84±1.17;t=3.967,P=0.003).HE,Masson and wheat germ agglutinin staining showed hypertrophy and necrosis as well as interstitial fibrosis and ultrastructural disruption of cardiomyocytes in the high altitude model group,which improved after CAVO treatment.The level of cardiac troponin T in the serum of rats with CAVO treatment group was significantly decreased compared with that of the high altitude model group[(314.03±20.05)pg/ml vs.(518.30±18.13)pg/ml;1=13.090,P=0.001].Conclusion CAVO treatment can reduce cardiac injury caused by low-pressure hypoxia in high altitude,and its effect can be detected dynamically and non-invasively by 7.0T high-field strength CMR.

Objective:To explore the efficacy and adverse reactions of nimotuzumab combined with induction chemotherapy (IC) based on albumin-bound paclitaxel plus cisplatin (TP regimen) for patients with locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (LA-HNSCC).Methods:Clinical data were collected from 65 patients with LA-HNSCC (stages Ⅲ/Ⅳ A/Ⅳ B; excluding nasopharyngeal carcinoma) who received 2-3 cycles of IC followed by concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University from January 2018 to June 2022. Based on the IC regimen, these patients were categorized into a nimotuzumab combined with TP (Nimo-TP) group ( n = 34) and a TP group ( n = 31), and their short-term efficacy [i.e., the objective response rate (ORR)], survival outcomes [e.g., overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), local recurrence-free survival (LRFS), and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS)], and adverse reactions were compared. Additionally, factors affecting their survival outcomes were analyzed. Results:There were statistically significant differences in 1- and 2-year DMFS between both groups (90.4% vs. 69.5%, 90.4% vs. 66.0%, χ2=1.81, P < 0.05), so did the ORRs after IC and CRT of both groups (after IC: 67.6% vs. 41.9%, χ2=4.34, P = 0.037; after CRT: 88.2% vs. 67.7%, χ2=4.03, P = 0.045). However, there was no statistically significant difference in the 2-year OS, PFS, and LRFS between both groups ( P > 0.05). Multivariate analysis revealed that nimotuzumab combined with TP-based IC served as an independent prognostic factor for DMFS ( HR = 0.27, 95% CI: 0.07-0.97, P = 0.045), while complete/partial response after IC acted as an independent prognostic factor for both PFS and local relapse-free survival ( HR = 0.36, 95% CI: 0.17-0.76, P = 0.008; HR = 0.28, 95% CI: 0.11-0.69, P = 0.006). Notably, adding nimotuzumab did not aggravate the adverse reactions in the patients during IC and CRT( P > 0.05). Conclusions:Nimotuzumab combined with TP-based induction chemotherapy followed by CRT significantly improved the DMFS of LA-HNSCC patients, exhibiting high safety. However, such therapy failed to significantly improve their OS, PFS, and LRRFS, and, thus, further research is required.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic non ‑ specific intestinal inflammatory disease. Spondyloarthritis (SpA) is a chronic inflammatory disease that occurs in the axial skeleton and surrounding joints, and is one of the most common extraintestinal manifestations of IBD. The main pathophysiologic mechanism of IBD accompanied with SpA involves the "gut‑joint axis" hypothesis, and dysbiosis of gut flora plays a key role in explaining the pathologic connection of the "gut‑joint axis" in patients with IBD accompanied with SpA. This article reviewed the progress of research on gut flora and IBD accompanied with SpA.

As an optional method for the treatment of hypospadias, free tube graft urethroplasty has been applied in some centers in recent years. It has the advantages of convenient urethra materials, high freedom of surgery, and satisfactory urine flow and appearance, but there are fewer reported cases and many complications. Therefore, it is recommended to be used cautiously. This paper summarizes the experience of 497 cases of free surgical surgery based on Buck fascia reconstruction, including key points such as full correction of penile lower curvature, no tension-free urethra, long-inclined plane anastomosis, and reliable coverage enhancement.

Objective:To construct a cognitive training program suitable for elderly patients with mild cognitive impairment based on horticultural therapy, so as to effectively slow down the cognitive decline of patients with mild cognitive impairment.Methods:Through searching the Chinese and English database literature of cognitive intervention from July 2000 to July 2020 and field visits to nursing homes, the draft intervention plan was formed. Two rounds of focus group interview were held to consult experts in cognitive impairment and geriatric care, etc., and to revise the intervention plan.Results:In the two rounds of focus group interview, the expert positive coefficient was 100%, the expert judgment basis was 0.84, the expert familiarity degree was 0.84, and the expert authority coefficient was 0.84. In the end, a 10-week cognitive intervention program targeting six cognitive domains -- "visuospatial/executive ability", "memory ability", "language ability", "attention ability", "abstract ability" and "naming ability" was formed, and the implementation steps of the program were improved.Conclusions:The construction process of cognitive training program for patients with mild cognitive impairment based on horticultural therapy theory is rigorous, scientific and feasible, and can be used to guide the cognitive training of patients with mild cognitive impairment.

Early distinction of bipolar disorder (BD) from major depressive disorder (MDD) is difficult since no tools are available to estimate the risk of BD. In this study, we aimed to develop and validate a model of oxidative stress injury for predicting BD. Data were collected from 1252 BD and 1359 MDD patients, including 64 MDD patients identified as converting to BD from 2009 through 2018. 30 variables from a randomly-selected subsample of 1827 (70%) patients were used to develop the model, including age, sex, oxidative stress markers (uric acid, bilirubin, albumin, and prealbumin), sex hormones, cytokines, thyroid and liver function, and glycolipid metabolism. Univariate analyses and the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator were applied for data dimension reduction and variable selection. Multivariable logistic regression was used to construct a model for predicting bipolar disorder by oxidative stress biomarkers (BIOS) on a nomogram. Internal validation was assessed in the remaining 784 patients (30%), and independent external validation was done with data from 3797 matched patients from five other hospitals in China. 10 predictors, mainly oxidative stress markers, were shown on the nomogram. The BIOS model showed good discrimination in the training sample, with an AUC of 75.1% (95% CI: 72.9%-77.3%), sensitivity of 0.66, and specificity of 0.73. The discrimination was good both in internal validation (AUC 72.1%, 68.6%-75.6%) and external validation (AUC 65.7%, 63.9%-67.5%). In this study, we developed a nomogram centered on oxidative stress injury, which could help in the individualized prediction of BD. For better real-world practice, a set of measurements, especially on oxidative stress markers, should be emphasized using big data in psychiatry.
Biomarkers/metabolism* ; Bipolar Disorder/metabolism* ; Depressive Disorder, Major/diagnosis* ; Early Diagnosis ; Humans ; Oxidative Stress

Objective:To investigate the method and effect of acellular dermal matrix (ADM) allograft combined with fat grafting for penile augmentation.Methods:The first phase of enhancing the penile augmentation was using the dual plane approach with acellular dermal matrix, and the second phase was injecting autologous fat into the layer between dartos fascia and buck fascia.Results:23 patients were followed up for 6 months after operation, their penile circumference at flaccid after the operations (11.08±1.67) cm was increased significantly compared to that before the operations (7.87±1.08) cm. All patients were satisfactory with the cosmetic and functional results, and no fat liquefaction, necrosis and other complications happened.Conclusions:Acellular dermal matrix allograft combined with fat injection is an effective and safe way for penile augmentation, which has the characteristics of good shape and few complications.

Objective: To discuss the effectiveness of modified Brisson surgery in treatment of the severe and obviously obese concealed penis. Methods: A clinical data of 96 boys with severe concealed penis, of 53 cases combined with obviously obese, who were treated by modified Brisson surgery between January 2014 and August 2016, was retrospectively analysed. The children ranged in age from 1 year to 11 years and 9 months, with an average of 5 years and 3 months. The median longitudinal incision of the penis scrotum was used instead of the wedge-shaped skin incision at the junction of the penis and scrotum, which could completely expose the surgical field; fully release and removal of the abnormal meat membrane and fascia around the penis were performed; the propulsion and rotating flaps match the inner sheath of the foreskin was used to completely remove skin stenosis. Postoperative effectiveness was evaluated by Boemers standard. Results: All the incisions healed by first intention and no infection or necrosis of the foreskin flap occurred. Ninety-three cases were discharged from hospital after operation and followed up 1 year to 3 years and 6 months, with an average of 2 years and 4 months. Scrotal hematoma occurred in 2 cases within 48 hours, penile skin edema occurred in 5 cases, and scar hyperplasia in the penis scrotal corner incision occurred in 1 case at 1 month after operation. Postoperative exposure of the penis was good in 90 cases; there was no retraction of the penis in the upright position and sitting position; the family members were satisfied with the appearance of the penis. The penis were partially retracted in 3 cases, that affected the appearance of the penis during the sitting position. Conclusion: The modified Brisson surgery is one of the most effective methods to treat the severe and obviously obese concealed penis, with satisfactory effectiveness and less complication.