Purpose To explore the feasibility and clinical value of deep learning-based image reconstruction technology in 5.0T MRI for nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Materials and Methods A prospective study was conducted on 50 newly diagnosed nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients from August to December 2024 at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center.5.0T MRI was performed to scan the nasopharynx region.Routine scanning protocols included transverse T2WI,transverse T1WI,transverse contrast-enhanced T1WI and coronal fat-suppressed contrast-enhanced T1WI sequences.Based on these standard scanning protocols,DeepRecon deep learning reconstruction technology with different levels(grade 1-5)was applied,generating a total of 24 sets of images.Qualitative evaluation employed a Likert scale(5-point system)for subjective scoring on lesion detection,lesion edge clarity,artifacts and overall image quality.Quantitative evaluation was performed using the signal-to-noise ratio and contrast-to-noise ratio to objectively assess the quality of the 24 image sets.Differences in qualitative and quantitative indicators between different groups were compared,while the Kappa coefficient was used to analyze the consistency of subjective evaluations by two radiologists.Results In the qualitative assessment of 24 image sets from four MRI sequences(with and without DeepRecon reconstruction),DeepRecon images(grade 2-4)significantly outperformed traditional images in all features except for artifact reduction(Z=-12.11--6.23,all P<0.001).Images reconstructed at DeepRecon grade 3 had the highest overall score and the best image quality.Furthermore,compared with traditional images,DeepRecon images(grade 2-5)demonstrated significantly improved signal-to-noise ratio for both lesions and the lateral pterygoid muscle(t=-15.67--3.44,Z=-6.09--4.63,all P<0.01).In addition,in the transverse T2WI,transverse contrast-enhanced T1WI and coronal fat-suppressed contrast-enhanced T1WI images with DeepRecon reconstruction(grade 2-5),the contrast-to-noise ratio(lesion/lateral pterygoid muscle)also showed significant improvement compared to traditional images(t=-12.71--3.19,Z=-6.08--4.47,all P<0.001).The inter-observer agreement for the overall subjective quality score between the two radiologists was good(Kappa=0.75-0.82,all P<0.01).Conclusion DeepRecon deep learning reconstruction technology significantly increases the signal-to-noise ratio and resolution of traditional magnetic resonance images of nasopharyngeal cancer,improving image clarity and bringing more possibilities for the advancement of imaging diagnosis.

The prevalence of summer endogenous fever is closely related to the climate of summer.Based on Li Dongyuan's yin-fire theory,this article proposed that summer-heat,irregular diet,excessive consumption of cold foods,poor living habits,and summer damp-heat internal invasion damaging the spleen can all lead to the generation of yin-fire,thereby causing endogenous fever.The core pathogenesis of summer endogenous fever lies in spleen deficiency with yang collapse,which results into the blockage of qi movement and the production of yin-fire.The yin-fire persists throughout the entire course of the disease.Treatment of summer endogenous fever should focus on eliminating yin-fire,primarily by addressing the spleen via boosting qi and raising yang to restore the spleen's ascending and stomach's descending functions,thereby dispersing yin-fire.Clearing heat and resolving dampness can purge yin-fire and then the spleen qi's circulation is restored.By analyzing the pathological changes of dampness accumulation into phlegm,fire-heat damaging yin and liver stagnation with kidney deficiency,the disease progression can be predicted.Correspondingly,comprehensive therapy of resolving phlegm,nourishing yin,soothing liver,and tonifying kidney can be employed to prevent further deterioration.Based on Li Dongyuan's yin-fire theory,Shengyang Yiwei Decoction(mainly composed of Astragali Radix,Pinelliae Rhizoma,Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma,Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata cum Melle,Angelicae Pubescentis Radix,Saposhnikoviae Radix,Paeoniae Radix Alba,Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix,Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium,Poria,Bupleuri Radix,Alismatis Rhizoma,Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma,and Coptidis Rhizoma)can be used as a fundamental prescription to treat summer endogenous fever caused by yin-fire,with modifications tailored to specific clinical presentations.This theoretical exploration may provide a reference for the clinical management of summer endogenous fever.

Purpose To explore the feasibility and clinical value of deep learning-based image reconstruction technology in 5.0T MRI for nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Materials and Methods A prospective study was conducted on 50 newly diagnosed nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients from August to December 2024 at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center.5.0T MRI was performed to scan the nasopharynx region.Routine scanning protocols included transverse T2WI,transverse T1WI,transverse contrast-enhanced T1WI and coronal fat-suppressed contrast-enhanced T1WI sequences.Based on these standard scanning protocols,DeepRecon deep learning reconstruction technology with different levels(grade 1-5)was applied,generating a total of 24 sets of images.Qualitative evaluation employed a Likert scale(5-point system)for subjective scoring on lesion detection,lesion edge clarity,artifacts and overall image quality.Quantitative evaluation was performed using the signal-to-noise ratio and contrast-to-noise ratio to objectively assess the quality of the 24 image sets.Differences in qualitative and quantitative indicators between different groups were compared,while the Kappa coefficient was used to analyze the consistency of subjective evaluations by two radiologists.Results In the qualitative assessment of 24 image sets from four MRI sequences(with and without DeepRecon reconstruction),DeepRecon images(grade 2-4)significantly outperformed traditional images in all features except for artifact reduction(Z=-12.11--6.23,all P<0.001).Images reconstructed at DeepRecon grade 3 had the highest overall score and the best image quality.Furthermore,compared with traditional images,DeepRecon images(grade 2-5)demonstrated significantly improved signal-to-noise ratio for both lesions and the lateral pterygoid muscle(t=-15.67--3.44,Z=-6.09--4.63,all P<0.01).In addition,in the transverse T2WI,transverse contrast-enhanced T1WI and coronal fat-suppressed contrast-enhanced T1WI images with DeepRecon reconstruction(grade 2-5),the contrast-to-noise ratio(lesion/lateral pterygoid muscle)also showed significant improvement compared to traditional images(t=-12.71--3.19,Z=-6.08--4.47,all P<0.001).The inter-observer agreement for the overall subjective quality score between the two radiologists was good(Kappa=0.75-0.82,all P<0.01).Conclusion DeepRecon deep learning reconstruction technology significantly increases the signal-to-noise ratio and resolution of traditional magnetic resonance images of nasopharyngeal cancer,improving image clarity and bringing more possibilities for the advancement of imaging diagnosis.

Objective To explore the pharmacologically active components in areca nut that induce oral submucosal fibrosis(OSF)and the possible mechanism.Methods The chemical components in areca nut were analyzed using Thermo QE plus liquid chromatography tandem high-resolution mass spectrometer and Compound discover 3.2 data processing software.The chemical activity of the top 20 compounds was analyzed based on Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2015),PubChem,Chemical book,and SciFinder databases.The potential active components,core targets,biological functions and signaling pathways affecting OSF were analyzed by network pharmacology.The targets of OSF were obtained by integrating Genecards and KEGG databases.The compounds acting on the targets were selected from the Systematic Pharmacology Technology Platform of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCMSP),and the target-compound,compound-TCM,target-compound-TCM network was constructed.Molecular docking was used to analyze the component-target binding.Immunohistochemistry was used to examine the expressions of key proteins in the PI3K-Akt and MAPK pathways in clinical samples of OSF.Results The core intersection target genes between the top 10 active ingredients in areca nut extract and OSF involved mainly the PI3K-Akt and MAPK pathways.In the clinical samples,the expressions of PI3K protein decreased and the expressions p-PI3K,AKT1 and P-Akt all increased significantly in OSF tissue,where increased JNK protein expression and enhanced activity of c-Jun and c-Fos transcriptional factors were also detected.The OSF patients had significantly elevated plasma levels of IL-6 and IL-8 compared with healthy individuals.Conclusion The main active ingredients including arecoline,arecaine,and guvacine are capable of activating the PI3K-Akt and MAPK pathways to promote the expressions of inflammatory mediators IL-6 and IL-8 and induce collagen hyperplasia,thus leading to the occurrence of oral submucosal fibrosis.

Objective To explore the pharmacologically active components in areca nut that induce oral submucosal fibrosis(OSF)and the possible mechanism.Methods The chemical components in areca nut were analyzed using Thermo QE plus liquid chromatography tandem high-resolution mass spectrometer and Compound discover 3.2 data processing software.The chemical activity of the top 20 compounds was analyzed based on Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2015),PubChem,Chemical book,and SciFinder databases.The potential active components,core targets,biological functions and signaling pathways affecting OSF were analyzed by network pharmacology.The targets of OSF were obtained by integrating Genecards and KEGG databases.The compounds acting on the targets were selected from the Systematic Pharmacology Technology Platform of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCMSP),and the target-compound,compound-TCM,target-compound-TCM network was constructed.Molecular docking was used to analyze the component-target binding.Immunohistochemistry was used to examine the expressions of key proteins in the PI3K-Akt and MAPK pathways in clinical samples of OSF.Results The core intersection target genes between the top 10 active ingredients in areca nut extract and OSF involved mainly the PI3K-Akt and MAPK pathways.In the clinical samples,the expressions of PI3K protein decreased and the expressions p-PI3K,AKT1 and P-Akt all increased significantly in OSF tissue,where increased JNK protein expression and enhanced activity of c-Jun and c-Fos transcriptional factors were also detected.The OSF patients had significantly elevated plasma levels of IL-6 and IL-8 compared with healthy individuals.Conclusion The main active ingredients including arecoline,arecaine,and guvacine are capable of activating the PI3K-Akt and MAPK pathways to promote the expressions of inflammatory mediators IL-6 and IL-8 and induce collagen hyperplasia,thus leading to the occurrence of oral submucosal fibrosis.

Polymyxin B and polymyxin E (colistin) are presently considered the last line of defense against human infections caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative organisms such as carbapenemase-producer Enterobacterales, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Yet resistance to this last-line drugs is a major public health threat and is rapidly increasing. Polymyxin S₂ (S₂) is a polymyxin B analogue previously synthesized in our institute with obviously high antibacterial activity and lower toxicity than polymyxin B and colistin. To predict the possible resistant mechanism of S₂ for wide clinical application, we experimentally induced bacterial resistant mutants and studied the preliminary resistance mechanisms. Mut-S, a resistant mutant of K. pneumoniae ATCC BAA-2146 (Kpn2146) induced by S₂, was analyzed by whole genome sequencing, transcriptomics, mass spectrometry and complementation experiment. Surprisingly, large-scale genomic inversion (LSGI) of approximately 1.1 Mbp in the chromosome caused by IS26 mediated intramolecular transposition was found in Mut-S, which led to mgrB truncation, lipid A modification and hence S₂ resistance. The resistance can be complemented by plasmid carrying intact mgrB. The same mechanism was also found in polymyxin B and colistin induced drug-resistant mutants of Kpn2146 (Mut-B and Mut-E, respectively). This is the first report of polymyxin resistance caused by IS26 intramolecular transposition mediated mgrB truncation in chromosome in K. pneumoniae. The findings broaden our scope of knowledge for polymyxin resistance and enriched our understanding of how bacteria can manage to survive in the presence of antibiotics.

Objective:To investigate the effects of different partial deletions in azoospermia factor (AZF) locus of Y-chromosome on the clinical outcome of severe oligoasthenozoospermia patients by intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI).Methods:A retrospective cohort study was conducted on the patients undergoing high-throughput sequencing for Y chromosome microdeletion screening and ICSI treatment in Reproductive Medicine Center of Henan Provincial People's Hospital from December 2017 to July 2020. According to whether carrying AZFc microdeletions or not, the patients were divided into the AZFc-deletion group and control group. And AZFc-deletion group was divided into 3 subgroups, b2/b3 deletion, b2/b4 deletion and gr/gr deletions subgroup, by the types of partial deletion.Results:The day 3 (D3) available embryo rate, the high-quality embryo rate, and the blastocyst formation rate in patients with AZFc deletion were statistically lower than those in control group [70.4% (556/790) vs. 78.5% (2867/3651), P<0.001; 24.7% (199/807) vs. 34.3% (1284/3747), P<0.001; 51.7% (277/536) vs. 58.0% (1540/2592), P=0.007], and there were no statistical differences in implantation rate, clinical pregnancy rate, live birth rate during transplantation cycle between the two groups (all P>0.05). The AZFc b2/b3 deletion subgroup had no significant differences in D3 available embryo rate, high-quality embryo rate, blastocyst formation rate, implantation rate, clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate, compared with control group (all P>0.05). The rate of high-quality embryos in patients with the b2/b4 deletion subgroup [23.2% (32/138)] was lower than that of control group ( P=0.004), but there were no statistical differences in D3 available embryo rate, blastocyst formation rate, implantation rate, clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate (all P>0.05). The D3 available embryo rate [71.6% (280/391)], the high-quality embryo rate [20.8% (84/403)] and the blastocyst formation rate [48.7% (133/273)] in patients of gr/gr deletion subgroup were significantly lower than those in control group ( P=0.002, P<0.001, P<0.001), but there were no statistical differences in implantation rate, clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate (all P>0.05). Conclusion:AZFc b2/b3 deletion and b2/b4 deletion in the AZFc locus of Y chromosome have no significant effect on embryonic development and pregnancy outcome in patients with severe oligoasthenozoospermia undergoing ICSI. Gr/gr deletion has most adverse effect on embryonic development but no effect on pregnancy outcome.

Objective:The investigation and research on the application status of Hepatic Venous Pressure Gradient (HVPG) is very important to understand the real situation and future development of this technology in China.Methods:This study comprehensively investigated the basic situation of HVPG technology in China, including hospital distribution, hospital level, annual number of cases, catheters used, average cost, indications and existing problems.Results:According to the survey, there were 70 hospitals in China carrying out HVPG technology in 2021, distributed in 28 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central Government). A total of 4 398 cases of HVPG were performed in all the surveyed hospitals in 2021, of which 2 291 cases (52.1%) were tested by HVPG alone. The average cost of HVPG detection was (5 617.2±2 079.4) yuan. 96.3% of the teams completed HVPG detection with balloon method, and most of the teams used thrombectomy balloon catheter (80.3%).Conclusion:Through this investigation, the status of domestic clinical application of HVPG has been clarified, and it has been confirmed that many domestic medical institutions have mastered this technology, but it still needs to continue to promote and popularize HVPG technology in the future.

Objective:To investigate the effects of different partial deletions in azoospermia factor (AZF) locus of Y-chromosome on the clinical outcome of severe oligoasthenozoospermia patients by intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI).Methods:A retrospective cohort study was conducted on the patients undergoing high-throughput sequencing for Y chromosome microdeletion screening and ICSI treatment in Reproductive Medicine Center of Henan Provincial People's Hospital from December 2017 to July 2020. According to whether carrying AZFc microdeletions or not, the patients were divided into the AZFc-deletion group and control group. And AZFc-deletion group was divided into 3 subgroups, b2/b3 deletion, b2/b4 deletion and gr/gr deletions subgroup, by the types of partial deletion.Results:The day 3 (D3) available embryo rate, the high-quality embryo rate, and the blastocyst formation rate in patients with AZFc deletion were statistically lower than those in control group [70.4% (556/790) vs. 78.5% (2867/3651), P<0.001; 24.7% (199/807) vs. 34.3% (1284/3747), P<0.001; 51.7% (277/536) vs. 58.0% (1540/2592), P=0.007], and there were no statistical differences in implantation rate, clinical pregnancy rate, live birth rate during transplantation cycle between the two groups (all P>0.05). The AZFc b2/b3 deletion subgroup had no significant differences in D3 available embryo rate, high-quality embryo rate, blastocyst formation rate, implantation rate, clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate, compared with control group (all P>0.05). The rate of high-quality embryos in patients with the b2/b4 deletion subgroup [23.2% (32/138)] was lower than that of control group ( P=0.004), but there were no statistical differences in D3 available embryo rate, blastocyst formation rate, implantation rate, clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate (all P>0.05). The D3 available embryo rate [71.6% (280/391)], the high-quality embryo rate [20.8% (84/403)] and the blastocyst formation rate [48.7% (133/273)] in patients of gr/gr deletion subgroup were significantly lower than those in control group ( P=0.002, P<0.001, P<0.001), but there were no statistical differences in implantation rate, clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate (all P>0.05). Conclusion:AZFc b2/b3 deletion and b2/b4 deletion in the AZFc locus of Y chromosome have no significant effect on embryonic development and pregnancy outcome in patients with severe oligoasthenozoospermia undergoing ICSI. Gr/gr deletion has most adverse effect on embryonic development but no effect on pregnancy outcome.

Objective:To investigate the effect and mechanism of Myosin X on the radiosensitivity of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell line H1975 in vitro. Methods:Western blot was applied to detect the expression level of Myosin X expression. The H1975 cell line with stable knockout of Myosin X (KO group) and infected with control virus (NC group) were constucted by using CRISPR/Cas9 technique. The knockout efficiency was validated. The radiosensitivity of two cell lines was measured by colony formation assay and single-hit multi-target model. γ-H 2AX focus formation test and RNA sequencing (RNAseq) analysis were employed to identify the regulatory mechanism of the radiosensitivity of lung cancer cell lines mediated by Myosin X. Results:The expression level of Myosin X in the H1975 cells was significantly up-regulated than those in other NSCLC cell lines (all P<0.01). The lentiviral vector of Myosin X sgRNA-Lenti-CRISPR v2 was successfully constructed. After the puromycin screening, H1975 cell lines with complete knockout of Myosin X and control cell lines (NC group) were obtained. Colony formation assay demonstrated that compared with the NC group, the radiosensitivity in the KO group was significantly higher (The D 0 value was decreased from 1.28 Gy to 1.03 Gy, SF 2 decreased from 0.29 to 0.21, and the sensitization ratio was 1.24). The γ-H 2AX focus formation test showed that the number of damage focus formed at 1 h and 6 h after irradiation in the KO group was significantly larger than that in the NC group ( P<0.05. RNAseq analysis indicated that the expression level of ISLR in the KO group was significantly down-regulated than that IN the NC group ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Knockout of Myosin X can increase the radiosensitivity of H1975 cells probably by interfering the repair of DNA double-strand damage and down-regulating the expression level of ISLR.