Metal ion-promoted chemodynamic therapy(CDT) combined with photodynamic therapy(PDT) offers broad application prospects for enhancing anti-tumor effects. In this study, glycyrrhizic acid(GA), copper ions(Cu~(2+)), and norcantharidin(NCTD) were co-assembled to successfully prepare a natural small-molecule, carrier-free hydrogel(NCTD Gel) with excellent material properties. Under 808 nm laser irradiation, NCTD Gel responded to the tumor microenvironment(TME) and acted as an efficient Fenton reagent and photosensitizer, catalyzing the conversion of endogenous hydrogen peroxide(H_2O_2) within the tumor into oxygen(O_2), and hydroxyl radicals(·OH, type Ⅰ reactive oxygen species) and singlet oxygen(~1O_2, type Ⅱ reactive oxygen species), while depleting glutathione(GSH) to stabilize reactive oxygen species and alleviate tumor hypoxia. In vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that NCTD Gel exhibited significant CDT/PDT synergistic therapeutic effects. Further safety evaluation and metabolic testing confirmed its good biocompatibility and safety. This novel hydrogel is not only simple to prepare, safe, and cost-effective but also holds great potential for clinical transformation, providing insights and references for the research and development of metal ion-mediated hydrogel-based anti-tumor therapies.
Hydrogels/chemistry* ; Animals ; Photochemotherapy ; Humans ; Mice ; Antineoplastic Agents/administration & dosage* ; Photosensitizing Agents/chemistry* ; Neoplasms/metabolism* ; Female ; Copper/chemistry* ; Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism* ; Tumor Microenvironment/drug effects* ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Male

Objective:To explore the independent risk factors for uremic encephalopathy(UE)in maintenance hemodialysis(MHD)patients and provide evidence for early clinical warning and intervention.Methods:A case-control study was conducted,enrolling 67 MHD patients diagnosed with UE(UE group)at Laibin People's Hospital from January 2010 to December 2024,and 67 non-UE patients during the same period(control group).Demographic characteristics,dialysis parameters,laboratory indicators,and infection events were collected.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify independent risk factors for UE.Results:The UE group had significantly higher rates of infection(58.2％vs.29.9％),serum creatinine(789 vs.702 μmol/L),and iPTH levels(568 vs.385 pg/mL)compared to the control group(P＜0.05).Multivariate analysis revealed that concurrent infection(OR=3.022,95％CI:1.312-6.958),elevated serum creatinine(OR=1.004,95％CI:1.000-1.008),and elevated iPTH(OR=1.002,95％CI:1.001-1.003)were independent risk factors for UE(P＜0.05).The combined prediction model achieved an AUC of 0.878(95％CI:0.822-0.934),with 82.1％sensitivity and 80.6％specificity.Conclusion:Infection,elevated serum creatinine,and elevated iPTH significantly increase the risk of UE in MHD patients.Clinical management should emphasize infection prevention,toxin clearance optimization,and parathyroid function regulation to reduce UE incidence.

Objective:To investigate the diagnostic value of gastroenteroscopic narrow band imaging(NBI)combine with serum amyloid A(SAA),C-reactive protein(CRP),D-Dimer(D-D)in children with abdominal henoch schonlein purpura(HSP).Methods:90 children with HSP who were admitted to our hospital from September 2022 to September 2024 were prospectively selected as the research objects,of which 50 children with abdominal HSP were included in the observation group and 40 children with other types of HSP were included in the control group.All children underwent gastroenteroscopic NBI examination and serum CRP,SAA and D-D levels were detected,and serum CRP,SAA and D-D levels were compared between the two groups,and the results of gastroenteroscopic NBI examination were analyzed in the two groups.Then the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was applied to analyze the diagnostic value of gastroenteroscopic NBI and serum CRP,SAA,D-D alone or in combination in children with abdominal HSP.Results:Serum CRP,SAA and D-D levels in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P＜0.05);The results of gastroenteroscopic NBI showed that most of the children with abdominal HSP had some degree of changes in the gastric and duodenal mucosa,with mucosal congestion,edema,erosion,ulceration,and scattered bright or dark red bleeding spots as the main manifestations.Under gastroenteroscopic NBI,41 of 50 children with abdominal HSP were diagnosed as abdominal HSP,and 11 of 40 children with other types of HSP were diagnosed as abdominal HSP;the area under curve(AUC)of serum CRP,SAA,and D-D in the diagnosis of children with abdominal HSP were 0.668,0.720 and 0.771,respectively,and the AUC of the combination diagnosis of serum CRP,SAA and D-D in the diagnosis of children with abdominal HSP was 0.815;The AUC of the diagnosis of gastroenteroscopic NBI and serum CRP,SAA and D-D in children with abdominal HSP was 0.801 and 0.815,respectively,and the AUC of the combination diagnosis of gastroenteroscopic NBI in children with abdominal HSP was 0.867.Conclusion:Serum CRP,SAA and D-D in children with abdominal HSP were significantly increased,and the main manifestations under gastroenteroscopic NBI were mucosal congestion,edema,erosion,ulceration and scattered bright or dark red bleeding spots as the main manifestations.Gastroenteroscopic NBI combine with serum CRP,SAA and D-D could significantly improve the diagnostic efficiency of children with abdominal HSP.

Objective:To explore the independent risk factors for uremic encephalopathy(UE)in maintenance hemodialysis(MHD)patients and provide evidence for early clinical warning and intervention.Methods:A case-control study was conducted,enrolling 67 MHD patients diagnosed with UE(UE group)at Laibin People's Hospital from January 2010 to December 2024,and 67 non-UE patients during the same period(control group).Demographic characteristics,dialysis parameters,laboratory indicators,and infection events were collected.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify independent risk factors for UE.Results:The UE group had significantly higher rates of infection(58.2％vs.29.9％),serum creatinine(789 vs.702 μmol/L),and iPTH levels(568 vs.385 pg/mL)compared to the control group(P＜0.05).Multivariate analysis revealed that concurrent infection(OR=3.022,95％CI:1.312-6.958),elevated serum creatinine(OR=1.004,95％CI:1.000-1.008),and elevated iPTH(OR=1.002,95％CI:1.001-1.003)were independent risk factors for UE(P＜0.05).The combined prediction model achieved an AUC of 0.878(95％CI:0.822-0.934),with 82.1％sensitivity and 80.6％specificity.Conclusion:Infection,elevated serum creatinine,and elevated iPTH significantly increase the risk of UE in MHD patients.Clinical management should emphasize infection prevention,toxin clearance optimization,and parathyroid function regulation to reduce UE incidence.

Objective:To investigate the diagnostic value of gastroenteroscopic narrow band imaging(NBI)combine with serum amyloid A(SAA),C-reactive protein(CRP),D-Dimer(D-D)in children with abdominal henoch schonlein purpura(HSP).Methods:90 children with HSP who were admitted to our hospital from September 2022 to September 2024 were prospectively selected as the research objects,of which 50 children with abdominal HSP were included in the observation group and 40 children with other types of HSP were included in the control group.All children underwent gastroenteroscopic NBI examination and serum CRP,SAA and D-D levels were detected,and serum CRP,SAA and D-D levels were compared between the two groups,and the results of gastroenteroscopic NBI examination were analyzed in the two groups.Then the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was applied to analyze the diagnostic value of gastroenteroscopic NBI and serum CRP,SAA,D-D alone or in combination in children with abdominal HSP.Results:Serum CRP,SAA and D-D levels in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P＜0.05);The results of gastroenteroscopic NBI showed that most of the children with abdominal HSP had some degree of changes in the gastric and duodenal mucosa,with mucosal congestion,edema,erosion,ulceration,and scattered bright or dark red bleeding spots as the main manifestations.Under gastroenteroscopic NBI,41 of 50 children with abdominal HSP were diagnosed as abdominal HSP,and 11 of 40 children with other types of HSP were diagnosed as abdominal HSP;the area under curve(AUC)of serum CRP,SAA,and D-D in the diagnosis of children with abdominal HSP were 0.668,0.720 and 0.771,respectively,and the AUC of the combination diagnosis of serum CRP,SAA and D-D in the diagnosis of children with abdominal HSP was 0.815;The AUC of the diagnosis of gastroenteroscopic NBI and serum CRP,SAA and D-D in children with abdominal HSP was 0.801 and 0.815,respectively,and the AUC of the combination diagnosis of gastroenteroscopic NBI in children with abdominal HSP was 0.867.Conclusion:Serum CRP,SAA and D-D in children with abdominal HSP were significantly increased,and the main manifestations under gastroenteroscopic NBI were mucosal congestion,edema,erosion,ulceration and scattered bright or dark red bleeding spots as the main manifestations.Gastroenteroscopic NBI combine with serum CRP,SAA and D-D could significantly improve the diagnostic efficiency of children with abdominal HSP.

This study was aimed at exploring the epidemiological characteristics of plague,and the evolutionary relation-ships among the isolated plague strains in the Yunnan border area,to provide clues for further studying epidemic causes and ep-idemiological patterns.Plague epidemic data in the border area during the second epidemic period(1982-2007)were collected and analyzed with descriptive epidemiological methods.Whole genome sequences of 262 strains of Yersinia pestis in the border area were obtained for phylogenetic analysis.Plague outbreaks occurred in 17 counties(cities)among 25 border counties(cit-ies);a total of 552 epidemic foci and 123 human cases were identified.The 1.ORI2,1.ORI3,1.IN3,2.ANT and 2.MED geno-types were identified among Yersinia pestis isolated from the Yunnan border area,among which the 1.ORI2 population was dominant.A total of 258 strains of Yersinia pestis from the 1.OR12 population belonged to four subclusters.The Myanmar and Vietnam clade was embedded within the Yunnan clade in the overall phylogeny.The above results indicated that during the sec-ond period of the epidemic,the intensity of plague epidemics in Yunnan's border areas was high,showing a trend of devel-opment from west to south and east.Our findings indicated a risk of cross-border transmission of plague between Yunnan and neighboring countries;therefore,the surveillance,pre-vention,and control of plague in border areas should be strengthened.

Anti-tumor traditional Chinese medicine has a long history of clinic application, in which the star molecules have always been the hotspot of modern drug research, but they are limited by the solubility, stability, targeting, bioactivity or toxicity of the monomer components of traditional Chinese medicine anti-tumor star molecules and other pharmacokinetic problems, which hinders the traditional Chinese medicine anti-tumor star molecules for further clinical translation and application. Currently, the nanosystems prepared by supramolecular technologies such as molecular self-assembly and nanomaterial encapsulation have broader application prospects in improving the anti-tumor effect of active components of traditional Chinese medicine, which has attracted extensive attention from scholars at home and abroad. In this paper, we systematically review the research progress in preparation of supramolecular nano-systems from anti-tumor star molecule of traditional Chinese medicine, and summarize the two major categories and ten small classes of carrier-free and carrier-based supramolecular nanosystems and their research cases, and the future development direction is put forward. The purpose of this paper is to provide reference for the research and clinical transformation of using supramolecular technology to improve the clinical application of anti-tumor star molecule of traditional Chinese medicine.

The processing of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) is a core theory within TCM, embodying deep philosophical, cultural, and natural scientific wisdom. Among the various techniques, the "synergistic processing of medicinal materials and excipients" has garnered significant attention due to its uniqueness. This study explored the impact of the adjuvant Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma on the dynamic process of component transformation during the processing of Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata using techniques such as acidic dye colorimetry, UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS, density functional theory(DFT), and molecular dynamics simulations(MDS). The research revealed that during processing, various alkaloid components in Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata exhibited different weak interactions with glycyrrhizic acid in Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, affecting the transformation and content changes of alkaloid components such as aconitine, hypaconitine, and other diester-type alkaloids. This study, based on the dynamic process of "interactions between excipients and herbal medicine and component transformation", elucidated the intrinsic mechanism of processing of Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata with Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and provided a reference for understanding the scientific principles underlying the excipient processing of TCM.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal/chemistry* ; Aconitum/chemistry* ; Excipients/chemistry* ; Glycyrrhiza/chemistry* ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Molecular Dynamics Simulation ; Alkaloids/chemistry* ; Glycyrrhizic Acid/chemistry*

Objective: To establish an ultra-sensitive, ultra-fast, visible detection method for Vibrio parahaemolyticus (VP) . Methods: We established a new method for detecting the tdh and trh genes of VP using clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein 12a (CRISPR/Cas12a) combined with recombinase polymerase amplification and visual detection (CRISPR/Cas12a-VD). Results: CRISPR/Cas12a-VD accurately detected target DNA at concentrations as low as 10 ^-18 M (single molecule detection) within 30 min without cross-reactivity against other bacteria. When detecting pure cultures of VP, the consistency of results reached 100% compared with real-time PCR. The method accurately analysed pure cultures and spiked shrimp samples at concentrations as low as 10 ² CFU/g. Conclusion The novel CRISPR/Cas12a-VD method for detecting VP performed better than traditional detection methods, such as real-time PCR, and has great potential for preventing the spread of pathogens.
CRISPR-Cas Systems ; Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques/methods* ; Recombinases/genetics* ; Vibrio parahaemolyticus/genetics*

OBJECTIVE: To screen the active components from Fuzheng Huayu Recipe (FZHY) and redesign a new recipe composed of the active components, and validate the effect of active components formulation from FZHY against liver fibrosis. METHODS: Thirty-two components from FZHY were evaluated for their activities against liver fibrosis respectively, with 6 kinds of cell models in vitro, including oxidative stressed hepatocyte in L-02, hypoxia injured/proliferative hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cells in SK-HEP-1 and human hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cells (HHSEC), and activated hepatic stellate cell in LX-2. The comprehensive activity of each component against liver fibrosis was scored according to the role of original herbs in FZHY and cell functions in fibrogenesis. Totally 7 active components were selected and combined with equal proportion to form a novel active components formulation (ACF). The efficacy of ACF on liver fibrosis were evaluated on activation of LX-2 and proliferation of HHSEC in vitro and in liver fibrosis model mice induced by dimethylnitrosamine (DMN). Totally 72 mice were divided into 6 groups using a random number table, including normal, high-dose ACF control (20 µ mol/L × 7 components/kg body weight), model, low-, medium-, high-dose ACF groups (5, 10, 20 µ mol/L × 7 components/kg body weight, respectively). Hematoxylin eosin and Sirius red stainings were used to observe inflammation and fibrosis change of liver tissue; scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were utilized to observe the effect of ACF on ultrastructure of hepatic sinusoids. RESULTS: Fifteen components from FZHY showed higher scores for their activity on against liver fibrosis. Among them, 7 components including tanshinone II A, salvianolic acid B, cordycepin, amygdalin, quercetin, protopanaxatriol, and schizandrin B were recombined with equal proportions to form ACF. ACF at 1,2, 4 µ mol/L showed strong inhibitory effects on activation of LX-2 and proliferation of HHSEC in vitro (all P<0.01). Compared with the model group, ACF attenuated liver collagen deposition, improved sinusoidal capillarization in a dose-dependent manner (all P<0.05). CONCLUSION ACF exerts a satisfactory effect against experimental liver fibrosis and attenuates sinusoidal capillarization, which warrant a further research and development for herbal components formulation on liver fibrosis.
Animals ; Body Weight ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/adverse effects* ; Endothelial Cells ; Liver ; Liver Cirrhosis/drug therapy* ; Mice