Accurate identification of endogenous and exogenous substances in food,particularly in competition supplies,is crucial for ensuring food safety and fair competition,as well as for protecting the legitimate rights and professional reputations of athletes.Testosterone(T)and dehydroepiandrosterone(DHEA)are important steroid hormones that can stimulate protein synthesis,increase the number and volume of muscle cells,and promote muscle growth and recovery.Both are often illegally used in the animal husbandry industry to promote animal growth and improve meat quality.However,current research in this area remains limited,and identification technologies require further investigation.This study focused on the techniques for identifying endogenous and exogenous hormones including T and DHEA in beef.A Soxhlet extraction method was established,reducing the pretreatment cycle to 110 min while achieving high extraction efficiency,with recovery rates of 102.5%for T and 91.9%for DHEA,respectively.Based on this,a gas chromatography-combustion-isotope ratio mass spectrometry(GC-C-IRMS)method was developed for analyzing carbon isotopes in T and DHEA,eliminating the need for derivatization.By adding reference materials to the extract,simultaneous measurement of reference materials and target analytes was achieved.The measurement of caffeine reference material,T and DHEA was completed within 40 min,with a measurement repeatability of 0.02‰.Theδ13C values of T and DHEA in standard substances,which may serve as exogenous additives,were determined using elemental analysis-isotope ratio mass spectrometry(EA-IRMS).The results indicated an average δ13C value of-29.44‰±0.81‰(k=1)for 10 T standards and-30.86‰±0.87‰(k=1)for 14 kinds of DHEA standards.This approach effectively distinguished between endogenous sources and exogenous addition of these two hormones in beef,thereby providing vital technical support for the assurance and supervision of food safety.

A QuEChERS cleanup-ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS/MS)method was established for simultaneous determination of traditional and emerging 71 kinds of per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFAS)in Chinese herbal medicine Eckloniae Thallus.The extraction solvent employed here was 0.2%formic acid-acetonitrile with sodium chloride-anhydrous sodium sulfate(3:1,m/m)as salting-out agent,and the purification was carried out using graphitized carbon black and octadecyl-bonded silica as adsorbents.The sample separation was carried out on a Horizon C18 chromatographic column(150 mm×2.1 mm,1.6 μm)by gradient elution with 2.5 mmol/L ammonium acetate aqueous solution(containing 2.5 mmol/L acetic acid)and acetonitrile as the mobile phases.The flow rate was set at 0.4 mL/min,with an injection volume of 5 μL.The chromatographic separation of each target compound and internal standard substance could be achieved within 15 min.An electrospray ion source was utilized for simultaneous scanning of positive and negative ions under the scheduled multiple reaction monitoring(sMRM)mode,and the internal standard method was used for quantitative analysis.The results of method validations showed that the 71 kinds of PFAS had good linearity,with a correlation coefficient(r)greater than 0.997,spiked recoveries of 76.2%?122.0%and relative standard deviations(RSDs)of 5.5%?14.8%.The limits of detection were in the range of 0.3-60 ng/kg and the limits of quantification were in the range of 0.8-199 ng/kg.The developed method was used for detection of PFAS in 14 batches of Eckloniae Thallus samples,and a total of 19 kinds of PFAS were detected.The findings indicated that PFAS residues were commonly present in Eckloniae Thallus,with perfluorocarboxylic acids(PFCAs)exhibiting the highest concentrations.The method was simple,robust and efficient in preparation,sensitive in detection with high throughput,and suitable for monitoring residual PFAS compounds,including both ionic and neutral in food-medicine homology samples such as Eckloniae Thallus.

Objective To investigate the relationship between deep medullary vein(DMV)score and enlarged perivascular space(EPVS)score with cranial MRI to explore the mechanisms of EPVS occurrence and development.Methods Totally 118 patients with cerebral small vessel disease in some hospital had their clinical and imaging data analyzed retrospectively.On T2-weighted images,EPVS scores ranging from 0 to 4 were assigned to the basal ganglia and centrum semiovale regions based on the number of EPVS.For DMV scoring on magnetic susceptibility weighted images,the brain lobes were divided into six regions,including bilateral frontal,parietal and occipital lobes,and scored according to the significance and continuity of the DMV signals(0 to 3 points),and the scores of the regions were summed up as the total DMV score(0 to 18 points).Spearman correlation analysis was employed to investigate the correlation between DMV and EPVS scores.Kruskal-Wallis test was used to analyze the differences among groups with different EPVS scores.Additionally,multinomial ordinal regression analysis was conducted to explore the factors influencing EPVS.Results No significant correlation was found between EPVS scores in centrum semiovale and DMV scores(r2=0.015,P=0.191),while DMV scores and EPVS scores in basal ganglia showed a significant positive correlation(r2=0.558,P<0.000 1).Univariate analysis revealed statisti-cally significant differences in age,hypertension and DMV scores when different scoring groups of EPVS in the basal ganglia region were compared(P<0.05);multinomial ordinal regression analysis showed that age,hypertension and DMV scores were independently correlated with EPVS scores in the basal ganglia region.Conclusion There is a positive correlation between DMV scores and EPVS scores in the basal ganglia.Age,hypertension,and DMV score are independent influe-ncing factors for EPVS in the basal ganglia region.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2025,46(4):52-56]

The advantages of wearable devices were introduced when applied in the field of maternal prenatal care.The current application situation of wearable devices was reviewed for monitoring maternal cardiovascular parameters,physiological and psychosocially perceived stress,physical activity,contraction and placental oxygenation and fetal movement and heart rate monitoring.The deficiencies of wearable devices involved in the field of maternal prenatal care were analyzed,and the future development directions were envisioned.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2025,46(10):106-113]

The advantages of wearable devices were introduced when applied in the field of maternal prenatal care.The current application situation of wearable devices was reviewed for monitoring maternal cardiovascular parameters,physiological and psychosocially perceived stress,physical activity,contraction and placental oxygenation and fetal movement and heart rate monitoring.The deficiencies of wearable devices involved in the field of maternal prenatal care were analyzed,and the future development directions were envisioned.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2025,46(10):106-113]

To compare and analyze the clinical manifestations,laboratory characteristics,imaging findings,and treatment outcomes of patients with acute and chronic brucellosis,a retrospective analysis was conducted on 258 patients with brucellosis(202 in the acute group and 56 in the chronic group)hospitalized in Xinkang Hospital in Dalad Banner,Ordos City,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,from November 2023 to November 2024.General data,epidemiological characteristics,clinical presentations,laboratory test results,imaging findings,treatment outcomes,and prognosis were collected.The incidences of fever(51.5%vs 7.1%),fatigue(30.2%vs 12.5%),joint pain(42.9%vs 16.1%),and muscle pain(9.9%vs.1.8%)were significantly higher in the acute phase group(all P<0.05).The incidence of osteoarthritis complications was higher in the chronic brucellosis group(51.8%vs 8.9%,χ2=75.697,P<0.01).Univariate ANOVA analysisshowed that the Serum Agglutination Tests(SAT),alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),total bilirubin(TBIL),creatinine(CRE),C-reactive protein(CRP),erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR),and bone destructionexhibited statistically significant differences between the acute and chronic phases of brucellosis(all P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that abnormal ALT(OR=14.18,95%CI:1.11-181.72;P=0.041)and bone destruction(OR=0.16,95%CI:0.04-0.63;P=0.009)were associated with chronic brucellosis.After treatment,all patients experienced have symptom relief in varying degrees,with 157 patients(60.9%)cured and 101 patients(39.1%)symptomatic improved(P<0.01).In conclusion,the incidences of fever,fatigue,and joint pain in patients during the acute phase is significantly higher than that those in patients during the chronic phase,while the incidence of osteoarthritis complications is higher in chronic phase patients.The incidences of abnormal SAT,ALT,AST,TBIL,CRE,CRP,and ESR,and bone destruction varies at different stages of brucellosis.Of those,abnormal ALT and bone destruction show a stronger association with,which can assist the clinical staging of brucellosis.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of zedoarondiol on neovascularization of atherosclerotic (AS) plaque by exosomes experiment. METHODS: ApoE^-/- mice were fed with high-fat diet to establish AS model and treated with high- and low-dose (10, 5 mg/kg daily) of zedoarondiol, respectively. After 14 weeks, the expressions of anti-angiogenic protein thrombospondin 1 (THBS-1) and its receptor CD36 in plaques, as well as platelet activation rate and exosome-derived miR-let-7a were detected. Then, zedoarondiol was used to intervene in platelets in vitro, and miR-let-7a was detected in platelet-derived exosomes (Pexo). Finally, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were transfected with miR-let-7a mimics and treated with Pexo to observe the effect of miR-let-7a in Pexo on tube formation. RESULTS: Animal experiments showed that after treating with zedoarondiol, the neovascularization density in plaques of AS mice was significantly reduced, THBS-1 and CD36 increased, the platelet activation rate was markedly reduced, and the miR-let-7a level in Pexo was reduced (P<0.01). In vitro experiments, the platelet activation rate and miR-let-7a levels in Pexo were significantly reduced after zedoarondiol's intervention. Cell experiments showed that after Pexo's intervention, the tube length increased, and the transfection of miR-let-7a minics further increased the tube length of cells, while reducing the expressions of THBS-1 and CD36. CONCLUSION Zedoarondiol has the effect of inhibiting neovascularization within plaque in AS mice, and its mechanism may be potentially related to inhibiting platelet activation and reducing the Pexo-derived miRNA-let-7a level.
Animals ; MicroRNAs/genetics* ; Exosomes/drug effects* ; Plaque, Atherosclerotic/genetics* ; Neovascularization, Pathologic/genetics* ; Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells/metabolism* ; Humans ; Blood Platelets/drug effects* ; Apolipoproteins E/deficiency* ; Thrombospondin 1/metabolism* ; CD36 Antigens/metabolism* ; Platelet Activation/drug effects* ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL

Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) resources are the essential material foundation for the development of TCM. The national survey of TCM resources serves as a periodic summary of these resources, ensuring the continuity, prosperity, and development of TCM in China. Since 1949, four national surveys of TCM resources have been conducted. The fourth survey incorporated an investigation into traditional knowledge related to TCM resources, including the traditional medicinal knowledge of Chinese ethnic minorities, with the goal of systematically exploring, preserving, and inheriting this knowledge. This manuscript provides an overview of the basic findings from the first three national surveys of TCM resources, while also clarifying the concepts, categories, forms, carriers, and acquisition pathways of traditional knowledge related to TCM resources. A preliminary summary of the findings from traditional knowledge investigations reported in current literature is also presented. Based on the fourth survey, this manuscript emphasizes the urgency of developing public medical knowledge through empirically-based investigations, the excavation, and compilation of traditional knowledge. It also outlines the potential for conducting "precise" investigations based on first-hand data obtained from the survey, as well as facilitating the discovery and evaluation of new medicines using traditional knowledge related to ethnic minority medicinal practices. This manuscript is expected to provide valuable insights for promoting the health and industrial development of ethnic minority populations in the post-"survey" phase.
Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; China/ethnology* ; Minority Groups ; Ethnicity ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use* ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice/ethnology* ; Surveys and Questionnaires

To compare and analyze the clinical manifestations,laboratory characteristics,imaging findings,and treatment outcomes of patients with acute and chronic brucellosis,a retrospective analysis was conducted on 258 patients with brucellosis(202 in the acute group and 56 in the chronic group)hospitalized in Xinkang Hospital in Dalad Banner,Ordos City,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,from November 2023 to November 2024.General data,epidemiological characteristics,clinical presentations,laboratory test results,imaging findings,treatment outcomes,and prognosis were collected.The incidences of fever(51.5%vs 7.1%),fatigue(30.2%vs 12.5%),joint pain(42.9%vs 16.1%),and muscle pain(9.9%vs.1.8%)were significantly higher in the acute phase group(all P<0.05).The incidence of osteoarthritis complications was higher in the chronic brucellosis group(51.8%vs 8.9%,χ2=75.697,P<0.01).Univariate ANOVA analysisshowed that the Serum Agglutination Tests(SAT),alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),total bilirubin(TBIL),creatinine(CRE),C-reactive protein(CRP),erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR),and bone destructionexhibited statistically significant differences between the acute and chronic phases of brucellosis(all P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that abnormal ALT(OR=14.18,95%CI:1.11-181.72;P=0.041)and bone destruction(OR=0.16,95%CI:0.04-0.63;P=0.009)were associated with chronic brucellosis.After treatment,all patients experienced have symptom relief in varying degrees,with 157 patients(60.9%)cured and 101 patients(39.1%)symptomatic improved(P<0.01).In conclusion,the incidences of fever,fatigue,and joint pain in patients during the acute phase is significantly higher than that those in patients during the chronic phase,while the incidence of osteoarthritis complications is higher in chronic phase patients.The incidences of abnormal SAT,ALT,AST,TBIL,CRE,CRP,and ESR,and bone destruction varies at different stages of brucellosis.Of those,abnormal ALT and bone destruction show a stronger association with,which can assist the clinical staging of brucellosis.

Cervical spinal cord injury without fracture-dislocation (CSCIWFD) is referred to as a special type of cervical spinal cord injury characterized by traumatic spinal cord dysfunction and no significant bony structural abnormalities on imagines. Duo to the high risk of missed diagnosis during the initial consultation, CSCIWFD may lead to progressive neurological deterioration or even complete paralysis, severely impacting patients′ prognosis. Currently, there are no established consensuses over the diagnosis and treatment of CSCIWFD, such as the lack of evidence-based standards for indications of non-surgical treatment and risk of secondary neurological injury, as well as debates over the optimal timing for surgical intervention and indications for different surgical approaches. To address these issues, the Spine Trauma Group of the Orthopedic Branch of the Chinese Medical Doctor Association organized experts in the relevant fields to formulate Diagnosis and treatment guideline for acute cervical spinal cord injury without fracture- dislocation in adults ( version 2025) . Based on evidence-based medicine and the principles of scientific rigor and clinical applicability, the guidelines proposed 11 recommendations covering terminology, diagnosis, evaluation treatment, and rehabilitation, etc., aiming to standardize the management of CSCIWFD.