OBJECTIVE: By analyzing the hormone secretion of the adenohypophysis, thyroid glands, gonads, and adrenal cortex in patients with hematological diseases before and after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), this study aims to preliminarily explore the effect of HSCT on patients' hormone secretion and glandular damage. METHODS: The baseline data of 209 hematological disease patients who underwent HSCT in our hospital from January 2019 to December 2023, as well as the data on the levels of hormones secreted by the adenohypophysis, thyroid glands, gonads and adrenal cortex before and after HSCT were collected, and the changes in hormone levels before and after transplantation were analyzed. RESULTS: After allogeneic HSCT, the levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), triiodothyronine (T3), free triiodothyronine (FT3) and estradiol (E2) decreased, while the levels of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle- stimulating hormone (FSH) increased. The T3 level of patients with decreased TSH after transplantation was lower than that of those with increased TSH after transplantation. In female patients, the levels of prolactin (PRL), progesterone (Prog), and testosterone (Testo) decreased after HSCT. Testo and PRL decreased when there was a donor-recipient sex mismatch, and the levels of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol (COR) decreased when the HLA matching was haploidentical. The levels of T3, FT3, and PRL decreased after autologous HSCT. In allogeneic HSCT patients, the levels of TSH, T4, T3, FT3, and ACTH in the group with graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) were significantly lower than those in the group without GVHD. Logistic regression analysis showed the changes in hormone levels after transplantation were not correlated with factors such as the patient's sex, age, or whether the blood types of the donor and the recipient are the same. CONCLUSION HSCT can affect the endocrine function of patients with hematological diseases, mainly affecting target glandular organs such as the thyroid, gonads, and adrenal glands, while the secretory function of the adenohypophysis is less affected.
Humans ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Female ; Male ; Hematologic Diseases/blood* ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone/blood* ; Triiodothyronine/blood* ; Luteinizing Hormone/blood* ; Thyroid Gland/metabolism* ; Estradiol/blood* ; Thyrotropin/blood* ; Gonads/metabolism* ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone/blood* ; Hormones/metabolism* ; Adrenal Cortex/metabolism* ; Prolactin

Objective To summarize the treatment of cervical cancer patients diagnosed before 34 weeks of gestation who chose to continue pregnancy,and to provide clinical experience for improving maternal and fetal outcomes.Methods Clinical data of pregnant women with cervical cancer admitted to the Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital,Fudan University from Jan 2013 to Feb 2024 were collected and analyzed.Treatment of patients diagnosed before 34 weeks of gestation and chose to continue pregnancy was summarized.Outcomes of patients and newborn were followed up.Results A total of 15 patients were enrolled with a median age of 34 years old.Nine cases(9/15)represented clinical symptom of abnormal vaginal bleeding,14 cases(14/15)of patients were diagnosed in the middle or late stages of pregnancy,12 cases(12/15)diagnosed with tumor size of more than 2 cm,13 patients(13/15)infected HPV type 16 or 18.The main pathological type was squamous cell carcinoma(9/15).Regarding therapy,one patient with stage Ⅰa1 was under observation and underwent a caesarean section and total hysterectomy at 35 weeks of gestation due to premature rupture of membrane and a scarred uterus.For the other patients with 14 stage Ⅰb,lymph node metastasis was excluded by pelvic lymphadenectomy or MRI,and then neoadjuvant chemotherapy was administered.Termination of pregnancy and standardized treatment for cervical cancer were provided after 34 weeks of gestation.One patient's pathology was upgraded to stage Ⅱa1 after surgery.Up to follow-up,13 out of 15 patients had survived without tumors.The average gestational age of newborns was(35.0±1.5)weeks,and the average birth weight was(2 345.33±431.44)g.Blood tests conducted one day after delivery of the newborns revealed that:8 newborns(8/15)had hypoleukocyte and one newborn(1/15)had anemia.After short-term hospitalization and supportive treatment,all newborns'progress was favorable.Conclusion For pregnant patients with stage Ⅰb cervical cancer diagnosed before 34 weeks of gestation,postponing termination to after 34 weeks of gestation through neoadjuvant chemotherapy and then giving standardized treatment for cervical cancer was safe with favorable maternal and fetal prognosis.

Radiation mainly comes from medical radiation,industrial radiation,nuclear waste and atmospheric ultraviolet radiation,etc.,radiation is divided into ionizing radiation and non-ionizing radiation.Studying the effects of ionizing and non-ionizing radiation on drug metabolism,understanding the absorption and distribution of drugs in the body after radiation and the speed of elimination under radiation conditions can provide reasonable guidance for clinical medication.This article reviews the effects of radiation on the pharmacokinetics of different drugs,elaborates the changes of different pharmacokinetics under radiation state,and discusses the reasons for the changes.

Objective To analyze and verify the role of senescent genes in the treatment,prognosis,and tumor microenvironment(TME)characteristics of osteoblastic osteosarcoma,bioinformatic methods were employed.Methods Senescent genes were obtained from the China National Genome Science database(https://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/aging/index).The gene expression profile and clinical information of osteosarcoma patients were sourced from the TARGET database(https://ocg.cancer.gov/programs/target),while single-cell RNA-sequencing(scRNA-seq)data was collected from GSE162454 on the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO)for downstream analysis.Osteosarcoma cells were classified based on scRNA-seq,and differential expression analysis between osteoblasts/chondroblasts and other cell types was conducted to identify differently expressed genes(DEGs).After matching with the senescent genes,prognostic senescent DEGs were identified through univariable and multivariable Cox regression analysis.Subsequently,the osteosarcoma senescent-related model(OSRM)was constructed,and the risk score was calculated.The role of OSRM in treatment,prognosis,and TME of osteosarcoma was further investigated.Results The analysis revealed that GSE162454 contained 6 osteosarcoma samples,with 19933 cells identified after filtering,quality control,and normalization.Seventeen cellular subtypes were identified using uniform manifold approximation and projection(UMAP)methods.A total of 4821 DEGs were found between osteoblasts/chondroblasts and other subtypes,with 132 senescent DEGs obtained after matching with the senescent gene set.In the TARGET database,4 prognostic senescent DEGs[ADH5(alcohol dehydrogenase 5),ARHGAP1(Rho GTPase activating protein 1),APOE(apolipoprotein E),and ATF4(activating transcription factor 4)]were identified through univariable and multivariable Cox analyses to construct OSRM.Based on risk score,patients were stratified into high-and low-risk groups,with the latter showing better prognosis(HR=0.13,95%CI 0.06-0.28,P<0.001)and higher sensitivity to immune checkpoint inhibitors.qRT-PCR and Western blotting confirmed the high expression of senescent genes ADH5(P<0.01),APOE(P<0.01),and ATF4(P<0.05)in the K7M2 osteosarcoma cell line,suggesting the potential for predicting the response to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy for osteosarcoma.Conclusions scRNA-seq facilitated the division of osteosarcoma into 17 cell subtypes.ADH5,ARHGAP1,APOE,and ATF4 emerged as potential cancer-promoting or suppressing senescent genes in osteosarcoma.OSRM was found to be associated with treatment response,prognosis,and TME characteristics,thereby promoting the molecular pathological diagnosis of osteoblastic osteosarcoma and prediction for anti-PD-1 immunotherapy.

The ultimate goal of cardiac arrest-cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CA-CPR) is to reduce brain damage and promote neurological recovery. Although the return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) has improved, the proportion of patients who survive to discharge is very low, so how to evaluate the recovery of brain function after resuscitation is particularly important in clinical work. From a clinical perspective, although early prognostic indicators are not perfect, identifying high-risk features may help clinicians determine the severity of brain injury caused by a patient's potential course of disease. This review, based on recent literature, selects several commonly used clinical brain function evaluation indicators to provide theoretical and practical support for assessing brain function recovery in patients after CPR.
Humans ; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation/methods* ; Heart Arrest/physiopathology* ; Brain/physiopathology* ; Recovery of Function ; Prognosis

Aim To explore the effect of γ-ray on the mRNA,protein expression levels and metabolic activity level of the key drug metabolic enzyme CYP3A1 in rat liver. Methods Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group, 24 h post-radiation group and 72 h post-radiation group. The experimental group was exposed to total body irradiation of single 6 Gy γ-ray. Blood was collected from the orbital venous plexus for blood routine examination and biochemical analysis 24 h and 72 h after irradiation, and liver tissue was prepared for quantifying expression of CYP3A1 mRNA and liver-specific microRNA (miR-122-5p) through RT-PCR. The expression level of CYP3A1 protein was analyzed by Western blot, and the metabolic activity level of CYP3A1 detected by the specific substrate midazolam combined with LC-MS method. Results Com¬pared with the control group, the weights of the rats in the radiation group significantly decreased, and the number of white blood cells was markedly reduced. Simultaneously, the activities of alanine aminotrans-ferase and alkaline phosphatase continuously descended, as well as the levels of total bilirubin and bile acid significantly increased, which indicated that the liver may be damaged after radiation. The relative expression of CYP3A1 mRNA continued to increase significantly 24 h and 72 h after irradiation. CYP3A1 protein expression and metabolic activity levels showed an obvious increasing trend 24 h after irradiation, and rose significantly 72 h after irradiation compared with the control group. At the same time, the expression of miR-122-5p in liver of rats in the 24 h and 72 h post-radiation group continued to decrease rapidly compared with the control group. Conclusions γ-ray radiation may arouse damage effect on liver, which leads to the continuous up-regulation of the mRNA and protein expression levels of the capital metabolic enzyme CYP3A1 in liver tissue, as well as the elevation of the metabolic activity level. The regulatory mechanism might be related to miR-122-5p.

The Guidelines for prevention and treatment of colorectal adenoma with integrated Chinese and western medicine are put forward by Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine and approved by China Association of Chinese Medicine. According to the formulation processes and methods of relevant clinical practice guidelines, the experts in clinical medicine and methodology were organized to discuss the key problems to be addressed in the clinical prevention and treatment of colorectal adenoma(CRA) and provided answers following the evidence-based medicine method, so as to provide guidance for clinical decision-making. CRA is the major precancerous disease of colorectal cancer. Although the prevention and treatment with integrated Chinese and western medicine have been applied to the clinical practice of CRA, there is still a lack of high-quality guidelines. Four basic questions, 15 clinical questions, and 10 outcome indicators were determined by literature research and Delphi questionnaire. The relevant randomized controlled trial(RCT) was retrieved from CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, SinoMed, PubMed, EMbase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and 2 clinical trial registries, and finally several RCTs meeting the inclusion criteria were included. The data extracted from the RCT was imported into RevMan 5.3 for evidence synthesis, and the evidence was evaluated based on the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations(GRADE). The final recommendations were formed by the nominal group method based on the evidence summary table. The guidelines involve the diagnosis, screening, treatment with integrated Chinese and western medicine, prevention, and follow-up of colorectal adenoma, providing options for the clinical prevention and treatment of CRA.
Humans ; Adenoma/prevention & control* ; Colorectal Neoplasms/prevention & control* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use* ; Evidence-Based Medicine ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional

Humans ; Consensus ; Hypersensitivity ; Desensitization, Immunologic/adverse effects* ; Immunotherapy/adverse effects* ; Injections, Subcutaneous ; Allergens

Objective: Compare and analyze the results of the domestic Lanyi AH600 glycated hemoglobin analyzer and other different detection systems to understand the comparability of the detection results of different detectors, and establish the best cut point of Lanyi AH600 determination of haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) in the diagnosis of diabetes. Methods: Multi center cohort study was adopted. The clinical laboratory departments of 18 medical institutions independently collected test samples from their respective hospitals from March to April 2022, and independently completed comparative analysis of the evaluated instrument (Lanyi AH600) and the reference instrument HbA1c. The reference instruments include four different brands of glycosylated hemoglobin meters, including Arkray, Bio-Rad, DOSOH, and Huizhong. Scatter plot was used to calculate the correlation between the results of different detection systems, and the regression equation was calculated. The consistency analysis between the results of different detection systems was evaluated by Bland Altman method. Consistency judgment principles: (1) When the 95% limits of agreement (95% LoA) of the measurement difference was within 0.4% HbA1c and the measurement score was≥80 points, the comparison consistency was good; (2) When the measurement difference of 95% LoA exceeded 0.4% HbA1c, and the measurement score was≥80 points, the comparison consistency was relatively good; (3) The measurement score was less than 80 points, the comparison consistency was poor. The difference between the results of different detection systems was tested by paired sample T test or Wilcoxon paired sign rank sum test; The best cut-off point of diabetes was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). Results: The correlation coefficient R² of results between Lanyi AH600 and the reference instrument in 16 hospitals is≥0.99; The Bland Altman consistency analysis showed that the difference of 95% LoA in Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital in Jiangsu Province (reference instrument: Arkray HA8180) was -0.486%-0.325%, and the measurement score was 94.6 points (473/500); The difference of 95% LoA in the Tibetan Traditional Medical Hospital of TAR (reference instrument: Bio-Rad Variant II) was -0.727%-0.612%, and the measurement score was 89.8 points; The difference of 95% LoA in the People's Hospital of Chongqing Liang Jiang New Area (reference instrument: Huizhong MQ-2000PT) was -0.231%-0.461%, and the measurement score was 96.6 points; The difference of 95% LoA in the Taihe Hospital of traditional Chinese Medicine in Anhui Province (reference instrument: Huizhong MQ-2000PT) was -0.469%-0.479%, and the measurement score was 91.9 points. The other 14 hospitals, Lanyi AH600, were compared with 4 reference instrument brands, the difference of 95% LoA was less than 0.4% HbA1c, and the scores were all greater than 95 points. The results of paired sample T test or Wilcoxon paired sign rank sum test showed that there was no statistically significant difference between Lanyi AH600 and the reference instrument Arkray HA8180 (Z=1.665,P=0.096), with no statistical difference. The mean difference between the measured values of the two instruments was 0.004%. The comparison data of Lanyi AH600 and the reference instrument of all other institutions had significant differences (all P<0.001), however, it was necessary to consider whether it was within the clinical acceptable range in combination with the results of the Bland-Altman consistency analysis. The ROC curve of HbA1c detected by Lanyi AH600 in 985 patients with diabetes and 3 423 patients with non-diabetes was analyzed, the area under curve (AUC) was 0.877, the standard error was 0.007, and the 95% confidence interval 95%CI was (0.864, 0.891), which was statistically significant (P<0.001). The maximum value of Youden index was 0.634, and the corresponding HbA1c cut point was 6.235%. The sensitivity and specificity of diabetes diagnosis were 76.2% and 87.2%, respectively. Conclusion: Among the hospitals and instruments currently included in this study, among these four hospitals included Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital in Jiangsu Province (reference instrument: Arkray HA8180), Tibetan Traditional Medical Hospital of TAR (reference instrument: Bio-Rad Variant Ⅱ), the People's Hospital of Chongqing Liang Jiang New Area (reference instrument: Huizhong MQ-2000PT), and the Taihe Hospital of traditional Chinese Medicine in Anhui Province (reference instrument: Huizhong MQ-2000PT), the comparison between Lanyi AH600 and the reference instruments showed relatively good consistency, while the other 14 hospitals involved four different brands of reference instruments: Arkray, Bio-Rad, DOSOH, and Huizhong, Lanyi AH600 had good consistency with its comparison. The best cut point of the domestic Lanyi AH600 for detecting HbA1c in the diagnosis of diabetes is 6.235%.
Pregnancy ; Child ; Humans ; Female ; Glycated Hemoglobin ; Cohort Studies ; Diabetes Mellitus/diagnosis* ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; ROC Curve

Objective:To investigate the impact of retaining part of the urethral mucosa on postoperative urinary control,erec-tile function,and ejaculatory function in patients undergoing holmium laser enucleation of the prostate(HoLEP)surgery.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 176 benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH)patients who underwent surgical treatment at our hospital from January 2019 to January 2022,including 80 cases of modified HoLEP surgery and 96 cases of standard HoLEP surgery.Preoperative and postoperative clinical data were collected and analyzed.Results:At 3 months postoperatively,both groups showed significant improvement in maximum flow rate(Qmax),International Prostate Symptom Score(IPSS),residual urine volume(RUV),and quality of life(QOL)compared to pre-treatment values,with statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).There was a sig-nificant difference in QOL scores between the experimental and control groups(P＜0.05).At 3 months postoperatively,the incidence of urinary incontinence was significantly lower in the experimental group compared to the control group(P＜0.05).At 6 months post-operatively,both groups showed a significant increase in International Index of Erectile Function-5(IIEF-5)scores compared to preop-erative values(P＜0.05),with no significant difference between the two groups.The incidence of retrograde ejaculation in the exper-imental group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P＜0.05).Conclusions:Retaining part of the urethral mucosa in HoLEP surgery can effectively treat BPH,providing significant advantages in terms of urinary control and playing a positive role in o-verall postoperative sexual function recovery.