Objective To explore the feasibility and reference value of allogeneic lung transplantation and postoperative monitoring in miniature pigs for lung transplantation research. Methods Two miniature pigs (R1 and R2) underwent left lung allogeneic transplantation. Complement-dependent cytotoxicity tests and blood cross-matching were performed before surgery. The main operative times and partial pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO₂) after opening the pulmonary artery were recorded during surgery. Postoperatively, routine blood tests, biochemical blood indicators and inflammatory factors were detected, and pathological examinations of multiple organs were conducted. Results The complement-dependent cytotoxicity test showed that the survival rate of lymphocytes between donors and recipients was 42.5%-47.3%, and no agglutination reaction occurred in the cross-matching. The first warm ischemia times of D1 and D2 were 17 min and 10 min, respectively, and the cold ischemia times were 246 min and 216 min, respectively. Ultimately, R1 and R2 survived for 1.5 h and 104 h, respectively. Postoperatively, in R1, albumin (ALB) and globulin (GLB) decreased, and alanine aminotransferase increased; in R2, ALB, GLB and aspartate aminotransferase all increased. Urea nitrogen and serum creatinine increased in both recipients. Pathological results showed that in R1, the transplanted lung had partial consolidation with inflammatory cell infiltration, and multiple organs were congested and damaged. In R2, the transplanted lung had severe necrosis with fibrosis, and multiple organs had mild to moderate damage. The expression levels of interleukin-1β and interleukin-6 increased in the transplanted lungs. Conclusions The allogeneic lung transplantation model in miniature pigs may systematically evaluate immunological compatibility, intraoperative function and postoperative organ damage. The data obtained may provide technical references for subsequent lung transplantation research.

BackgroundThe violent aggressive behaviors of patients with schizophrenia usually have the characteristics of suddenness， unpredictability， high severity， and great difficulty in prevention. Early identification and accurate assessment of their risk of violent aggression have significant clinical significance. ObjectiveTo construct a predictive model for the violence risk in hospitalized patients with schizophrenia， to identify the key factors influencing the occurrence of violent behavior in these patients， so as to provide references for clinical precise quantitative assessment and early intervention. MethodsA total of 200 patients with schizophrenia who were hospitalized at Taiyuan Psychiatric Hospital from March 2022 to September 2024 and met the diagnostic criteria of the International Classification of Diseases， eleventh edition （ICD-11） were collected to form the modeling cohort. They were randomly divided into a training set （n=140） and a test set （n=60） at a ratio of 7∶3. Based on the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator （LASSO） regression algorithm， the feature variables were screened and dimension-reduced. The support vector machine （SVM） from machine learning was selected for model training and prediction. The discrimination efficacy of the model was evaluated by the area under the receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve （AUC）， accuracy， precision， sensitivity， specificity， F1 value， and Brier value. ResultsLASSO regression screening identified 16 feature variables. Pearson correlation analysis revealed a positive correlation between prior violent behavior frequency and clinical psychiatric symptom scores （r=0.580， P<0.01）， a positive correlation between hospitalization compliance and current disease status （r=0.550， P=0.003）， and a positive correlation between educational level and family per capita monthly income （r=0.367， P<0.01）. The SVM model achieved an AUC of 0.853， accuracy of 0.800， precision of 0.810， sensitivity of 0.895， specificity of 0.636， F1 value of 0.850， and Brier value of 0.168. ConclusionThe SVM model has a relatively high level of applicability and overall predictive performance in the assessment of violent risk in schizophrenia patients， which is helpful for the early identification of violent risks in such patients. ［Funded by Specialized Research Project for Enhancing the Competence of Health Professionals in Taiyuan City （number， Y2023006）］

ObjectiveTo conduct an investigation on the clinical， nursing， and medical technical staff engaged in biomedical research in five affiliated hospitals of a medical university， explore the current status and influencing factors of their medical scientific research ethical cognition， and provide references for further strengthening medical ethics education and scientific research ethics construction. MethodsThe survey data were collected through Questionnaire Star， with a total of 541 valid questionnaires returned. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 18.0 software. ResultsThe medical staff demonstrated moderate mastery of scientific research ethics knowledge， with an average score of （8.00±4.47） points. The factors influencing their mastery of scientific research ethics knowledge primarily encompassed learning medical ethics-related courses both in academic education and on-the-job stage and including them in compulsory courses， participation in biomedical research， engagement in publishing academic papers， and experience in ethical review. Factors affecting medical staff’s cognition level of scientific research ethics mainly included professional title， academic qualifications， professional and technical fields， overseas experience， and work experience as a member of the biomedical research ethics committee. ConclusionMedical staff hold a basically positive attitude towards scientific research ethics， yet exhibit significant deficiencies in their knowledge system and practical capabilities. It is necessary to improve the scientific research ethics cognition level of the target population from multiple dimensions， including academic education， medical institutions， ethical review agencies， and medical staff themselves.

ObjectiveTo investigate the expression level of mammalian sterile 20-like kinase 1 （MST1） in prostate cancer （PCa） tissues， its biological functions， and its regulatory effects on androgen receptor （AR） and vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF） expression. MethodsImmunohistochemistry was performed to detect MST1 expression in 77 prostate cancer tissues and 34 benign prostatic hyperplasia （BPH） tissues， and the relationship between MST1 expression and clinicopathological parameters was analyzed. MST1-overexpressing C4-2 and LNCaP cell lines were constructed. CCK-8 assay， Transwell migration assay， and angiogenesis assay were conducted to evaluate the effects of MST1 on cell proliferation， migration， and angiogenesis. The expression changes of AR and VEGF were detected by qRT-PCR and Western blot. ResultsMST1 expression was significantly lower in PCa tissues compared with BPH tissues （P=0.012）. Low MST1 expression was significantly associated with tumor metastasis （P=0.033）. MST1 overexpression inhibited C4-2 cell proliferation and migration， with transmembrane migrated cells reduced by 53.6% （P<0.01）. MST1 overexpression decreased the mRNA and protein expression levels of AR and VEGF （P<0.05）. Angiogenesis assay demonstrated that the length of new vessel structure was significantly reduced （P<0.05）. ConclusionMST1 shows a low expression level in PCa tissues and is associated with tumor metastasis. MST1 exerts tumor-suppressive effects in prostate cancer by inhibiting cell proliferation， migration， and angiogenesis， as well as downregulating the expression of AR and VEGF， indicating its potential as a therapeutic target for prostate cancer.

Objective:To investigate the predictive value of transabdominal uterine electromyography for pre-term labor after tocolysis in women with threatened preterm labor.Methods:A total of 48 pregnant women at 28-34 weeks of gestation diagnosed with threatened preterm labor and admitted to The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soo-chow University from January to September 2023 were included.According to the response to tocolysis and whether the pregnancy was prolonged for at least 48 h,women were divided into two groups:non-preterm birth within 48 h(n=35)and preterm birth within 48 h(n=13).Uterine electromyography parameters and difference were compared before and after tocolytic therapy in two groups.Univariate Logistic regression was performed to predict the related factors of preterm birth within 48 h after the using of tocolysis in pregnant women with threat-ened preterm birth by uterine electromyography,and receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was per-formed to evaluate their performance.Results:Compared to before treatment with tocolysis,after therapy,in the non-preterm birth within 48 h group,significant reductions in contraction frequency,area,duration and amplitude were observed(P<0.05).In the preterm birth within 48 h group,only contraction frequency decreased significant-ly(P<0.05).Univariate Logistic regression indicated that contraction frequency,contraction duration,and contrac-tion area were predictive factors for premature birth within 48 h after tocolysis(P<0.05).When the duration of u-terine contractions lasting for 104.55 s or more the sensitivity and specificity of predicting premature birth within 48 h are 92.3％and 68.6％,respectively.Conclusions:Uterine electromyography may predict the premature birth within 48 h after tocolytic treatment in preterm labor,which may provide reference for subsequent corticosteroid therapy or transfer of high-risk pregnant patients.

Objective:To systematically evaluate the incidence and risk factors of acute kidney injury (AKI) induced by vancomycin in pediatric patients.Methods:Databases of PubMed, Embase, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, Chinese Biomedical Database (CBM) were searched and articles about the risk factors of AKI induced by vancomycin in pediatric patients from inception to June 2024 were collected. Quality assessment was performed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for the included studies. Meta-analysis of the data for relevant exposure factors extracted from the included literature was conducted using Rev Man 5.4. The strength of association between the exposure factors and AKI was expressed using the odds ratio ( OR) and its 95% confidence interval ( CI). Results:A total of 13 studies were entered, involving 11 073 patients. Of them, 1 388 patients were in AKI group and 9 685 patients in non-AKI group. The incidence of AKI was 12.53%, ranging from 4.62% to 27.07%. The quality evaluation results showed that the 13 documents were all of high-quality (NOS score ≥7 points). Meta-analysis showed that admission to intensive care unit (ICU) ( OR=2.39, 95% CI: 1.59-3.59, P<0.001), vancomycin using time ≥7 d ( OR=2.19, 95% CI: 1.44-3.34 P=0.003), vancomycin steady-state trough concentration ≥15 mg/L ( OR=2.98, 95% CI: 2.22-4.01, P<0.001), combined with nephrotoxic drugs ≥2 kinds ( OR=2.92, 95% CI=1.84-4.64, P<0.001), combined with piperacillin sodium and tazobactam sodium ( OR=2.71, 95% CI: 1.72- 4.27, P<0.001), combined with carbapenem ( OR=2.36, 95% CI: 1.36-4.10, P=0.002), combined with aminoglycosides ( OR=1.78, 95% CI: 1.35-2.35, P<0.001), combined with loop diuretics ( OR=3.16, 95% CI: 2.36- 4.23, P<0.001), combined with amphotericin B ( OR=2.26, 95% CI: 1.35-3.79, P=0.002), combined with contrast medium ( OR=2.34, 95% CI: 1.04-5.25, P=0.040), and combined with aciclovir ( OR=1.74, 95% CI: 1.04-2.84, P=0.030) were all risk factors of AKI induced by vancomycin in pediatric patients. Conclusions:The incidence of vancomycin-related AKI in pediatric patients was 12.53%. Admission to ICU, vancomycin trough concentration ≥15 mg/L, medication time ≥7 d, and concomitant use of ≥2 nephrotoxic drugs and etc.were risk factors of vancomycin-related AKI.

To investigate the feasibility and advantages of "Axis Coordinate Localization Method" combined with total endoscopic technique for parotid surgery. A total of 31 patients with parotid gland tumors who were admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2022 to August 2024 were included in this study. The cohort comprised 11 males and 20 females, with age of (38.9±13.9) years and a maximum tumor diameter of (19.34±6.89) mm. Among these cases, 93.5% (29/31) involved the superficial lobe and 6.5%(2/31) the deep lobe of the parotid gland. The "axial" localization method was utilized to plan the surgical approach: establishing a coordinate system with the earlobe as the origin, the surface projection of the parotid duct as the x-axis, and a perpendicular line through the origin as the y-axis. The incision type-pre-tragal, retroauricular groove, or postauricular hairline-was selected according to the position of the tumor′s surface projection center within this coordinate system. All operations were performed using a complete endoscopic technique for tumor and glandular tissue resection. Postoperative facial nerve function was assessed with the House-Brackmann grading scale, while patient incision satisfaction, impact on work and daily life, and facial symmetry were quantitatively evaluated using a Numerical Rating Scale (10-point system).　All 31 patients successfully underwent the procedure. Short-term postoperative complications included temporary facial paralysis in 1 case (3.2%), periauricular numbness in 1 case (3.2%), surgical site effusion in 1 case (3.2%), and subcutaneous hematoma in 1 case (3.2%). All complications resolved after appropriate management. During follow-up, there were no instances of sialocele, Frey syndrome, incision infection, or tumor recurrence. Patient ratings were as follows: incision satisfaction (9.42±0.78), impact of surgery on daily life (1.32±0.60), and facial symmetry (9.29±0.78). The one case of temporary facial paralysis recovered 3 months after surgery. The combination of the "Axial" localization method and fully endoscopic technique demonstrates clear clinical feasibility in parotid tumor resection. This approach enables rapid and personalized incision selection based on tumor location, while the endoscopic minimally invasive technique reduces tissue trauma, improves cosmetic outcomes, and enhances surgical safety. It provides a new minimally invasive treatment pathway for patients with benign parotid tumors.

In recent years,adoptive T cell immunotherapy has become a research hotspot in cancer treat-ment,in which the directional homing of T cells to tumor tissues is the core of the anti-tumor immune re-sponse,which is closely related to good clinical treatment outcomes.However,the infiltration of T cells into solid tumors remains challenging due to the complex tumor microenvironment,tumor vasculature bar-riers,and loss of chemotaxis signals.This review systematically outlines the migration pathways of T cell homing,including blood homing after intravenous infusion,transvascular endothelial migration,and its infiltration into targeted solid tumor tissues.On this basis,we also explore the regulatory mechanism of T cell homing,especially the synergistic relationship between the chemokine-receptor axis,and the effects of tumor vascular abnormalities,tumor microenvironment(TME)-shaped infiltration barriers,and tumor stromal barriers on T cell homing.In response to the above obstacles,three main strategies to enhance the homing efficiency of T cells are reviewed.First,chemokine receptors(e.g.,CXCR2,CXCR6)are modified to match tumor chemotaxis signals,or immune checkpoint molecules(PD-1,LAG-3,SHP-1)are knocked out to reverse T cell exhaustion by CRISPR gene editing or lentiviral transduction technolo-gy.Second,targeting the VEGF/VEGFR axis combined with ATCT can promote vascular normalization and improve T cell infiltration.Third,the combination of local therapy(radiotherapy,oncolytic virus)or systemic drugs(chemotherapy,immune checkpoint inhibitors,etc.)can improve the homing of T cells by remodeling tumor TME.These strategies will provide a theoretical basis and research direction for a-doptive T cell immunotherapy in the treatment of solid tumors.

Objective To establish the reference interval of urine Alzheimer-associated neuronal thread protein(AD7c-NTP)for healthy adults in Mianyang area using the indirect method.Methods The detection results of urine AD7c-NTP from 5 093 healthy in-dividuals were collected from the information management database of Medical Laboratory Department of Sichuan Science City Hospital from March 2017 to March 2022.Skewness-kurtosis and Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests were used to determine whether the data followed a normal distribution.After removing outliers using the Box Plots method,the enrolled subjects were grouped by gender and age.The Mann-Whitney U or Kruska-Wallis H tests were used to analyze the between-group differences of urine AD7c-NTP in healthy individu-als with different genders and ages.The adjacent age groups without statistically significant difference(P＞0.05)were combined,and the indirect method(non-parametric test method)was used to calculate the reference intervals for different gender and age groups.Results Skewness-kurtosis and Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests showed that the data followed a non-normal distribution.After removing 293 outliers using the Box Plots method,a total of 4 800 subjects,including 3 199 males and 1 601 females,were enrolled.The enrolled subjects were grouped by gender and age,and the non-parametric test method were used to establish the reference intervals of urine AD7c-NTP in healthy populations with different genders.The Mann-Whitney U test confirmed that urine AD7c-NTP levels existed gen-der differences(Z=14.09,P＜0.01),and the reference intervals for males and females were≤1.10 ng/mL and≤1.40 ng/mL,re-spectively.There were also statistical differences in urine AD7c-NTP levels among different age groups of the same gender.After combi-ning adjacent age groups without statistically significant difference(P＞0.05),the reference intervals of urine AD7c-NTP in healthy populations with different genders and ages were established by the non-parametric test method,which were≤1.00 ng/mL for male 20-39 years old group,≤1.10 ng/mL for male 40-79 years old group,≤1.60 ng/mL for male≥80 years old group,≤1.30 ng/mL for female 20-69 years old group,and≤1.60 ng/mL for female≥70 years old group,respectively.The established reference intervals of urine AD7c-NTP were further verified by healthy individuals,and the results met the standards.Conclusion The reference intervals of urine AD7c-NTP in healthy populations with different genders and ages in Mianyang area are established successfully using the indi-rect method,which may help to predict the risk of Alzheimer's disease in clinical practice and provide support for the diagnosis and treatment of the disease.

N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification, as a widespread and high-profile type of epigenetic modification, can dynamically and reversibly regulate the whole process of RNA metabolism. This modification governs RNA stability, splicing, and translation via m6A regulators, which are categorized as Writers, Erasers, and Readers. m6A modification also plays a critical role in the development of tumors. Disruptions in the homeostasis of m6A modification levels lead to dysregulation of m6A regulators. Consequently, these dysregulated regulators modulate the proliferation, migration, and invasion of tumor cells and interfere with the normal functions of suppressor genes and oncogenes. This article aims to comprehensively elucidate the specific regulatory impacts of m6A modification on tumor-related gene expression. It focuses on the regulatory mechanisms of m6A modification on mRNA stability. Additionally, it explores the influence of m6A on the molecular translation of key signaling pathways. Moreover, it investigates the indirect regulatory effects mediated by non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), etc. The intention is to offer a novel analysis of the pathogenesis of cancer at a new level, and also provide a theoretical basis for finding new effective treatment methods.