Retrieving keyframes most relevant to text from small intestine videos with given labels can efficiently and accurately locate pathological regions. However, training directly on raw video data is extremely slow, while learning visual representations from image-text datasets leads to computational inconsistency. To tackle this challenge, a small bowel video keyframe retrieval based on multi-modal contrastive learning (KRCL) is proposed. This framework fully utilizes textual information from video category labels to learn video features closely related to text, while modeling temporal information within a pretrained image-text model. It transfers knowledge learned from image-text multimodal models to the video domain, enabling interaction among medical videos, images, and text data. Experimental results on the hyper-spectral and Kvasir dataset for gastrointestinal disease detection (Hyper-Kvasir) and the Microsoft Research video-to-text (MSR-VTT) retrieval dataset demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of KRCL, with the proposed method achieving state-of-the-art performance across nearly all evaluation metrics.
Humans ; Video Recording ; Intestine, Small/diagnostic imaging* ; Machine Learning ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted/methods* ; Algorithms

Ferritin is considered as an ideal delivery system due to its precise targeting, reversible self-assembly, high biocompatibility, and easy modification. this study aims to express, purify, and identify three fusion ferritin proteins, and explore their tumor targeting. Three fusion ferritin genes were synthesized and cloned into prokaryotic expression vectors, and the recombinant proteins were purified by affinity chromatography with nickel columns. The fusion ferritin proteins were identified by native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (native-PAGE), Western blotting, and circular dichroism. Fluorescein 5-isothiocyanate (FITC) was used to react with fusion ferritin, and confocal laser scanning microscopy was employed to evaluate the tumor targeting of fusion ferritin. The reaction system of sulfo-cyanine7 (Cy7-SE) with fusion ferritin was injected into the tail vein of melanoma mice for in vivo tumor imaging to explore the tumor targeting of fusion ferritin. The results showed that soluble fusion ferritin proteins of about 21 kDa were expressed under the induction by isopropylthio-β-d-galactoside (IPTG), and the recombinant proteins with high purity were obtained. Western blotting showed that the recombinant proteins could be recognized by the corresponding antibodies. The target proteins were identified as multimers with α helixes by native-PAGE and circular dichroism. In vitro and in vivo tumor uptake experiments demonstrated that fusion ferritin was taken up by tumor cells and tumor tissue. This study successfully expressed, purified, and identified fusion ferritin, and verified its tumor uptake in vitro and in vivo, which laid a foundation for the application of ferritin in biomedicine.
Animals ; Mice ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/isolation & purification* ; Ferritins/metabolism* ; Escherichia coli/metabolism* ; Melanoma, Experimental/metabolism* ; Humans

Objective To investigate the clinical and radiological features of osteofibrous dysplasia(OFD),and to improve the diagnostic accuracy of OFD and reduce the misdiagnosis rate.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical and radiological data of 21 patients with OFD confirmed by surgical pathology.Results Among the 21 patients,the imaging manifestations showed that the lesions were mainly located within the anterior cortex of the tibia,presenting as cystic expansile bone destruction with corti-cal expansion and thinning,protruding into the medullary cavity.Within the lesions,unequal thickness linear bony septations were visible,resembling soap-bubble changes,along with patchy ground-glass density shadow.A sclerotic rim was observed surrounding the lesions,with a clear boundary from normal tissue.No obvious soft tissue mass or periosteal reaction was noted in all cases.On MRI,the majority of the lesions exhibited prolonged T,and T2 signals,with linear hypointense separations observed within the lesions.No significant edema was noted in the surrounding bone and soft tissues,although a minor degree of bone marrow edema was present.All patients underwent surgical treatment.Fifteen patients were followed up for review,ranging from 3 to 38 months postoperatively.Among them,9 patients had no recurrence,while 6 patients experienced recurrence,manifesting as new lytic bone destruction in the surgical area.Conclusion The radiological manifestations of OFD are characteristic,and an accurate diagnosis can be made for typical cases in combination with the patient's age,location of the lesion and clinical presentation.Due to the high recurrence rate after OFD sur-gery,regular follow-up is recommended.

Plantar fasciitis(PF)is a primary cause of heel pain(HP).Platelet-rich plasma(PRP),as an emerging biological treatment method,possesses unique biological characteristics,showing significant dual therapeutic advantages in suppressing inflammation and promoting tissue repair.This article reviews the pathogenesis of PF,the biological characteristics of PRP and its application in pain management and functional prognosis assessment of PF,particularly focusing on PRP in improving plantar fascia thickness(PFT).

Plantar fasciitis(PF)is a primary cause of heel pain(HP).Platelet-rich plasma(PRP),as an emerging biological treatment method,possesses unique biological characteristics,showing significant dual therapeutic advantages in suppressing inflammation and promoting tissue repair.This article reviews the pathogenesis of PF,the biological characteristics of PRP and its application in pain management and functional prognosis assessment of PF,particularly focusing on PRP in improving plantar fascia thickness(PFT).

Objective To investigate the clinical and radiological features of osteofibrous dysplasia(OFD),and to improve the diagnostic accuracy of OFD and reduce the misdiagnosis rate.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical and radiological data of 21 patients with OFD confirmed by surgical pathology.Results Among the 21 patients,the imaging manifestations showed that the lesions were mainly located within the anterior cortex of the tibia,presenting as cystic expansile bone destruction with corti-cal expansion and thinning,protruding into the medullary cavity.Within the lesions,unequal thickness linear bony septations were visible,resembling soap-bubble changes,along with patchy ground-glass density shadow.A sclerotic rim was observed surrounding the lesions,with a clear boundary from normal tissue.No obvious soft tissue mass or periosteal reaction was noted in all cases.On MRI,the majority of the lesions exhibited prolonged T,and T2 signals,with linear hypointense separations observed within the lesions.No significant edema was noted in the surrounding bone and soft tissues,although a minor degree of bone marrow edema was present.All patients underwent surgical treatment.Fifteen patients were followed up for review,ranging from 3 to 38 months postoperatively.Among them,9 patients had no recurrence,while 6 patients experienced recurrence,manifesting as new lytic bone destruction in the surgical area.Conclusion The radiological manifestations of OFD are characteristic,and an accurate diagnosis can be made for typical cases in combination with the patient's age,location of the lesion and clinical presentation.Due to the high recurrence rate after OFD sur-gery,regular follow-up is recommended.

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the seventh most common malignant tumor in the world, with a 5-year survival rate of only about 50%. Thus, discovering more effective diagnostic and therapeutic approaches is an urgent need. The metabolic reprogramming of tumor cells is a key feature in the development of HNSCC, which widely exhibits alterations in glycolytic metabolism, lipid metabolism, and amino acid metabolism compared with normal cells. Metabolic reprogramming affects the energy supply and biosynthesis of tumor cells. It also participates in the regulation of the tumor microenvironment and promotes key biological processes such as proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of HNSCC. With the progressive understanding of the complexity of tumor biology, targeted-therapy strategies against metabolic reprogramming in HNSCC are emerging as a promising therapeutic approach. These metabolically targeted therapies have performed well in preclinical studies, but their clinical application requires further validation. In the future, we need to deeply explore the more complex features of metabolic reprogramming and its biological significance in HNSCC, with the aim of discovering more effective diagnostic and therapeutic targets, as well as providing new strategies to improve the prognosis of HNSCC patients.

Objective:To compare the clinical outcomes of arthroscopic external tension band fixation versus open reduction and internal fixation in the treatment of greater tubercle fracture of the humerus.Methods:A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 55 patients with greater tubercle fracture of the humerus admitted to Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province from September 2019 to June 2022, including 24 males and 31 females, aged 26-80 years [(61.7±10.5)years]. Out of them, 35 patients treated with open reduction and internal fixation (open reduction group), and 20 patients were treated with external anchor tension band under arthroscopy (arthroscopy group). The operation time, and the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score, Constant-Murley score and shoulder active range of motion (anterior flexion, abduction and posterior extension) before operation, at 1 month after operation and at the last follow-up were compared between the two groups. Bone healing was observed in both groups at the last follow-up. Postoperative complications were compared between the two groups.Results:All the patients were followed up for 12-29 months [(16.9±4.0)months]. There was no significant difference in operation time between the two groups ( P>0.05). There were no significant differences in the VAS score, ASES score, Constant-Murley score and shoulder active range of motion between the two groups before operation ( P>0.05). The VAS score of the arthroscopy group was 3(2, 3)points at 1 month after operation, which was significantly lower than that of the open reduction group [4(3, 4) points] ( P<0.01). No significant difference was found in the VAS score at the last follow-up between the two groups ( P>0.05).The ASES scores of the arthroscopy group were (70.6±4.2)points and (90.2±3.7)points at 1 month after operation and at the last follow-up respectively, which were significantly higher than those of the open reduction group [(64.7±6.4)points and (87.5±4.9)points respectively] ( P<0.05 or 0.01). There was no significant difference in the Constant-Murley score between the arthroscopy group [(71.8±4.3)points] and the open reduction group [(70.9±5.3)points] at 1 month after operation ( P>0.05), while the Constant-Murley score of the arthroscopy group was (94.1±3.1)points at the last follow-up, which was significantly higher than that of the open reduction group [(89.2±4.7)points] ( P<0.01). At 1 month after operation and at the last follow-up, ranges of motion of the anterior flexion, abduction and posterior extension were (52.7±12.3)° and (140.0±16.9)°, (57.4±8.6)° and (125.0±14.3)°, and 16(15, 19)° and 25(20, 30)° in the arthroscopy group respectively, which were significantly higher than those in the open reduction group [(42.2±5.2)° and (110.9±14.0)°, (52.8±6.0)° and (103.7±11.7)°, and 10(10, 20)° and 16(15, 25)° respectively] ( P<0.05 or 0.01). At the last follow-up, it was found that bony union was achieved in both groups. There were no obvious complications such as incision infection or joint stiffnessin both groups. In the open reduction group, 2 patients had internal fixation failure within 1-3 months after operation but was treated with revision operation; 6 patients developed shoulder stiffness at 3-6 months after operation but had outpatient rehabilitation. The incidence rate of postoperative complications in the arthroscopy group [0%(0/20)] was significantly lower than that in the open reduction group [23%(8/35)] ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Compared with open reduction and internal fixation with plates and screws, arthroscopic external anchor tension band fixation in the treatment of greater tuberosity fracture of the humerus has the advantages of earlier pain relief, better shoulder functional improvement, better recovery of shoulder mobility, and fewer complications.

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and influencing factors of chronic fatigue syndrome(CFS)in officers and soldiers on islands and reefs.Methods A random cluster sampling of 1 010 officers and soldiers stationed in a certain department on the islands and reefs was conducted for a questionnaire survey.The CFS influencing factor questionnaire was used to evaluate its occurrence and related factors.The influence of body constitution on the occurrence of CFS was analyzed by the constitution scale of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM).Logistic regression model was used to analyze the relationship between CFS and related factors,such as TCM constitution,living habits,and emotions.Results A total of 1 002 valid questionnaires were retrieved.There were 220 patients(21.96%)with CFS among the 1 002 officers and soldiers.Univariate logistic regression showed that age(≥25 years),sex(male),body mass index(BMI),marital status(married or divorced),working years≥6 years),job nature(management),sleep time(<6 hours),alcohol consumption,weekly exercise(more than 3 times),anxiety,depression,and various types of constitution(type A-I)in the CFS group were significantly different from those in the non-CFS group(all P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression showed that age(≥25 years,OR=1.851,95%CI:1.278-2.682),sleep time(less than 6 hours,OR=2.026,95%CI:1.367-3.004),alcohol assumption(OR=1.969,95%CI:1.172-3.305),yin deficiency(type D,OR=1.696,95%CI:1.012-2.842),phlegm-dampness(type E,OR=1.750,95%CI:1.055-2.902),and qi stagnation(type H,OR=2.703,95%CI:1.674-4.365)were the risk factors for CFS,and peace quality(type A)was a protective factor for CFS(OR=0.240,95%CI:0.154-0.372).Conclusion There is a high incidence of CFS(21.96%)in officers and soldiers on islands and reefs.The occurrence of CFS is related to the TCM constitution.People with yin deficiency,phlegm-dampness and qi stagnation are more likely to suffer from CFS.Age above 25 years,less than 6 hours of sleep,and alcohol consumption are risk factors for CFS.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of Cryptosporidium infection and the distribution of parasite species and genotypes among HIV-positive individuals in Jiangxi Province. Methods HIV-positive individuals' sociodemographic and clinical data were collected from three AIDS designated hospitals in Jiangxi Province from January 2022 to March 2023. Subjects' stool samples were collected, and genomic DNA was extracted from stool samples. Nested PCR assay was performed based on the small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) gene of Cryptosporidium, and Cryptosporidium gp60 gene was amplified in stool samples positive for the SSU rRNA gene. The second-round PCR amplification product was checked with 1.5% agarose gel electrophoresis, and the products of suspected positive amplifications were sequenced, followed by sequence alignment. The phylogenetic tree was created using the Neighbor-Joining method with the software MEGA 11.0, to characterize the species, genotypes and sub-genotypes of Cryptosporidium. Results A total of 382 HIV-positive individuals were enrolled, with two cases identified with Cryptosporidium infection (0.52% prevalence), and both cases had no abdominal pain or diarrhea. Following sequencing and sequence alignment, the gene sequences of these two Cryptosporidium isolates shared 99.76% and 99.88% similarity with the gene sequence of C. meleagridis isolates. Phylogenetic analysis based on the Cryptosporidium SSU rRNA gene sequence identified the species of these two Cryptosporidium-positive stool samples as C. meleagridis. Following nested PCR amplification of the Cryptosporidium gp60 gene, sequencing and sequence alignment, the two C. meleagridis isolates were characterized as III eA17G2R1 and III bA25G1R1a sub-genotypes, and the sub-genotype III bA25G1R1a was firstly described in humans. Conclusion The prevalence of Cryptosporidium is low among HIV-positive individuals in Jiangxi Province. The likelihood of Cryptosporidium infection cannot be neglected among HIV-positive individuals without diarrhea.