Objective:To analyze the survival time and influencing factors of human immunodeficiency virus（HIV）infected individuals and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome（AIDS）patients in Yancheng City from 2016 to 2020.Methods:The survival and death information of HIV/AIDS patients in Yancheng city from 2016 to 2020 was collected through the National AIDS Comprehensive Prevention and Control Information System. A retrospective cohort study was conducted，and the survival status of HIV/AIDS patients was analyzed using life tables. The Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of survival time.Results:A total of 1 411 HIV/AIDS patients were included in this study. By the end of the study，the cumulative survival rates of patients at 1-5 years were 93.90%，91.95%，91.24%，90.35%，and 90.12%，respectively. The multivariate Cox proportional hazards model analysis results showed that the risk of death for the age group of ≥60 years at the first diagnosis of HIV positive was 1.54 times that of the <45 years age group（95% CI：1.05-2.28）；the risk of death for the CD4 +T lymphocyte（CD4）count groups of 200-349 cells/μl，350-499 cells/μl，and ≥500 cells/μl was 0.30 times（95% CI：0.19-0.47），0.21 times（95% CI：0.11-0.42），and 0.12 times（95% CI：0.04-0.37）that of the <200 cells/μl group，respectively；the risk of death for those who received antiviral treatment was 0.08 times（95% CI：0.05-0.12）that of those who did not receive antiviral treatment；and the risk of death from HIV/AIDS for cases detected through medical institution testing is 2.23 times（95% CI：1.14-3.51）that of cases detected through testing and counseling. Conclusion:The study of HIV/AIDS in Yancheng city from 2016 to 2020 shows that older age at diagnosis，lower initial CD4 +T lymphocyte count，no antiviral treatment，and detection by medical institutions are associated with higher risk of death. It is recommended to expand testing，improve treatment compliance，and promote early detection and treatment of high-risk groups to prolong survival.

Objective:To investigate the application value of D-dimer (D-D) as the primary indicator, combined with NT-proBNP and neutrophil percentage in the differential diagnosis of acute aortic dissection (AAD), pulmonary embolism (PE), and acute myocardial infarction (AMI).Methods:A retrospective case-control study was conducted, including 764 patients with acute chest pain who presented to the Emergency Department of Beijing Fuwai Hospital from March 1st, 2024, to February 28th, 2025. Patients were clinically diagnosed with AAD (299 cases) and other acute chest pain conditions (AMI 425 cases, PE 40 cases). The AAD group had the age of 56.00 (45.00, 64.00) years old with 226 males (75.59%); the AMI group had a median the age of 65.00 (55.00, 70.00) years with 339 males (79.76%); and the PE group had the age of 70.00 (59.75, 74.00) years with 15 males (37.50%). Baseline clinical data were collected and compared among the three groups, including general parameters such as heart rate, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure. Laboratory parameters included N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), D-D, cardiac troponin I (cTnI), myoglobin, creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), white blood cell count, neutrophil percentage, lymphocyte percentage, platelet count, and mean platelet volume (MPV). Comparisons between groups were performed using the Kruskal-Wallis rank-sum test and χ2 test. Independent discriminatory factors were identified through multivariate logistic regression analysis, and the diagnostic performance of individual indicators and combined models were analyzed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.Results:The D-D level in the AAD group [3.93 (1.48, 19.59) μg/ml] was significantly higher than that in the AMI group [0.26 (0.14, 0.56) μg/ml] and PE group [2.13 (0.84, 6.13) μg/ml] ( F=200.12, P<0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that D-D, NT-proBNP, neutrophil percentage, and lymphocyte percentage were all independent factors for differentiating AAD from AMI. NT-proBNP, total white blood cell count, neutrophil percentage, and lymphocyte percentage were independent predictors for differentiating AAD from PE. ROC analysis showed that D-D had an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.93 (95% CI 0.91-0.95) for differentiating AAD from AMI, with a sensitivity of 81.6% and specificity of 92.9%. In the differential diagnosis between AAD and PE, the model combining D-dimer, NT-proBNP, and neutrophil percentage had an AUC of 0.86 (95% CI 0.80-0.91), with a sensitivity of 85.0% and a specificity of 72.5%. Conclusion:D-D has significant value in the differential diagnosis of AAD from AMI and PE, with particularly good individual diagnostic performance for differentiating AAD from AMI. Combining NT-proBNP and neutrophil percentage can significantly improve differential diagnostic performance.

Objective:To analyze the survival time and influencing factors of human immunodeficiency virus（HIV）infected individuals and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome（AIDS）patients in Yancheng City from 2016 to 2020.Methods:The survival and death information of HIV/AIDS patients in Yancheng city from 2016 to 2020 was collected through the National AIDS Comprehensive Prevention and Control Information System. A retrospective cohort study was conducted，and the survival status of HIV/AIDS patients was analyzed using life tables. The Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of survival time.Results:A total of 1 411 HIV/AIDS patients were included in this study. By the end of the study，the cumulative survival rates of patients at 1-5 years were 93.90%，91.95%，91.24%，90.35%，and 90.12%，respectively. The multivariate Cox proportional hazards model analysis results showed that the risk of death for the age group of ≥60 years at the first diagnosis of HIV positive was 1.54 times that of the <45 years age group（95% CI：1.05-2.28）；the risk of death for the CD4 +T lymphocyte（CD4）count groups of 200-349 cells/μl，350-499 cells/μl，and ≥500 cells/μl was 0.30 times（95% CI：0.19-0.47），0.21 times（95% CI：0.11-0.42），and 0.12 times（95% CI：0.04-0.37）that of the <200 cells/μl group，respectively；the risk of death for those who received antiviral treatment was 0.08 times（95% CI：0.05-0.12）that of those who did not receive antiviral treatment；and the risk of death from HIV/AIDS for cases detected through medical institution testing is 2.23 times（95% CI：1.14-3.51）that of cases detected through testing and counseling. Conclusion:The study of HIV/AIDS in Yancheng city from 2016 to 2020 shows that older age at diagnosis，lower initial CD4 +T lymphocyte count，no antiviral treatment，and detection by medical institutions are associated with higher risk of death. It is recommended to expand testing，improve treatment compliance，and promote early detection and treatment of high-risk groups to prolong survival.

Objective:To investigate the application value of D-dimer (D-D) as the primary indicator, combined with NT-proBNP and neutrophil percentage in the differential diagnosis of acute aortic dissection (AAD), pulmonary embolism (PE), and acute myocardial infarction (AMI).Methods:A retrospective case-control study was conducted, including 764 patients with acute chest pain who presented to the Emergency Department of Beijing Fuwai Hospital from March 1st, 2024, to February 28th, 2025. Patients were clinically diagnosed with AAD (299 cases) and other acute chest pain conditions (AMI 425 cases, PE 40 cases). The AAD group had the age of 56.00 (45.00, 64.00) years old with 226 males (75.59%); the AMI group had a median the age of 65.00 (55.00, 70.00) years with 339 males (79.76%); and the PE group had the age of 70.00 (59.75, 74.00) years with 15 males (37.50%). Baseline clinical data were collected and compared among the three groups, including general parameters such as heart rate, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure. Laboratory parameters included N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), D-D, cardiac troponin I (cTnI), myoglobin, creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), white blood cell count, neutrophil percentage, lymphocyte percentage, platelet count, and mean platelet volume (MPV). Comparisons between groups were performed using the Kruskal-Wallis rank-sum test and χ2 test. Independent discriminatory factors were identified through multivariate logistic regression analysis, and the diagnostic performance of individual indicators and combined models were analyzed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.Results:The D-D level in the AAD group [3.93 (1.48, 19.59) μg/ml] was significantly higher than that in the AMI group [0.26 (0.14, 0.56) μg/ml] and PE group [2.13 (0.84, 6.13) μg/ml] ( F=200.12, P<0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that D-D, NT-proBNP, neutrophil percentage, and lymphocyte percentage were all independent factors for differentiating AAD from AMI. NT-proBNP, total white blood cell count, neutrophil percentage, and lymphocyte percentage were independent predictors for differentiating AAD from PE. ROC analysis showed that D-D had an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.93 (95% CI 0.91-0.95) for differentiating AAD from AMI, with a sensitivity of 81.6% and specificity of 92.9%. In the differential diagnosis between AAD and PE, the model combining D-dimer, NT-proBNP, and neutrophil percentage had an AUC of 0.86 (95% CI 0.80-0.91), with a sensitivity of 85.0% and a specificity of 72.5%. Conclusion:D-D has significant value in the differential diagnosis of AAD from AMI and PE, with particularly good individual diagnostic performance for differentiating AAD from AMI. Combining NT-proBNP and neutrophil percentage can significantly improve differential diagnostic performance.

Objective: Hand clumsiness and reduced hand dexterity can signal early signs of degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM). While the 10-second grip and release (10-s G&R) test is a common clinical tool for evaluating hand function, a more accessible method is warranted. This study explores the use of deep learning-enhanced hand grip and release test (DL-HGRT) for predicting DCM and evaluates its capability to reduce the duration of the 10-s G&R test. Methods: The retrospective study included 508 DCM patients and 1,194 control subjects. Propensity score matching (PSM) was utilized to minimize the confounding effects related to age and sex. Videos of the 10-s G&R test were captured using a smartphone application. The 3D-MobileNetV2 was utilized for analysis, generating a series of parameters. Additionally, receiver operating characteristic curves were employed to assess the performance of the 10-s G&R test in predicting DCM and to evaluate the effectiveness of a shortened testing duration. Results: Patients with DCM exhibited impairments in most 10-s G&R test parameters. Before PSM, the number of cycles achieved the best diagnostic performance (area under the curve [AUC], 0.85; sensitivity, 80.12%; specificity, 74.29% at 20 cycles), followed by average grip time. Following PSM for age and gender, the AUC remained above 0.80. The average grip time achieved the highest AUC of 0.83 after 6 seconds, plateauing with no significant improvement in extending the duration to 10 seconds, indicating that 6 seconds is an adequate timeframe to efficiently evaluate hand motor dysfunction in DCM based on DL-HGRT. Conclusion DL-HGRT demonstrates potential as a promising supplementary tool for predicting DCM. Notably, a testing duration of 6 seconds appears to be sufficient for accurate assessment, enhancing the test more feasible and practical without compromising diagnostic performance.

Objective: Hand clumsiness and reduced hand dexterity can signal early signs of degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM). While the 10-second grip and release (10-s G&R) test is a common clinical tool for evaluating hand function, a more accessible method is warranted. This study explores the use of deep learning-enhanced hand grip and release test (DL-HGRT) for predicting DCM and evaluates its capability to reduce the duration of the 10-s G&R test. Methods: The retrospective study included 508 DCM patients and 1,194 control subjects. Propensity score matching (PSM) was utilized to minimize the confounding effects related to age and sex. Videos of the 10-s G&R test were captured using a smartphone application. The 3D-MobileNetV2 was utilized for analysis, generating a series of parameters. Additionally, receiver operating characteristic curves were employed to assess the performance of the 10-s G&R test in predicting DCM and to evaluate the effectiveness of a shortened testing duration. Results: Patients with DCM exhibited impairments in most 10-s G&R test parameters. Before PSM, the number of cycles achieved the best diagnostic performance (area under the curve [AUC], 0.85; sensitivity, 80.12%; specificity, 74.29% at 20 cycles), followed by average grip time. Following PSM for age and gender, the AUC remained above 0.80. The average grip time achieved the highest AUC of 0.83 after 6 seconds, plateauing with no significant improvement in extending the duration to 10 seconds, indicating that 6 seconds is an adequate timeframe to efficiently evaluate hand motor dysfunction in DCM based on DL-HGRT. Conclusion DL-HGRT demonstrates potential as a promising supplementary tool for predicting DCM. Notably, a testing duration of 6 seconds appears to be sufficient for accurate assessment, enhancing the test more feasible and practical without compromising diagnostic performance.

Objective: Hand clumsiness and reduced hand dexterity can signal early signs of degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM). While the 10-second grip and release (10-s G&R) test is a common clinical tool for evaluating hand function, a more accessible method is warranted. This study explores the use of deep learning-enhanced hand grip and release test (DL-HGRT) for predicting DCM and evaluates its capability to reduce the duration of the 10-s G&R test. Methods: The retrospective study included 508 DCM patients and 1,194 control subjects. Propensity score matching (PSM) was utilized to minimize the confounding effects related to age and sex. Videos of the 10-s G&R test were captured using a smartphone application. The 3D-MobileNetV2 was utilized for analysis, generating a series of parameters. Additionally, receiver operating characteristic curves were employed to assess the performance of the 10-s G&R test in predicting DCM and to evaluate the effectiveness of a shortened testing duration. Results: Patients with DCM exhibited impairments in most 10-s G&R test parameters. Before PSM, the number of cycles achieved the best diagnostic performance (area under the curve [AUC], 0.85; sensitivity, 80.12%; specificity, 74.29% at 20 cycles), followed by average grip time. Following PSM for age and gender, the AUC remained above 0.80. The average grip time achieved the highest AUC of 0.83 after 6 seconds, plateauing with no significant improvement in extending the duration to 10 seconds, indicating that 6 seconds is an adequate timeframe to efficiently evaluate hand motor dysfunction in DCM based on DL-HGRT. Conclusion DL-HGRT demonstrates potential as a promising supplementary tool for predicting DCM. Notably, a testing duration of 6 seconds appears to be sufficient for accurate assessment, enhancing the test more feasible and practical without compromising diagnostic performance.

ObjectiveTo adapt the Stanford Expectations of Treatment Scale（SETS） into Chinese（C-SETS） and test the feasibility， validity and reliability of its application in patients with diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome（IBS-D） with liver-constraint and spleen-deficiency syndrome treated with traditional Chinese medicine（TCM）. MethodsWe obtained authorisation from the developer of the SETS， and followed the principle of "two-way translation" to translate the SETS by literal translation and back translation to form the C-SETS. Ninety-six IBS-D patients with liver-constraint and spleen-deficiency syndrome were enrolled as respondents and filled out C-SETS before receiving treatment； the feasibility was assessed by the recall rate， completion rate and the duration of filling out the scale； the reliability was assessed by Cronbach's α； the structural validity was assessed by exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis， and the content validity was assessed by correlation analysis. ResultsThe C-SETS consists of 10 items， with the 1st， 3rd， and 5th rating items constituting the Positive Expectations subscale， and the 2nd， 4th， and 6th rating items constituting the Negative Expectations subscale， each of which is rated on a 7-point Likert Scale. The recall of C-SETS was 100%（96/96）， the completion rate was 89.58%（86/96）； Cronbach's α for the Positive and Negative Treatment Expectations subscales were 0.845 and 0.854， respectively； exploratory factor analysis showed that the coefficient of commonality for all six entries was larger than 0.4， and that the six entries could be used by both factors to explain 77.092% of the total variance； validation factor analysis showed that the goodness-of-fit index， comparative fit index， root mean square of approximation error， canonical fit coefficient， and chi-square degrees of freedom ratio took the values of 0.943， 1.003， 0， 0.943， and 0.626， respectively； and the results of Spearman's analysis suggested that the C-SETS had good content validity. ConclusionThe C-SETS has well feasibility， reliability， and validity， which initially proves that it can be used as a tool to assess the treatment expectation of patients with IBS-D with liver-constraint and spleen-deficiency syndrome before receiving TCM treatment.

Objective: To provide high-quality clinical evidence of the efficacy of Tibetan medicine Honghua Ruyi (HHRY) pills for endometriosis-associated dysmenorrhea. Methods: This study constitutes a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial encompassing a three-menstrual cycle intervention followed by a three-menstrual cycle follow-up period. A total of 164 eligible females with endometriosis-associated dysmenorrhea were randomly divided into HHRY pills and placebo groups in a 1:1 ratio. The primary outcome included dysmenorrhea symptoms assessed using Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores and quality of life, whereas the secondary outcome measures included the maximum VAS for non-menstrual pelvic pain, duration of pain episodes (in days), frequency and quantity of the consumption of ibuprofen sustained-release capsules (or other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs), and days off work/study for staff/student due to dysmenorrhea, ovarian cyst, and/or pelvic nodule size. The safety was monitored throughout the treatment period. All the analyses were based on the intention-to-treat principle. For continuous outcomes, simple or multiple linear regressions were used to estimate the differences between the HHRY pills and placebo groups, with categorical data expressed as the number and percentage of occurrences. Differences were compared using the chi-square test or Fisher's exact test. The predefined analysis was adjusted for concomitant treatment, a variable considered to be associated with outcomes but unaffected by treatment allocation. Estimates of treatment effects were reported with 95% confidence intervals. Two-tailed P values ≤ .05 were considered statistically significant. Conclusion Positive results from this trial, upon completion would provide robust evidence for the efficacy and safety of HHRY pills in treating dysmenorrhea in patients with endometriosis.

Objective: Hand clumsiness and reduced hand dexterity can signal early signs of degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM). While the 10-second grip and release (10-s G&R) test is a common clinical tool for evaluating hand function, a more accessible method is warranted. This study explores the use of deep learning-enhanced hand grip and release test (DL-HGRT) for predicting DCM and evaluates its capability to reduce the duration of the 10-s G&R test. Methods: The retrospective study included 508 DCM patients and 1,194 control subjects. Propensity score matching (PSM) was utilized to minimize the confounding effects related to age and sex. Videos of the 10-s G&R test were captured using a smartphone application. The 3D-MobileNetV2 was utilized for analysis, generating a series of parameters. Additionally, receiver operating characteristic curves were employed to assess the performance of the 10-s G&R test in predicting DCM and to evaluate the effectiveness of a shortened testing duration. Results: Patients with DCM exhibited impairments in most 10-s G&R test parameters. Before PSM, the number of cycles achieved the best diagnostic performance (area under the curve [AUC], 0.85; sensitivity, 80.12%; specificity, 74.29% at 20 cycles), followed by average grip time. Following PSM for age and gender, the AUC remained above 0.80. The average grip time achieved the highest AUC of 0.83 after 6 seconds, plateauing with no significant improvement in extending the duration to 10 seconds, indicating that 6 seconds is an adequate timeframe to efficiently evaluate hand motor dysfunction in DCM based on DL-HGRT. Conclusion DL-HGRT demonstrates potential as a promising supplementary tool for predicting DCM. Notably, a testing duration of 6 seconds appears to be sufficient for accurate assessment, enhancing the test more feasible and practical without compromising diagnostic performance.