The medicinal use of Malvae Semen has a long history. In this paper， by consulting the ancient materia medica， prescription， agronomy， literature and other aspects of the classics， the name， origin， evolution of scientific name， quality， harvesting and processing， functions and indications and others of Malvae Semen were systematically sorted out and verified， so as to provide a basis for the development and utilization of famous classical formulas containing this herb. According to the textual research， Shennong Bencaojing began to use Dongkuizi as the correct name， which was used in the past dynasties， and there were also aliases such as Kuicaizi， Huacai， and Kuizi. Through the original research， it can be seen that Kuicai is the mainstream original plant of Malvae Semen， that is， Malva verticillata var. crispa， the Alcea rosea and M. cathayensis are also used. In modern times， the seeds of Abutilon theophrasti have been passed off as Malvae Semen， while the seeds of M. verticillata var. crispa have rarely been used in medicine. And Abutili Semen has been another medicinal material with different efficacy since the collection of Newly Revised Materia Medica in the Tang dynasty. Since the Ming and Qing dynasties， the cultivation of Kuicai has been decreasing， while A. theophrasti is more common and easy to obtain， and Abutili Semen and Malvae Semen are similar in morphology and confused， which should be corrected. In addition， Malvae Fructus is a Mongolian customary medicinal herb， which is different from the traditional use of seeds in traditional Chinese medicine. Kuicai， as an important vegetable in history， was widely cultivated and gradually shrunk after the Song dynasty， it is now mainly produced in southern provinces. The quality evaluation of Malvae Semen is better for those with dry bodies， full grain， grayish brown color， no mud， and no impurities. The harvesting is generally in the autumn and winter. After drying， it is seeded， sieved peel and impurities， mashed， or slightly stir-fried to yellow-white color with gentle fire. It is sweet， cold and slippery in nature and taste， with the main effects of laxation， diuresis， lactation and elimination of swelling. The efficacy of Abutili Semen is clearing heat and removing toxicity， promoting diuresis and removing nebula， the efficacy is quite different from that of Malvae Semen. Based on the results of textual research， it is suggested that M. verticillata var. crispa should be used as the medicinal source of Malvae Semen in the development of famous classical formulas， the corresponding processing methods should be selected according to the requirements of drug processing in the formulas， while the raw products are recommended to be used if the processing is not specified.

The medicinal use of Malvae Semen has a long history. In this paper， by consulting the ancient materia medica， prescription， agronomy， literature and other aspects of the classics， the name， origin， evolution of scientific name， quality， harvesting and processing， functions and indications and others of Malvae Semen were systematically sorted out and verified， so as to provide a basis for the development and utilization of famous classical formulas containing this herb. According to the textual research， Shennong Bencaojing began to use Dongkuizi as the correct name， which was used in the past dynasties， and there were also aliases such as Kuicaizi， Huacai， and Kuizi. Through the original research， it can be seen that Kuicai is the mainstream original plant of Malvae Semen， that is， Malva verticillata var. crispa， the Alcea rosea and M. cathayensis are also used. In modern times， the seeds of Abutilon theophrasti have been passed off as Malvae Semen， while the seeds of M. verticillata var. crispa have rarely been used in medicine. And Abutili Semen has been another medicinal material with different efficacy since the collection of Newly Revised Materia Medica in the Tang dynasty. Since the Ming and Qing dynasties， the cultivation of Kuicai has been decreasing， while A. theophrasti is more common and easy to obtain， and Abutili Semen and Malvae Semen are similar in morphology and confused， which should be corrected. In addition， Malvae Fructus is a Mongolian customary medicinal herb， which is different from the traditional use of seeds in traditional Chinese medicine. Kuicai， as an important vegetable in history， was widely cultivated and gradually shrunk after the Song dynasty， it is now mainly produced in southern provinces. The quality evaluation of Malvae Semen is better for those with dry bodies， full grain， grayish brown color， no mud， and no impurities. The harvesting is generally in the autumn and winter. After drying， it is seeded， sieved peel and impurities， mashed， or slightly stir-fried to yellow-white color with gentle fire. It is sweet， cold and slippery in nature and taste， with the main effects of laxation， diuresis， lactation and elimination of swelling. The efficacy of Abutili Semen is clearing heat and removing toxicity， promoting diuresis and removing nebula， the efficacy is quite different from that of Malvae Semen. Based on the results of textual research， it is suggested that M. verticillata var. crispa should be used as the medicinal source of Malvae Semen in the development of famous classical formulas， the corresponding processing methods should be selected according to the requirements of drug processing in the formulas， while the raw products are recommended to be used if the processing is not specified.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effectiveness of knee arthroscopy with wire anchor nailing composite double pulley technique in the treatment of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tibial avulsion fracture involving the anterior root of the lateral meniscus (LM). METHODS: Clinical data of 35 patients with ACL tibial avulsion fracture involving the anterior root of the LM admitted between January 2019 and September 2023 and met the selection criteria were retrospectively analysed. There were 20 males and 15 females; ages ranged from 10 to 57 years, with a mean of 29 years. The time from injury to surgery ranged from 3 to 20 days, with a mean of 9.6 days. Meyers-McKeever classification included 5 cases of type Ⅱ, 12 cases of type Ⅲ, and 18 cases of type Ⅳ. Preoperative anterior knee instability Lachman test and anterior drawer test were positive. The anterior root of the LM as well as the avulsion fracture block were fixed using suture anchor nails compounded with double pulley technique under arthroscopy. Postoperative X-ray films were performed to assess fracture healing; knee stability was assessed using the anterior drawer test and Lachman test, anterior laxity of the knee was measured by KT-2000, and knee function was assessed using the Lysholm score and the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score; at last follow-up, the recovery of the meniscus was assessed using the McMurry test and knee hyperextension test. RESULTS: All the patients were successfully operated, the operation time ranged from 56 to 78 minutes,with an average of 67.6 minutes, and there was no nerve or blood vessel injury during operation. Thirty-five cases were followed up 12-18 months with an average of 15.1 months. During the follow-up, there was no infection, knee stiffness, loosening of internal fixation, fracture displacement, or re-fracture. The fractures all healed, with a clinical healing time of 8-15 weeks, averaging 10.9 weeks. At last follow-up, 4 patients had weakly positive anterior drawer test and Lachman test, and the rest were negative; McMurry test and knee hyperextension test were negative; no patient complained of knee extension pain or straightening obstacles, and all the patients resumed their normal life or sports and labour; 16 patients with unclosed epiphyses did not have any epiphyseal injuries or growth disorders. Lysholm score, IKDC score, and KT-2000 anterior knee laxity at last follow-up significantly improved when compared with preoperative ones ( P<0.05). CONCLUSION The treatment of ACL tibial avulsion fracture involving the anterior root of the LM with suture anchor composite double pulley technique can effectively fix the anterior root of the LM while fixing the avulsion fracture block, and better restore the function and stability of the knee joint.
Humans ; Male ; Female ; Adult ; Arthroscopy/methods* ; Adolescent ; Retrospective Studies ; Tibial Fractures/surgery* ; Young Adult ; Middle Aged ; Fractures, Avulsion/surgery* ; Fracture Fixation, Internal/instrumentation* ; Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries/surgery* ; Child ; Treatment Outcome ; Suture Anchors ; Menisci, Tibial/surgery* ; Tibial Meniscus Injuries/surgery* ; Bone Nails ; Knee Joint/surgery*

Total mesorectal excision (total mesorectal excision, TME) has currently become the standard procedure for the treatment of rectal cancer. However, whether to preserve the left colic artery (LCA) during TME surgery remains controversial. The debates mainly focus on whether preserving the LCA can achieve complete dissection of No. 253 lymph nodes and its impacts on patients' defecation, urination, and sexual functions, and prognosis. This article systematically reviews the recent research progress necessity surgical techniques for LCA preservation by combining the anatomical characteristics of the inferior mesenteric artery (IMA) and LCA with clinical experience.

Objective To investigate whether olfactory mucosa mesenchymal stem cells(OM-MSCs)attenuate oxygen glucose deprivation and recovery(OGD/R)-induced ferroptosis in neurons through glutathione oxidase 4(GPX4).Methods The middle nasal tissue were collected from a patient with nasal polyps admitted in our hospital,and then OM-MSCs were isolated from the tissue,which were confirmed by morphological observation under light microscopy and phenotypic characterization through flow cytometry for surface markers,including CD34,CD45,CD73,CD90,CD105,and CD146.Mouse hippocampal neuronal cell line HT22 was randomly divided into control,Control,OGD/R,OGD/R+OM-MSCs,OGD/R+sh-NC,OGD/R+sh-GPX4 and OGD/R+sh-GPX4+OM-MSCs groups.After the cells were subjected to OGD/R modeling,the cells were subsequently co-cultured with OM-MSCs and/or knockdown of GPX4.Neuronal apoptosis was quantified by flow cytometry,while cell viability was assessed using CCK-8 assay.Biochemical markers associated with ferroptosis,including MDA,ROS,GSH,and Fe2? levels,were measured with corresponding reagent kits.The GPX4 expression at both mRNA and protein levels was determined through qPCR and Western blotting,respectively.Results The isolated and primarily cultured OM-MSCs showed typical characteristics of OM-MSCs in cell surface markers(negative expression of CD34 and CD45 but positive expression of CD73,CD90,CD105,and CD146 on cell surface)and morphology(adherent cells in a spindle-like shape).Significant differences were observed among the control,OGD/R,and OGD/R+OM-MSCs groups in terms of cell viability,MDA,ROS,GSH,Fe2+and GPX4(P<0.05).The OGD/R group showed notable decreases in cell activity and GSH(P<0.05),increases in MDA,ROS,and Fe2+(P<0.05),and down-regulation of GPX4 when compared with the control group(P<005).Co-culture with OM-MSCs enhanced cell activity and GSH(P<0.05),decreased MDA,ROS,and Fe2+(P<0.05),and up-regulated GPX4 as compared to the conditions in the OGD/R group(P<0.05).While,OGD/R+sh-GPX4 treament developed the decreases in cell viability,GSH,and GPX4 and the increases in MDA,ROS,and Fe2+as compared to the OGD/R+sh-NC group(P<0.05),however,all of these could be reversed by OM-MSCs.Conclusion OM-MSCs inhibit OGD/R-induced ferroptosis in HT22 cells by up-regulating GPX4.

Objective:To investigate the clinical effect of arthroscopic combined fixation of acromioclavicular joint in the treatment of acute acromioclavicular dislocation.Methods:A retrospective controlled analysis was conducted on 40 patients with acute dislocation of the acromioclavicular joint were treated in Qinhuangdao First Hospital of Hebei Medical University from February 2021 to December 2023. There were 30 males and 10 females, aged from 22 to 54 years, with an average age of (40.55±7.75) years. The patients were divided into two groups based on the surgical method used. The observation group included 19 patients who were treated with Tightrope and suture to reconstruct the coracoclavicular ligament and acromioclavicular ligament, while the control group included 21 patients who were treated with Tightrope to reconstruct the coracoclavicular ligament only. All patients were followed up postoperatively, and their preoperative and postoperative data were recorded. The visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain, Constant score and coracoclavicular distance values of the two groups of patients before surgery and one year after surgery were recorded and compared. The changes of the internal fixation devices were observed. The measurement data with normal distribution were expressed as mean±standard deviation ( ± s), and the t-test was used for comparison between groups, skewed continuous data were presented as [ M( Q1, Q3)], and intergroup comparisons were performed using the Mann-Whitney U test; the count data were expressed as cases and percentages [ n(%)], and the chi-square test was used for comparison between groups. Results:There was no significant difference in the general information (gender, age, affected side, time from injury to operation) between the two groups ( P>0.05). The last follow-up showed that two patients in the control group had early failure of the implant, one of whom had an infection after surgery, and one of whom had obvious displacement of the Tightrope early on. All patients in the observation group were healed by first intention, without any postoperative early complications such as wound infection, early failure of internal fixation, etc. There was no statistically significant difference in the VAS score between the two groups ( P>0.05); the Constant score 85(84, 89) of the observation group was higher than that of the control group 82(80, 85), and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05); the VAS score and Constant score of both groups after surgery were significantly improved compared with those before surgery ( P<0.05). One year after operation the coracoclavicular distance was 8.5(8.0-8.8) mm in observation group, and 10.3(9.7, 10.6) mm in control group ( P<0.05). Conclusions:The method of reconstructing the coracoclavicular ligament and acromioclavicular ligament complex fixation with Tightrope and suture using arthroscopy is reliable and has fewer postoperative complications. It is a better method than using Tightrope alone to fix the coracoclavicular ligament for the treatment of acute Rockwood Ⅲ to Ⅴ type acromioclavicular dislocation.

Objective To explore the effect of Liraglutide(Lir)combined with intravenous thrombolysis on neurological function and prognosis in acute cerebral infarction patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Methods Totally 137 acute cerebral infarction patients with T2DM were randomly divided into Lir group(69 cases)and Ins group(68 cases).The Ins group was treated with insulin aspart combined with insulin glargine,while the Lir group was treated with Lira combined with insulin glargine.The scores of National Institutes of Health stroke scale(NIHSS)and modified Rankin scale(mRS)were compared between the two groups before and 3 months after treatment.Outpatient follow-up of the two groups was performed to record the recurrence of cerebral infarction and the time.Results After treatment,the scores of NIHSS[(6.51±1.91)vs(8.77±2.03)]and mRS[(2.07±0.58)vs(2.44±0.78)]of Lir group were lower than Ins group(P<0.05).The recurrence risk of cerebral infarction in Lir group was lower than that in Ins group(6.5%vs 22.1%,P<0.05).Conclusions The treatment of Lir combined with intravenous thrombolysis can effectively reduce neurological deficits and the recurrence risk in acute cerebral infarction patients with T2DM.

Objective To explore the effect of Liraglutide(Lir)combined with intravenous thrombolysis on neurological function and prognosis in acute cerebral infarction patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Methods Totally 137 acute cerebral infarction patients with T2DM were randomly divided into Lir group(69 cases)and Ins group(68 cases).The Ins group was treated with insulin aspart combined with insulin glargine,while the Lir group was treated with Lira combined with insulin glargine.The scores of National Institutes of Health stroke scale(NIHSS)and modified Rankin scale(mRS)were compared between the two groups before and 3 months after treatment.Outpatient follow-up of the two groups was performed to record the recurrence of cerebral infarction and the time.Results After treatment,the scores of NIHSS[(6.51±1.91)vs(8.77±2.03)]and mRS[(2.07±0.58)vs(2.44±0.78)]of Lir group were lower than Ins group(P<0.05).The recurrence risk of cerebral infarction in Lir group was lower than that in Ins group(6.5%vs 22.1%,P<0.05).Conclusions The treatment of Lir combined with intravenous thrombolysis can effectively reduce neurological deficits and the recurrence risk in acute cerebral infarction patients with T2DM.

Total mesorectal excision (total mesorectal excision, TME) has currently become the standard procedure for the treatment of rectal cancer. However, whether to preserve the left colic artery (LCA) during TME surgery remains controversial. The debates mainly focus on whether preserving the LCA can achieve complete dissection of No. 253 lymph nodes and its impacts on patients' defecation, urination, and sexual functions, and prognosis. This article systematically reviews the recent research progress necessity surgical techniques for LCA preservation by combining the anatomical characteristics of the inferior mesenteric artery (IMA) and LCA with clinical experience.

Objective: The aging demographic landscape worldwide portends a heightened prevalence of neurodegenerative disorders. Foremost among these is Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the foremost cause of dementia in older adults. The shortage of efficacious therapies and early diagnostic indicators underscores the imperative to identify non-invasive biomarkers for early detection and disease monitoring. Recently, blood metabolites have emerged as promising candidates for AD biomarkers. Methods: Leveraging nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy on plasma specimens, we conducted a cross-sectional study encompassing 35 AD patients and 35 age-matched healthy controls. Cognitive function was evaluated using the mini-mental state examination in all participants, followed by peripheral blood sample collection. We utilized univariate and multivariate analyses to perform targeted lipidomic profiling via NMR spectroscopy. Results: Our study revealed significant differences in the expression profiles of low-density lipoprotein-associated subfractions in females and high-density lipoprotein-associated subfractions in males between AD patients and healthy controls (all p<0.05). However, there was no significant metabolite overlap between males and females. Furthermore, receiver operating characteristic curve analysis demonstrated that the combination of lipid metabolites had good diagnostic values (all area under the curve>0.70; p<0.05). Conclusion Our findings suggest that the blood plasma samples using NMR hold promise in distinguishing between AD patients and healthy controls, with significant clinical implications for advancing AD diagnostic methodologies.