Current experimental and computational methods have limitations in accurately and efficiently classifying ion channels within vast protein spaces. Here we have developed a deep learning algorithm, GPT2 Ion Channel Classifier (GPT2-ICC), which effectively distinguishing ion channels from a test set containing approximately 239 times more non-ion-channel proteins. GPT2-ICC integrates representation learning with a large language model (LLM)-based classifier, enabling highly accurate identification of potential ion channels. Several potential ion channels were predicated from the unannotated human proteome, further demonstrating GPT2-ICC's generalization ability. This study marks a significant advancement in artificial-intelligence-driven ion channel research, highlighting the adaptability and effectiveness of combining representation learning with LLMs to address the challenges of imbalanced protein sequence data. Moreover, it provides a valuable computational tool for uncovering previously uncharacterized ion channels.

Objective:To determine the best scoring system for assessing the severity of perioperative aortic dissection.Methods:All data were obtained from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care-Ⅳ(MIMIC-Ⅳ) database in the United States. The predictive value of the Acute Physiology Score Ⅲ(APS Ⅲ), Oxford Acute Severity of Illness Score (OASIS), Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA), Simplified Acute Physiology Score Ⅱ(SAPS Ⅱ), and Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) scoring systems were evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic ( ROC) curve. The area under the curve ( AUC) was used to determine the best predictive score, and the ideal cutoff value of the score was calculated based on the Youden index. Patients were divided into high and low groups according to the cutoff value. The Kaplan- Meier curve was used to show the impact on the survival rate of patients with aortic dissection. Results:ROC curve analysis showed that APS Ⅲ( AUC: 0.803, 95% CI: 0.721-0.885) was superior to SAPS Ⅱ( AUC: 0.767, 95% CI: 0.654-0.880), OASIS( AUC: 0.760, 95% CI: 0.635-0.885), SOFA( AUC: 0.753, 95% CI: 0.649-0.857), and CCI( AUC: 0.670, 95% CI: 0.524-0.817) in assessing in-hospital mortality. Based on the ROC curve and the Youden index calculation, the ideal cutoff value of the APS Ⅲ score was 57.5. Kaplan- Meier survival analysis showed that patients in the high group of APS Ⅲ had a shorter 28-day survival time. Patients in the high group of APS Ⅲ had a higher incidence of postoperative complications, and correlation analysis showed that patients in the high group of APS Ⅲ had a longer hospital stay. Conclusion:The APS Ⅲ scoring system is more valuable in predicting the 28-day mortality and prognosis of patients with aortic dissection.

Current experimental and computational methods have limitations in accurately and efficiently classi-fying ion channels within vast protein spaces.Here we have developed a deep learning algorithm,GPT2 Ion Channel Classifier(GPT2-ICC),which effectively distinguishing ion channels from a test set con-taining approximately 239 times more non-ion-channel proteins.GPT2-ICC integrates representation learning with a large language model(LLM)-based classifier,enabling highly accurate identification of potential ion channels.Several potential ion channels were predicated from the unannotated human proteome,further demonstrating GPT2-ICC's generalization ability.This study marks a significant advancement in artificial-intelligence-driven ion channel research,highlighting the adaptability and effectiveness of combining representation learning with LLMs to address the challenges of imbalanced protein sequence data.Moreover,it provides a valuable computational tool for uncovering previously uncharacterized ion channels.

Objective:To determine the best scoring system for assessing the severity of perioperative aortic dissection.Methods:All data were obtained from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care-Ⅳ(MIMIC-Ⅳ) database in the United States. The predictive value of the Acute Physiology Score Ⅲ(APS Ⅲ), Oxford Acute Severity of Illness Score (OASIS), Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA), Simplified Acute Physiology Score Ⅱ(SAPS Ⅱ), and Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) scoring systems were evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic ( ROC) curve. The area under the curve ( AUC) was used to determine the best predictive score, and the ideal cutoff value of the score was calculated based on the Youden index. Patients were divided into high and low groups according to the cutoff value. The Kaplan- Meier curve was used to show the impact on the survival rate of patients with aortic dissection. Results:ROC curve analysis showed that APS Ⅲ( AUC: 0.803, 95% CI: 0.721-0.885) was superior to SAPS Ⅱ( AUC: 0.767, 95% CI: 0.654-0.880), OASIS( AUC: 0.760, 95% CI: 0.635-0.885), SOFA( AUC: 0.753, 95% CI: 0.649-0.857), and CCI( AUC: 0.670, 95% CI: 0.524-0.817) in assessing in-hospital mortality. Based on the ROC curve and the Youden index calculation, the ideal cutoff value of the APS Ⅲ score was 57.5. Kaplan- Meier survival analysis showed that patients in the high group of APS Ⅲ had a shorter 28-day survival time. Patients in the high group of APS Ⅲ had a higher incidence of postoperative complications, and correlation analysis showed that patients in the high group of APS Ⅲ had a longer hospital stay. Conclusion:The APS Ⅲ scoring system is more valuable in predicting the 28-day mortality and prognosis of patients with aortic dissection.

Objective:To investigate the protective effects of an anti-inflammatory mixture on acute lung injury (ALI) induced by sepsis in rats, as well as its possible mechanisms.Methods:A total of 40 Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into the sham group, septic ALI model group (model group), 3-methyladenine (3-MA) control group, and anti-inflammatory mixture pretreatment group, with 10 rats in each group. Cecal ligation and perforation (CLP) was performed to reproduce a septic ALI model. The rats in the sham group only underwent opening and closing the abdomen without perforation and ligation. Both groups were given saline gavage and intraperitoneal injection for 3 consecutive days before surgery. The 3-MA control group was given intraperitoneal injection of saline and autophagy inhibitor 3-MA 15 mg/kg for 3 consecutive days before modeling. The anti-inflammatory mixture pretreatment group was given 8.8 mL/kg of anti-inflammatory mixture by gavage [the composition of anti-inflammatory mixture: rhubarb 15 g (after the next), coptis chinensis 15 g, baical skullcap root 12 g, magnoliae cortex 12 g, dahurian patrinia herb 30 g] and saline intraperitoneal injection for 3 consecutive days before modeling. The rats in each group were anesthetized 24 hours after surgery and died due to abdominal aortic blood collection. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the levels of serum inflammatory cytokines interleukins (IL-1β and IL-6). Lung tissue was taken and then the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was collected, and the levels of IL-1β and IL-6 were detected by ELISA. Lung wet/dry weight (W/D) ratio was measured. After hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, the histopathological changes of the lungs were observed under light microscopy. Western blotting was used to detect the expression of autophagy markers microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3-Ⅱ/Ⅰ (LC3-Ⅱ/Ⅰ) and Beclin-1 protein in lung tissue. Autophagosomes in lung tissue were observed with transmission electron microscopy.Results:Compared with the sham group, the rats in the model group exhibited severe destruction of lung tissue structure, with significant infiltration of inflammatory cells, the lung W/D ratio and the levels of IL-1β and IL-6 in serum and BALF were significantly increased, the expressions of LC3-Ⅱ/Ⅰ and Beclin-1 protein were down-regulated, the autophagosomes were more. The rats in the 3-MA control group exhibited more severe lung tissue injury as compared with the model group, the lung W/D ratio and the levels of inflammatory cytokines in serum and BALF were further increased, the expressions of LC3-Ⅱ/Ⅰ and Beclin-1 protein still showed a decrease tendency as compared with the sham group, and the autophagosomes were less than that in the model group. Compared with the model group, the anti-inflammatory mixture pretreatment group showed milder lung tissue injury with a minimal amount of inflammatory cell infiltration, the lung W/D ratio was significantly reduced (7.07±1.02 vs. 11.33±1.85, P < 0.05), the levels of IL-1β and IL-6 in both serum and BALF were significantly decreased [IL-1β (ng/L): 26.04±3.86 vs. 40.83±5.46 in serum, 17.75±2.02 vs. 26.86±4.32 in BALF; IL-6 (ng/L): 91.28±10.15 vs. 129.44±13.05 in serum, 76.06±7.51 vs. 120.91±7.47 in BALF, all P < 0.05], and the ratio of LC3-Ⅱ/Ⅰ and Beclin-1 protein expression were significantly increased [LC3-Ⅱ/Ⅰ ratio: 1.23±0.02 vs. 0.60±0.02, Beclin-1 protein (Beclin-1/GAPDH): 2.37±0.33 vs. 0.62±0.05, both P < 0.05]. Furthermore, an increase in the number of autophagosomes was observed. Conclusion:The anti-inflammatory mixture improves lung injury in rats with sepsis induced by CLP and reduce inflammation levels, potentially through upregulation of Beclin-1-mediated autophagy.

BACKGROUND:At present,open reduction and internal fixation and minimally invasive needle aspiration are commonly used in patients with Sanders types Ⅱ and Ⅲ calcaneal fractures.However,there is little comparison between the clinical efficacy of the two methods and high-level clinical evidence is still available. OBJECTIVE:To compare the curative effect of Sanders types Ⅱ and Ⅲ calcaneal fractures treated by three-dimensional digital model-assisted minimally invasive needle penetration and tarsal sinus incision and manual reduction and internal fixation with steel plate. METHODS:From January 2021 to October 2022,80 patients with Sanders types Ⅱ and Ⅲ calcaneal fractures who were treated in the Department of Orthopedics,Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine in Hebei Province were randomly divided into control group(40 cases)and observation group(40 cases).The control group was treated with manual reduction and internal fixation with steel plate through the traditional tarsal sinus incision,while the observation group was treated with a three-dimensional digital model assisted with minimally invasive needle penetration fixation.The operation time,blood loss,hospitalization time and fracture healing time of the two groups were recorded.The changes in Maryland score,AO-FAS score,pain visual analog scale score,quality of life score(SF-36 score),and imaging parameters(B?hler angle,Gissane angle,calcaneal length,width and height)were observed before and 12 months after operation in the two groups.The complications during the follow-up were recorded. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Operation time,blood loss,hospitalization time and fracture healing time in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(all P<0.05).(2)The Maryland score,AO-FAS score,SF-36 score,B?hler angle,Gissane angle,calcaneal length and height of the two groups after treatment were significantly higher than those before treatment(all P<0.05).Visual analog scale score and calcaneal width were significantly lower than those before treatment(all P<0.05).(3)After 12 months of follow-up,the incidence of complications in the observation group was lower than that in the control group(all P<0.05).(4)In conclusion,the treatment of Sanders types Ⅱ and Ⅲ calcaneal fractures with three-dimensional digital model-assisted minimally invasive needle penetration fixation can significantly improve the operation time,bleeding volume and other perioperative indicators,and can reduce the occurrence of multiple complications.The recovery of ankle function,relief of pain symptoms,and improvement of quality of life are equivalent to traditional therapy.

BACKGROUND:With the further development of minimally invasive concepts,unicompartmental knee arthroplasty has become an important treatment for osteoarthritis of the knee;however,early postoperative pain adversely affects the recovery process,so effective analgesic measures are necessary.Femoral nerve block and cocktail therapy are common analgesic methods for unicompartmental knee arthroplasty,but there is a lack of studies confirming the analgesic effect and safety of their combined application. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the analgesic effect of cocktail therapy combined with femoral nerve block in unicompartmental knee arthroplasty. METHODS:One hundred patients who received unicompartmental knee arthroplasty from October 2021 to January 2023 were selected as the study subjects.They were divided into a control group(n=50)and a study group(n=50)using a random number table method.The femoral nerve block was used in the control group,while cocktail therapy combined with femoral nerve block was used in the study group during unicompartmental knee arthroplasty.Postoperative analgesia effect,analgesic frequency of dezocine injection within 2 days after surgery,motion range of affected knee joint,KSS function scores,and the occurrence of postoperative adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Visual analog scale scores in the study group were lower than those in the control group at 12,24,and 48 hours after surgery(P<0.05).(2)The analgesic frequency of dezocine in the study group was less than that in the control group within 2 days after surgery(P<0.05).(3)The motion range in the study group was higher than that in the control group 1 and 3 days after surgery(P<0.05).On day 14 after surgery,there was no significant difference in motion range between the two groups(P>0.05).(4)The knee KSS score in the study group was higher than that in the control group at 2 weeks after surgery(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in knee KSS scores between the two groups from 6 weeks to 6 months after surgery(P>0.05).(5)The difference in the occurrence of adverse reactions within 14 days after surgery was not significant between the two groups(P>0.05).(6)These results show that the use of cocktail therapy combined with femoral nerve block in unicompartmental knee arthroplasty can effectively reduce postoperative pain,improve the analgesic effect,reduce the frequency of analgesic drugs,and improve motion range of the early affected knee joint of patients.

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) diseases are common clinical conditions. The number of patients with TMJ diseases is large, and the etiology, epidemiology, disease spectrum, and treatment of the disease remain controversial and unknown. To understand and master the current situation of the occurrence, development and prevention of TMJ diseases, as well as to identify the patterns in etiology, incidence, drug sensitivity, and prognosis is crucial for alleviating patients′suffering.This will facilitate in-depth medical research, effective disease prevention measures, and the formulation of corresponding health policies. Cohort construction and research has an irreplaceable role in precise disease prevention and significant improvement in diagnosis and treatment levels. Large-scale cohort studies are needed to explore the relationship between potential risk factors and outcomes of TMJ diseases, and to observe disease prognoses through long-term follw-ups. The consensus aims to establish a standard conceptual frame work for a cohort study on patients with TMJ disease while providing ideas for cohort data standards to this condition. TMJ disease cohort data consists of both common data standards applicable to all specific disease cohorts as well as disease-specific data standards. Common data were available for each specific disease cohort. By integrating different cohort research resources, standard problems or study variables can be unified. Long-term follow-up can be performed using consistent definitions and criteria across different projects for better core data collection. It is hoped that this consensus will be facilitate the development cohort studies of TMJ diseases.

Objective:To examine the effectiveness of thin struct bare stents for the treatment of spontaneous isolated dissection of the superior mesenteric artery (SIDSMA).Methods:The data of 32 patients admitted to First Hospital of Jiaxing (20 cases) and Jinling Hospital (12 cases) with SIDSMA from January 2016 to January 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 27 males and 5 females, aging (54.8±9.4) years (range: 36 to 75 years). All patients were treated with thin struct bare stents. Controllable spring coils were used to fulfill the false lumen in 2 cases. Symptoms, vascular remodeling pattern at the SIDSMA lesion, and patency of the stents were observed during follow-up.Results:The surgical success rate was 100%. According to the length of the lesions and stents, the number of stents implanted was 1 in 17 cases, 2 in 11 cases and 3 in 4 cases. The angiography showed that blood flow in the stent was smooth. The numerical rating scale for abdominal pain decreased from 6.1±1.5 (range: 4 to 10) preoperatively to 1.0 (1.0) (range: 0 to 3) 1 hour postoperatively ( W=528, P<0.01). The compression rate of the true lumen of the superior mesenteric artery decreased from (92.3±6.7)% (range: 25% to 94%) preoperatively to 0.8 (1.2)% (range: 0 to 3.2%) 1 month postoperatively ( W=528, P<0.01). The primary patency rate of CT angiography at 1 month postoperatively was 100%. The vascular remodeling rate was (92.3±6.7)% (range: 80% to 100%). All patients were followed for (46.3±17.0) months (range: 24 to 76 months). The cumulative patency rates in 1, 2 and 5 years were all 100%. Conclusion:The use of thin struct bare stents for SIDSMA could obtained the expected safety and efficacy.

Objective To explore the effect of different transcranial pulse current stimulation(tPCS)program on the elimination of fatigue in physical cognitive mixed tasks.Methods Thirty healthy college athletes were randomly divided into group Ⅰ'and groupⅡ',each of 15.Then,both groups of sub-jects exercised on power bicycles.Ten subjects were screened from Group Ⅰ'and Ⅱ'meeting the crite-ria of moderate and severe physical cognitive mixed task fatigue using the Rating of Perceived Exer-tion respectively.Both groups received five tPCS interventions.Before and after each intervention,the subjects were tested for heart rate variability(HRV)and oxygenated hemoglobin(HbO2)concentration,and the effect of different stimulations on the fatigue elimination in physical cognitive mixed tasks of different severities were measured.Meanwhile,the HRV measurements included root mean square of difference between adjacent R-R intervals(RMSSD),standard deviation of all normal-to-normal inter-vals(SDNN),high frequency(HF)and low frequency(LF).Results①After tPCS intervention,the aver-age SDNN,HF and HbO2 increased significantly(P<0.05),while the average IF decreased significantly(P<0.05).②In physical cognitive mixed task of moderate fatigue,the biggest change of each index ap-peared after the tPCS program D(20 min,sensory intensity).③In the physical cognitive mixed task of severe fatigue,the change range of each index was the largest after the tPCS program C(20 min,sensory intensity + 0.2 mA).Conclusion ①After physical cognitive mixed tasks,different tPCS stimu-lation programs have different effects on the elimination of fatigue with an optimal"stimulant dose".②The effects of five intervention programs on the elimination of physical fatigue of athletes are as fol-lows:For the elimination of moderate fatigue of physical cognitive mixed task,program D of tPCS(20 min,sensory intensity)has the greatest effect,while for the elimination of severe fatigue of physical cognitive mixed task,program C of tPCS(20 min,sensory intensity + 0.2 mA)has the greatest effect.