Objective To investigate the impact of enterovirus 71(EV71)on skeletal muscle injury and explore its mechanism in relation to the caspase-1/interleukin(IL)-1 β signaling pathway in EV71-induced skeletal muscle damage.Methods One-day-old BALB/c suckling mice were divided randomly into three groups:normal control(NC)(n=60),EV71 infection model(n=60),and caspase-1 inhibitor(EV71+VX765)(n=15)groups.The NC and EV71 model groups were further subdivided into four subgroups(5,7,10,and 14 days)(n=5 mice per group).An EV71-infected model was established by intraperitoneal injection of 25 × 103 μL/kg EV71 viral solution for 3 consecutive days.Mice in the caspase-1 inhibitor group received VX765(20 mg/kg)intraperitoneally 6 hours post-viral inoculation,continued daily for 10 days until sample collection.Mice in the NC group received an equivalent volume of saline containing 5％dimethylsulfoxide and 10％PEG300,followed by 2％cell maintenance solution after 6 hours.Post-modeling body weight and clinical disease scores were recorded.Pathological skeletal muscle damage was observed by hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining,and expression levels of EV71 VP-1(viral capsid protein),pro-caspase-1,cleaved-caspase-1,IL-1 β,α-smooth muscle actin(SMA),and Collagen Ⅰ were detected by Western blot and immunofluorescence.Results Compared with the NC group at the same time points,mice in the EV71 model group exhibited reduced body weight,elevated disease scores,and skeletal muscle pathology characterized by inflammatory cell infiltration,myofiber dissolution,and decreased cross-sectional area(HE staining).Western blot showed significantly increased levels of EV71 VP-1,IL-1β,α-SMA,and Collagen Ⅰ in skeletal muscle homogenate from EV71 mice at 5,7,and 10 days post-infection(P＜0.001).In contrast,mice in the VX765 group showed improved body weight,reduced clinical scores(P＜0.01),and significant downregulation of EV71 VP-1(P＜0.01),pro-caspase-1,cleaved-caspase-1,IL-1β,and Collagen Ⅰ compared with the EV71 model group(P＜0.01).These findings were confirmed by immunofluorescence,indicating that inhibition of caspase-1 alleviated EV71-induced skeletal muscle injury.Conclusions EV71 may induce skeletal muscle injury by activating the caspase-1/IL-1β signaling pathway.

Peri-implant keratinized mucosa (PIKM) augmentation refers to surgical procedures aimed at increasing the width of PIKM. Consensus reports emphasize the necessity of maintaining a minimum width of PIKM to ensure long-term peri-implant health. Currently, several surgical techniques have been validated for their effectiveness in increasing PIKM. However, the selection and application of PIKM augmentation methods may present challenges for dental practitioners due to heterogeneity in surgical techniques, variations in clinical scenarios, and anatomical differences. Therefore, clear guidelines and considerations for PIKM augmentation are needed. This expert consensus focuses on the commonly employed surgical techniques for PIKM augmentation and the factors influencing their selection at second-stage surgery. It aims to establish a standardized framework for assessing, planning, and executing PIKM augmentation procedures, with the goal of offering evidence-based guidance to enhance the predictability and success of PIKM augmentation.
Humans ; Consensus ; Dental Implants ; Mouth Mucosa/surgery* ; Keratins

Objective:To explore the efficacy and prognosis of preoperative treatment based on arterial infusion chemotherapy (PTAC) in patients with advanced gastric cancer.Methods:Clinical and follow-up data of 821 patients with advanced gastric cancer who received PTAC treatment at the General Hospital of the Eastern Theater Command of the People's Liberation Army from January 2001 to January 2021 were collected. According to the treatment regimen, patients were divided into the FLEEOX group (89 cases), the XEEOX group (196 cases), the SEEOX group (406 cases), and the SEEOX+PD-1 group (130 cases). The primary endpoint was the 3-year progression-free survival rate. Secondary endpoints included the 3-year overall survival rate, objective response rate, radical resection rate, major pathological response rate, and incidence of treatment associated adverse events.Results:After PTAC treatment, the objective response rate was 74.9% (615/821). A total of 671 patients underwent radical surgery, with a radical resection rate of 81.7% and an R0 resection rate of 70.2% (576/821). The pathological complete response rate was 16.7% (112/671), and the major pathological response rate was 32.2% (216/671). With an average follow-up of 27.7 months, the 3-year progression-free survival rate was 52.2%, and the 3-year overall survival rate was 55.8%. The 3-year progression-free survival rate of patients in the SEEOX+PD-1 group was 66.9%, the objective response rate was 83.8% (109/130), the major pathological response rate was 45.3% (53/117), and the radical resection rate was 90.0% (117/130), all of which were better than those in the XEEOX and SEEOX groups (all P＜0.05). However, during the treatment period, three patients in the SEEOX+PD-1 group died from immune-related adverse events. Conclusion:PTAC treatment is an effective preoperative treatment method for advanced gastric cancer, and is expected to further improve the treatment effect when combined with immunotherapy such as PD-1 monoclonal antibodies.

Objective To investigate the impact of enterovirus 71(EV71)on skeletal muscle injury and explore its mechanism in relation to the caspase-1/interleukin(IL)-1 β signaling pathway in EV71-induced skeletal muscle damage.Methods One-day-old BALB/c suckling mice were divided randomly into three groups:normal control(NC)(n=60),EV71 infection model(n=60),and caspase-1 inhibitor(EV71+VX765)(n=15)groups.The NC and EV71 model groups were further subdivided into four subgroups(5,7,10,and 14 days)(n=5 mice per group).An EV71-infected model was established by intraperitoneal injection of 25 × 103 μL/kg EV71 viral solution for 3 consecutive days.Mice in the caspase-1 inhibitor group received VX765(20 mg/kg)intraperitoneally 6 hours post-viral inoculation,continued daily for 10 days until sample collection.Mice in the NC group received an equivalent volume of saline containing 5％dimethylsulfoxide and 10％PEG300,followed by 2％cell maintenance solution after 6 hours.Post-modeling body weight and clinical disease scores were recorded.Pathological skeletal muscle damage was observed by hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining,and expression levels of EV71 VP-1(viral capsid protein),pro-caspase-1,cleaved-caspase-1,IL-1 β,α-smooth muscle actin(SMA),and Collagen Ⅰ were detected by Western blot and immunofluorescence.Results Compared with the NC group at the same time points,mice in the EV71 model group exhibited reduced body weight,elevated disease scores,and skeletal muscle pathology characterized by inflammatory cell infiltration,myofiber dissolution,and decreased cross-sectional area(HE staining).Western blot showed significantly increased levels of EV71 VP-1,IL-1β,α-SMA,and Collagen Ⅰ in skeletal muscle homogenate from EV71 mice at 5,7,and 10 days post-infection(P＜0.001).In contrast,mice in the VX765 group showed improved body weight,reduced clinical scores(P＜0.01),and significant downregulation of EV71 VP-1(P＜0.01),pro-caspase-1,cleaved-caspase-1,IL-1β,and Collagen Ⅰ compared with the EV71 model group(P＜0.01).These findings were confirmed by immunofluorescence,indicating that inhibition of caspase-1 alleviated EV71-induced skeletal muscle injury.Conclusions EV71 may induce skeletal muscle injury by activating the caspase-1/IL-1β signaling pathway.

Objective:To explore the efficacy and prognosis of preoperative treatment based on arterial infusion chemotherapy (PTAC) in patients with advanced gastric cancer.Methods:Clinical and follow-up data of 821 patients with advanced gastric cancer who received PTAC treatment at the General Hospital of the Eastern Theater Command of the People's Liberation Army from January 2001 to January 2021 were collected. According to the treatment regimen, patients were divided into the FLEEOX group (89 cases), the XEEOX group (196 cases), the SEEOX group (406 cases), and the SEEOX+PD-1 group (130 cases). The primary endpoint was the 3-year progression-free survival rate. Secondary endpoints included the 3-year overall survival rate, objective response rate, radical resection rate, major pathological response rate, and incidence of treatment associated adverse events.Results:After PTAC treatment, the objective response rate was 74.9% (615/821). A total of 671 patients underwent radical surgery, with a radical resection rate of 81.7% and an R0 resection rate of 70.2% (576/821). The pathological complete response rate was 16.7% (112/671), and the major pathological response rate was 32.2% (216/671). With an average follow-up of 27.7 months, the 3-year progression-free survival rate was 52.2%, and the 3-year overall survival rate was 55.8%. The 3-year progression-free survival rate of patients in the SEEOX+PD-1 group was 66.9%, the objective response rate was 83.8% (109/130), the major pathological response rate was 45.3% (53/117), and the radical resection rate was 90.0% (117/130), all of which were better than those in the XEEOX and SEEOX groups (all P＜0.05). However, during the treatment period, three patients in the SEEOX+PD-1 group died from immune-related adverse events. Conclusion:PTAC treatment is an effective preoperative treatment method for advanced gastric cancer, and is expected to further improve the treatment effect when combined with immunotherapy such as PD-1 monoclonal antibodies.

Objective:To investigate the prevalence of hyperuricemia (HUA) in Bozidun Kirghiz township of Xinjiang Aksu region, and to explore the risk factors for the occurrence of HUA in the local area.Methods:A cross-sectional survey study was conducted by randomly selecting 9 villages in Bozidun Kirgiz Township by the whole-group sampling method and questionnaire were distributed to the households. The questionnaire included: demographic information, history of past illness, personal history, and all subjects were measured for height, weight, blood pressure, abdominal circumference, etc. The diagnostic of HUA if the serum uric acid (SUA) level >420 μmol/L in men or >360 μmol/L in women. The incidences of HUA in different age, sex, food type and life style behavior were analyzed. T test, non-parametric test and Chi-square test were used to analyze the differences among the groups, and logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors. Results:①A total of 2 138 subjects were surveyed, among which 68 patients were with HUA, the prevalence of HUA in Bozidun Kirghiz township, Aksu region in the general population was 3.18%(68/2 138); the prevalence rate in men was 4.60%(45/978), 45 patients were identified; and the prevalence rate in women was 1.98%(23/1 160), 23 patients were identified. The peak age of HUA in male and female patients was 51~60 years old. ②The prevalence of HUA was lower in those who consumed dairy products ( χ2=6.91, P=0.017), nuts ( χ2=8.43, P=0.038) and eggs ( χ2=7.38, P=0.023), and lower in those who consumed more. Different intake of cereals ( χ2=0.87, P=0.647), meat( χ2=0.82, P=0.662), vegetables and fruits( χ2=5.22, P=0.073) had no effect on the prevalence of HUA.③In terms of different life behaviors, the prevalence of HUA in men who had been smoking was higher than those who had never smoked (57.78%, 28.89%, 13.33%, χ2=8.16, P=0.017). In the relationship between drinking and HUA, the prevalence rates of male always drinking, ever drinking and never drinking were 80.00%, 11.11% and 3.89%, respectively, the difference was statistically significant ( χ2=6.67, P=0.038). ④Multi-factor logistic regression analysis showed that high BMI, old age, high TG, increased Cr and increased WBC were risk factors for the occurrence of HUA [ OR(95% CI)=1.13(1.04, 1.23), 1.03(1.00,1.05),1.39(1.00, 1.93), 1.03(1.02, 1.05), 1.27(1.07, 1.49), all P<0.05]. Conclusion:The prevalence of HUA in Bozidun Kirgiz township in Aksu prefecture of Xinjiang is lower than that in other areas with continental climate. High BMI, old age, high TG, increased Cr and increased WBC count are risk factors for the development of HUA .

Objective:To study the protective effect of Mongolian medicine Bateri-7 on radiation-induced intestinal injury in mice.Methods:C57BL/6J male mice were randomly divided into control group, irradiation group and irradiation plus drug administration group, with 10 or 15 mice in each group. For irradiation group, the mice were given a single dose of 12 Gy 60Co γ-rays with total body irradiation. For drug treatment, the mice were gavaged with Bateri-7 (530 mg/kg) 7 d before irradiation until 3 d after IR. At 6 h and 24 h after irradiation, the Tunel positive cells in intestine were detected immunohistochemically. At 3.5 d after irradiation, the structure of intestinal villi was observed by HE staining, and the BrdU and Ki67 positive cells were detected immunohistochemically. The expression levels of IL-6, TNF-α and Cxcl-5 were detected by qPCR. The FITC-dextran in peripheral blood was also determined. Results:The survival of irradiated mice was significantly increased by Bateri-7 ( χ2= 5.84, P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference in weight between two groups ( P > 0.05). The villi length of small intestine in the irradiation plus drug group was significantly longer than that in the irradiation group ( t = 20.24, P < 0.05), and there was no significant difference in the depth of intestinal crypt between two groups ( P > 0.05). At 6 and 24 h after irradiation, the number of Tunel positive cells in intestinal crypts in the irradiation plus drug group was significantly reduced in comparison with the irradiation group ( t = 3.52, 2.90, P < 0.05). At 3.5 d after irradiation, the level of FITC-dextran in serum and the expressions of IL-6, TNF-α and Cxcl-5 in small intestine of mice in the irradiation plus drug group were significantly lower than those in the irradiation group, respectively( t = 6.92, 7.01, 7.18, 13.16, P < 0.05). The number of BrdU and Ki67 positive cells in the crypt of mice in the irradiation plus drug group was higher than that of the irradiation group ( t = 3.91, 2.57, P < 0.05). Conclusions:Mongolian medicine Bateri-7 can effectively alleviate irradiation-induced intestinal injury of mice, which may have a good preventive and therapeutic effect on radiation enteritis.

BACKGROUND:Recent studies have shown that adipose-derivedmesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) not only have multilineage differentiation potential, but also exert an important role in blood sugar balance and hormone production.OBJECTIVE:To observe the differentiation potential of human ADMSCs (hADMSCs) into functional islet-like cells and the therapeutic effect of hADMSCs transplantation in diabetic rats.METHODS:PDX-1 gene was transfected into hADMSCs by adenovirus. Cell differentiation and insulin secretion were identified and detected by dithizone staining and ELISA, respectively. Twenty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control group (n=4), diabetes group (n=8) and transplantation group (n=8). Rats in the latter two groups were subjected to making diabetic models by 65 mg/kg streptozotocin injection. Afterwards, rats in the transplantation group were given PDX-1 transfected ADMSCs via the tail vein.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:At 15 days after transfection, the number of insulin positive cells and insulin secretion were both increased significantly (P < 0.05). Fasting glucose levels in the transplantation group decreased significantly (P < 0.05), while the body weight increased significantly (P < 0.05). In the diabetic group, the fasting glucose level still maintained at a high level, and the body weight of rats was significantly decreased. These results implicated that PDX-1 gene could induce hADMSCs differentiating into functional islet-like cells. PDX-1 transfected ADMSCs transplantation is effective in treating diabetic rats, but the mechanism needs further study.

[Objective]To study the association between the polymorphisms in the promoter region of Osteopontin(OPN)with hepatitis B virus(HBV)-related HCC.[Methods]A total of 225 cases diagnosed with hepatitis B virus(HBV)-related HCC and 200 age-matched patients with HBV infection without HCC were collected. Three polymorphisms(-156delG/G,-443T/C and-616T/G)in the Osteopontin promoter were genotyped using direct sequencing.[Results]The frequency of-156delG/delG genotype in the HCC group was higher than that of in the control group (P = 0.003). There was a significantly increased frequency of the allele-156delG(P<0.001)in HCC patients. Logistic regression analysis was performed to show an increase HCC risk associated with the delG variant genotype(OR1.64;95%CI 1.25~2.16). There were no differences between the groups in the genotype distributions and allele frequencies of SNP-443T/C and-616T/G.[Conclusion]Our findings suggest that allele-156delG in the Osteopontin promoter may be a marker for risk of HCC with HBV infection in Chinese Han population.

Objective To explore the of miR-10b cordribution in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and adjacent tissues,and to investigate the effect of miR-10b on the malignant change of lung cancer cell A549 by regulating the expression of Kruppel-like factor 4 (KLF4).Methods Fourty patients with NSCLC were selected with lung cancer and in miR-10b expression adjacent tissues of lung cancer cell A549 transfected miR-10b mimics,changes of CCK-8 assay were used to detect the proliferation of lung cancer cells;real time PCR and Western blot were used to examine the cell KLF4 mRNA and protein levels;soft agar colony formation assay was used to detect the expression of miR-10b on the proliferation of lung cancer cell A549 tumor malignant.Results miR-10b expression in lung cancer A549 cells and lung cancer tissue were higher than that of normal lung epithelial 16HBE cells and cancer adjacent tissues;overexpression of miR-10banalogue in A549 cells,KLF4 protein levels significantly decreased,KLF4 mRNA was not changed significantly;miR-10b expression significantly increased the growth of A549 cells.Conclusions The distribution of miR-10b in different cell types and tissues may be different,which may promote the proliferation and malignancy of lung cancer cells by inhibitingthe expression of KLF4.