Objective To understand the changing profiles of antimicrobial susceptibility of the bacterial strains isolated from patients at Liuzhou Workers'Hospital in Guangxi from 2020 to 2022.Methods The bacteria were isolated,identified,and underwent antimicrobial susceptibility testing using VITEK 2 Compact,disk diffusion method,or E-test.The results were interpreted according to the breakpoints recommended by CLSI M100 32nd Edition in 2022.The data were analyzed using WHONET 5.6 software.Results A total of 26 254 nonduplicate strains were collected from 2020 to 2022,including Gram-positive bacteria(27.9％)and gram-negative bacteria(72.1％).The prevalence of methicillin-resistant strains was 20.0％in SS.aureus(MRSA),and 72.2％in coagulase-negative Staphylococcus(MRCNS).Methicillin-resistant staphylococcal strains were more resistant to most antimicrobial agents than methicillin-susceptible strains(MSSA and MSCNS).None of the staphylococcal strains was resistant to vancomycin,linezolid or tigecycline.Enterococcus faecium strains showed higher resistance rates to most antimicrobial agents than Enterococcus faecalis.None of enterococcal strains was resistant to vancomycin.A few enterococcal strains were resistant to linezolid.Overall,691 strains of the non-meningitis Streptococcus pneumoniae were isolated from children and 123 strains were isolated from adults.The prevalence of penicillin-resistant SS.pneumoniae(PRSP)was 0.4％in the strains from children and 1.6％in the strains from adults.None of S.pneumoniae strains was intermediate to penicillin.The prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae(CRKpn)was 1.2％,1.2％,and 13.8％in 2020,2021,and 2022,respectively.The prevalence of carbapenem-resistant P.aeruginosa(CRPae)and carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii(CRAba)was 10.7％and 68.4％in 2020,17.5％and 75.2％in 2021,14.3％and 77.3％in 2022,respectively.About 84.6％of the 1 269 strains of Haemophilus influenzae were isolated from children and 15.4％isolated from adults.The prevalence of beta-lactamase-producing strains was 39.4％in the isolates from children and 46.8％in the isolates from adults.The β-lactamase-producing H.influenzae was resistant to ampicillin.Furthermore,some β-lactamase-nonproducing ampicillin-resistant(BLNAR)H.influenzae strains(27.0％)were also identified.Conclusions Antimicrobial resistance is still serious in this hospital,especially high prevalence of carbapenem-resistant organisms(CRO).Hospital infection prevention and control measures,antibiotic stewardship,and proactive CRO screening should be strengthened.More clinical specimens should be collected for suspected infections.Antimicrobial treatment should be prescribed empirically in time and adjusted when the results of antimicrobial susceptibility testing are available.

Objective To understand the changing profiles of antimicrobial susceptibility of the bacterial strains isolated from patients at Liuzhou Workers'Hospital in Guangxi from 2020 to 2022.Methods The bacteria were isolated,identified,and underwent antimicrobial susceptibility testing using VITEK 2 Compact,disk diffusion method,or E-test.The results were interpreted according to the breakpoints recommended by CLSI M100 32nd Edition in 2022.The data were analyzed using WHONET 5.6 software.Results A total of 26 254 nonduplicate strains were collected from 2020 to 2022,including Gram-positive bacteria(27.9％)and gram-negative bacteria(72.1％).The prevalence of methicillin-resistant strains was 20.0％in SS.aureus(MRSA),and 72.2％in coagulase-negative Staphylococcus(MRCNS).Methicillin-resistant staphylococcal strains were more resistant to most antimicrobial agents than methicillin-susceptible strains(MSSA and MSCNS).None of the staphylococcal strains was resistant to vancomycin,linezolid or tigecycline.Enterococcus faecium strains showed higher resistance rates to most antimicrobial agents than Enterococcus faecalis.None of enterococcal strains was resistant to vancomycin.A few enterococcal strains were resistant to linezolid.Overall,691 strains of the non-meningitis Streptococcus pneumoniae were isolated from children and 123 strains were isolated from adults.The prevalence of penicillin-resistant SS.pneumoniae(PRSP)was 0.4％in the strains from children and 1.6％in the strains from adults.None of S.pneumoniae strains was intermediate to penicillin.The prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae(CRKpn)was 1.2％,1.2％,and 13.8％in 2020,2021,and 2022,respectively.The prevalence of carbapenem-resistant P.aeruginosa(CRPae)and carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii(CRAba)was 10.7％and 68.4％in 2020,17.5％and 75.2％in 2021,14.3％and 77.3％in 2022,respectively.About 84.6％of the 1 269 strains of Haemophilus influenzae were isolated from children and 15.4％isolated from adults.The prevalence of beta-lactamase-producing strains was 39.4％in the isolates from children and 46.8％in the isolates from adults.The β-lactamase-producing H.influenzae was resistant to ampicillin.Furthermore,some β-lactamase-nonproducing ampicillin-resistant(BLNAR)H.influenzae strains(27.0％)were also identified.Conclusions Antimicrobial resistance is still serious in this hospital,especially high prevalence of carbapenem-resistant organisms(CRO).Hospital infection prevention and control measures,antibiotic stewardship,and proactive CRO screening should be strengthened.More clinical specimens should be collected for suspected infections.Antimicrobial treatment should be prescribed empirically in time and adjusted when the results of antimicrobial susceptibility testing are available.

OBJECTIVE: To identify and analyze drug sensitivity of Corynebacterium glucuronolyticum iscolated from clinic, and to provide reference for clinical drug use. METHODS: Two strains isolated from the urine specimens of urolithiasis-induced urinary tract infection patients in our hospital were inoculated into Columbia blood plate and the MacConkey plate. The growth of strains was observed and counted. Protein mass spectrometry of strains was detected by MALDI-TOF-MS. DNA of strains was extracted, and PCR was used to amplify the 16S ribosome RNA (rRNA) sequence. Bi-directional sequencing of 1 500 bp target bands was conducted. Blast comparison between it and GenBank database was conducted to identify bacterial strain. Drug resistance of 2 strains was monitored by Etest assay. RESULTS: Two strains grew on the Columbia blood plate (with colony forming unit ＞105 CFU/mL) and did not grow on the MacConkey plate. Two strains were Gram-positive Corynebacterium and showed palisading or eight type arrangement. Two strains were C. glucuronolyticum by MALDI-TOF-MS identification, with reliability of 99. 9％. The characteristic peaks of m/z 2 431, 3 089, 3 364, 3 378, 4 200, 5 508, 6 302, 6 637, 6 730, 6 946, 12 603 appeared. Blast comparison showed that the sequence homology of 2 strains compared with C. glucuronolyticum strain known in GenBank were higher than 98 ％. Results of drug sensitivity test showed that strain 1 was resistant to ceftriaxone and ciprofloxacin, and sensitive to 14 other antibiotics as penicillin G; strain 2 was resistant to ceftriaxone, erythromycin, ciprofloxacin, tetracycline and clindamycin, moderately sensitive to cefotaxime, and sensitive to 10 other antibiotics. CONCLUSIONS: Two strains are C. glucuronolyticum, and drug resistance of them to commonly used antibiotics is different. The strains are rare pathogen of urinary tract and show multidrug resistance. Antibiotics should be selected according to the results of strain identification and drug sensitivity test.

Objective To analyze the distribution and drug resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae in 0-14 year old children of 0 to 4 year-old in theour hospital.Methods S.pneumoniae were identified by using ma-trix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS).Drug suscepti-bility test was performed by using ATB STREP 5 for each isolate.Penicillin G minimum inhibitory concentra-tion (MIC) was performed by using E-test.Results A total of 327 strains of S.pneumoniae were isolated,a-mong which 287(87.8%)were from sputum,25(7.6%) from the ear secretions,10(2.9%) from the nasal sinuses puncture fluid,and 3(0.9%)from the blood.The most strains were isolated in spring(28.4%),and the least in winter (22%),and there was no significant difference in the separation rate among the four sea-sons (P<0.05).The sensitivity rate,intermediate rate and drug resistant rate of non meningitis S.pneumoni-ae strains to penicillin G were 97.9%,0.6%,1.5%,respectively.The resistance rates of the bacteria to eryth-romycin,clindamycin,compoundtrimethoprim sulfamethoxazole and tetracycline were relatively high,a small number of levofloxacin resistant strains were found,and vancomycin and quinopin /Dafoe-P resistant strains were not detected.The resistance rates of penicillin G,penicillin resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae (PRSP) and penicillin inter mediated Streptococcus pneumoniae (PISP)to amoxicillin and cefotaximeto were markedly higher than that of penicillin G sensitive Streptococcus pneumoniae (PSSP),and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01).A total of 227 strains of multidrug resistance Streptococcus pneumoniae (69.4%)were isolated,which were resistant to erythromycin,tetracycline,trimethopri compoundm-sulfamethoxazol and clin-damycin(46.2%).Conclusion The drug resistance monitoring of Streptococcus pneumoniae in children can not be ignored.The drug resistance of the bacteria to penicillin G is low.Penicillin G is still a cheap and effec-tive drug for the treatment of Streptococcus pneumoniae infection.

Objective To investigate the survival status of people with disabilities in urban areas of Lanzhou, China and discuss the correlation of their quality of life to disability attitude and quality of care and support of disabled people. Methods From August to November, 2016, 606 persons with disability registered in Chengguan District of Lanzhou were selected by multistage stratified cluster sampling. They were investigated in home-based visit with World Health Organization Quality of Life-Disability Scale for physical disability, World Health Organization-Disability Attitude Scale and World Health Organization Quality of Care and Support Scale-Disability Scale. Results The quality of life scored in average of (40.76±14.79), and different with the demographic characteristics (P<0.05). Pearson's correlation analysis showed that the score in all fields of quality of life and the total score positively correlated with most dimensions of disability attitude score (r>0.080, P<0.05) and most dimensions score of quality of care and support (r>0.083, P<0.05).Conclusion It is important to strengthen the precise security system for people with disabilities, and strive to establish a full-cycle, all-round social support system for them.

Objective To develop a RP-HPLC method for the determination of Brucine and Strychnine in Semen Strychni and its extractive of total alkaloids. Methods A chromatographic column of Licrospher C18 (4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm) was used with the mobile phase of acetonitrile∶0.01 mol/L sodium heptane sulfonate and 0.02 mol/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate mixed with equal amount (adjusted pH to 2.8 with 10% phosphonic acid)=27∶73, detection wavelength at 260 nm, column temperature of 30 ℃ and flow rate of 1 mL/min. Results The calibration curves of Brucine and Strychnine were both in good linearity in the ranges of 0.1-1.0 μg and 0.12-1.2 μg (r=1.000) respectively. The average recovery rates of Brucine and Strychnine were 99.88% (RSD=1.06%) and 100.06% (RSD=0.78%) respectively. Conclusion The method is realiable and accurate, which can be applied to determination of Brucine and Strychnine in Semen Strychi and its extractive.