Objective:To analyze the risk factors of anxiety and depression in prostate cancer patients after castration, and establish a risk prediction model.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the data of 60 prostate cancer patients treated in Xi′an People′s Hospital from January 2019 to January 2022. The patients were divided into a training group ( n=42) and a validation group ( n=18) at a ratio of 7∶3. The patients received surgical castration and medical castration. One month after castration, the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) were used to evaluate the anxiety symptoms and depression levels of the patients, respectively. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify the risk factors for negative emotions in prostate cancer patients after castration, and a risk prediction model was established. Results:In the training group, 19 patients had a SAS score ≥50, and 21 patients had an SDS score ≥50. Based on these scores, the training group was divided into a negative emotion group ( n=19) and an emotional stability group ( n=23). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that marital status, castration scheme, and postoperative Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score were independent influencing factors for negative emotions in prostate cancer patients after castration ( OR=3.589, 3.364, 5.912, all P<0.05). In both the training group and the validation group, the risk scores of patients with negative emotions were significantly higher than those with emotional stability. In the training group, the area under the curve (AUC) of the risk prediction model for predicting negative emotions was 0.747, with a specificity of 71.02% and a sensitivity of 66.11%; in the validation group, the AUC, specificity, and sensitivity were 0.761, 66.59%, and 76.21%, respectively. The Hosmer-Lemeshow test showed that χ 2 was 4.285 6, P value was 0.830, and the c-index was 0.773(0.692-0.854). The calibration curve showed that the predicted curve was basically consistent with the actual curve, indicating that the prediction model had good discriminative ability and accuracy. Decision curve analysis showed that the model had high clinical significance. Conclusions:Marital status, castration scheme, and postoperative VAS score are important factors affecting anxiety and depression in prostate cancer patients after castration, and the regression model can successfully predict the risk of negative emotions.

Objective:To analyze the risk factors of anxiety and depression in prostate cancer patients after castration, and establish a risk prediction model.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the data of 60 prostate cancer patients treated in Xi′an People′s Hospital from January 2019 to January 2022. The patients were divided into a training group ( n=42) and a validation group ( n=18) at a ratio of 7∶3. The patients received surgical castration and medical castration. One month after castration, the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) were used to evaluate the anxiety symptoms and depression levels of the patients, respectively. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify the risk factors for negative emotions in prostate cancer patients after castration, and a risk prediction model was established. Results:In the training group, 19 patients had a SAS score ≥50, and 21 patients had an SDS score ≥50. Based on these scores, the training group was divided into a negative emotion group ( n=19) and an emotional stability group ( n=23). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that marital status, castration scheme, and postoperative Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score were independent influencing factors for negative emotions in prostate cancer patients after castration ( OR=3.589, 3.364, 5.912, all P<0.05). In both the training group and the validation group, the risk scores of patients with negative emotions were significantly higher than those with emotional stability. In the training group, the area under the curve (AUC) of the risk prediction model for predicting negative emotions was 0.747, with a specificity of 71.02% and a sensitivity of 66.11%; in the validation group, the AUC, specificity, and sensitivity were 0.761, 66.59%, and 76.21%, respectively. The Hosmer-Lemeshow test showed that χ 2 was 4.285 6, P value was 0.830, and the c-index was 0.773(0.692-0.854). The calibration curve showed that the predicted curve was basically consistent with the actual curve, indicating that the prediction model had good discriminative ability and accuracy. Decision curve analysis showed that the model had high clinical significance. Conclusions:Marital status, castration scheme, and postoperative VAS score are important factors affecting anxiety and depression in prostate cancer patients after castration, and the regression model can successfully predict the risk of negative emotions.

AIM:To explore the impact of sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 5(S1PR5)on lipopolysaccha-ride(LPS)-induced neuroinflammation and cognitive-behavioral impairments in mice,alongside the anti-inflammatory im-pacts on BV2 cells and associated mechanisms.METHODS:(1)C57BL/6 wild-type(WT)mice and homozygous S1PR5 knockout(KO)mice were utilized and categorized into WT control,WT-LPS,S1PR5 KO control,and S1PR5 KO-LPS groups using the random number method.Neuroinflammatory models in mice were induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of 5 mg/kg LPS in the WT-LPS and S1PR5 KO-LPS groups,while an equivalent volume of saline was injected in-to the WT control and S1PR5 KO control groups.Following 7 days of modeling,the Morris water maze test was conducted,followed by the collection of brain tissues from each group of mice.Hippocampal tissue sections were stained with Nissl.The mRNA expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin-1β(IL-1β)and IL-6 in hippocampal tis-sues were determined using RT-qPCR.Western blot and tissue immunofluorescence techniques were employed to assess the expression of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3(NLRP3)in hippocampal tissues.(2)The BV2 cells underwent LPS stimulation to induce an inflammatory response and were treated with either the S1PR5 ago-nist A971432 or lentiviral overexpression of S1PR5.The effects of S1PR5 agonism or overexpression on S1PR5,IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-α,and CD206 were assessed using RT-qPCR.Additionally,CD206 expression was examined via cellular im-munofluorescence.Western blot was employed to analyze the protein levels of microglia polarization markers CD206,in-ducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS),cyclooxygenase 2(COX2),and NLRP3,as well as p-NF-κB,cleaved caspase-1,and IκBα.RESULTS:(1)Findings from in vivo experiments indicated that S1PR5 KO notably exacerbated LPS-induced memory impairments in mice,alongside increased mRNA levels of IL-1β and IL-6,and increased protein levels of NLRP3 in the hippocampus.(2)The presence of S1PR5 in BV2 cells remained unaffected by variations in A971432 concentration and exposure duration.(3)Activation of S1PR5 or its overexpression significantly mitigated LPS-induced expression of IL-1β,IL-6,and TNF-α,while concurrently enhancing CD206 expression in BV2 cells at the mRNA level.At the protein level,it led to a noteworthy increase in CD206 expression,indicative of M2-type macrophages,and a reduction in the ex-pression of iNOS and COX2,markers of M1-type macrophages.Furthermore,it downregulated NLRP3,p-NF-κB,and cleaved caspase-1 expression,while upregulating IκBα expression.CONCLUSION:S1PR5 deficiency exacerbates cog-nitive deficits in mice by promoting neuroinflammatory responses induced by LPS.

Aim The key genes for necroptosis in atherosclerosis were screened by bioinformatics methods and verified with the help of in vitro experiments to provide new strategies for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis from the perspective of necroptosis.Methods Genes related to atherosclerotic plaques were downloaded from GEO da-tabase,and genes related to necroptosis were downloaded from GeneCards database and intersected to obtain atherosclerotic necroptosis genes,and the mechanism of action and signalling pathways of the genes were further analysed by GO and KEGG enrichment analysis,and the protein-protein interaction(PPI)network was constructed and screened for key genes.Finally,macrophages were treated with oxidized low density lipoprotein(oa-LDL)at a final concentration of 100 mg/L,and the expression of key genes was detected by RT-PCR and Western blot.Results A total of 81 atherosclerotic nec-roptosis genes were obtained.GO and KEGG enrichment analyses revealed that they were mainly enriched in the positive regulation of endopeptidase activity,IκB kinase(IKK)/nuclear factor-KB(NF-κB)signalling,and autophagy signalling pathway.Five key genes including HSPA8,STAT3,HMOX1,SQSTM1 and FAS were obtained by using five computa-tional methods of Cytoscape software cytoHubba plug-in.Compared with the normal control group,the HMOX1 gene was highly expressed in THP-1 macrophages treated with ox-LDL(P＜0.05),while the expression of the HSPA8,STAT3,SQSTM1 and FAS genes showed no significant changes(P＞0.05);the HMOX1 and SQSTM1 genes were highly expressed in RAW264.7 macrophages treated with ox-LDL(P＜0.05),while HSPA8,STAT3 and FAS genes showed no significant changes(P＞0.05).The expression of HMOX1 protein in THP-1 macrophages was also increased.Conclusion HMOX1 may be the key gene of atherosclerotic necroptosis,and it is expected to become a new target for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the clinical effectiveness and safety of acupuncture with manipulation for lumbar disc herniation in remission period. MethodsOne hundred and four patients with lumbar disc herniation in remission were randomly divided into a treatment group and a control group， with 52 cases in each group. Treatment group applied acupuncture with manipulation of pointing， pulling， and shaking. Acupoints were selected as lumbar Jiaji （EX-B2， bilateral）， Ashi point， Shenshu （BL 23， bilateral）， Huantiao （GB 30， bilateral）， Weizhong （BL 40， opposite side of the affected area）， Chengshan （BL 57， opposite side of the affected area）. The control group applied lumbar traction plus acupoint ultrasonic pulse penetration therapy （acupoints selection same as the treatment group）； 20 minutes each time， 3 times a week， a total of 3 weeks for both groups. The primary outcome was the improvement rate of lumbar disc herniation symptoms and signs， which was calculated at 1 week of treatment， 3 weeks of treatment， 1 month follow-up， and 3 months follow-up， respectively； the secondary outcome were the Japanese Orthopaedic Association （JOA） scores， Visual Analogue Scale （VAS） scores， and Oswestry Disability Index （ODI） scores （including ODI total scores， sitting scores and standing scores）， which were evaluated before treatment， 1 week of treatment， 3 weeks of treatment， 1 month follow-up， and 3 months follow-up； clinical effectiveness was assessed at 3 months follow-up； and the occurrence of adverse events in the participants， as well as blood routine， urine routine， stool routine， and electrocardiograms before and after the treatment were recorded to evaluate safety. ResultsTwo patients from each group fell out， and 50 patients of each group were included in the outcome analysis ultimately. The scores of lumbar disc herniation symptoms and signs improved more in the treatment group than in the control group at 1 week of treatment， 3 weeks of treatment， 1 month follow-up and 3 months follow-up （P＜0.01）. The JOA scores of participants in both groups at 1 week of treatment， 3 weeks of treatment， 1 month follow-up and 3 months follow-up were higher than those before treatment in the same group， and the VAS scores， ODI total scores， ODI sitting scores and standing scores were significantly lower than those before treatment in the same group （P＜0.05）， and the JOA scores of patients in the treatment group were higher than those of the control group at all time points， and the VAS scores， ODI total scores， ODI sitting scores and standing score were lower than those of the control group （P＜0.05）. At the 3 months follow-up， the excellent rate of the treatment group was 70.00% （35/50） better than that of the control group， which was 50.00% （25/50） （P＜0.05）. There were no abnormalities in blood， urine， stool routines and electrocardiograms before and after treatment in both groups， and no adverse events occurred. ConclusionAcupuncture with manipulation of pointing， pulling， and shaking for treating patients with lumbar disc herniation in remission has a better safety on pain relief and improving quality of life， and the effectiveness is better than lumbar traction plus acupoint ultrasonic pulse penetration therapy.

Objective:To investigate the role of subcutaneous negative pressure drainage device in the prevention of surgical site infections (SSI) of superficial incisional in lower digestive tract open surgeries.Methods:Clinical data of 104 patients receiving open surgeries on lower digestive tract at Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University from October 2018 to June 2020 was analyzed by a propensity score matching (PSM), and the clinical data of 104 patients receiving open surgeries on lower digestive tract at Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University from February to December 2021 was analyzed by a randomized controlled trial (RCT). Chi-square tests were conducted to analyze the association of subcutaneous negative pressure drainage device with SSI of superficial incisional. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis were used to identify the risk factors for SSI in superficial incisions.Results:Patients with subcutaneous negative pressure drainage device encounter significantly less SSI of superficial incisional in both the PSM study ( P=0.007) and the RCT study ( P=0.049). In the PSM study, the independent risk factors for SSI of superficial incisional via univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis were absence of subcutaneous drainage ( Puni=0.012, Pmulti=0.009) and postoperative anastomosis leak ( Puni=0.054, Pmulti=0.034). In the RCT study, the independent risk factors for SSI of superficial incisional via univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis were absence of subcutaneous drainage ( Puni=0.061, Pmulti=0.017), eldly ( Puni=0.076, Pmulti=0.032), long incision ( Puni=0.078, Pmulti=0.040). Conclusion:Subcutaneous negative pressure drainage device can significantly reduce SSI of superficial incisional in lower digestive tract open surgeries.

Objective    To evaluate the survival results of surgical resection (SR) and CT-guided percutaneous ablation (PA) for stageⅠnon-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods    The PubMed, Web of Science, EMbase, The Cochrane Library, CNKI, VIP, Wanfang databases from inception to June 2021 were searched to collect comparative studies on the survival results between SR and CT-guided PA treatment for stageⅠNSCLC. RevMan 5.3 software was used for statistical analysis of data. Results    A total of 3 114 patients were included in 11 studies. The results of meta-analysis showed that compared with the PA group, the SR group had a higher 2-year postoperative overall survival (OS) rate (OR=1.44, 95%CI 1.00-2.06, P=0.05), 3-year postoperative OS rate (OR=2.37, 95%CI 1.47-3.81, P<0.001), 5-year OS rate (OR=1.64, 95%CI 1.19-2.28, P<0.01), 5-year progression-free survival rate after operation (OR=2.43, 95%CI 1.54-3.82, P<0.001) and lower local recurrence rate (OR=0.26, 95%CI 0.13-0.54, P<0.001). There were no statistical differences between the two groups in terms of 1-year postoperative OS rate, 1-year, 2-year, and 3-year tumor-related survival rates, 1-year, 2-year tumor-free survival rates, or distant postoperative recurrence rate (P>0.05). Conclusion    For patients with stageⅠNSCLC with optimal basic conditions, surgery is a more appropriate treatment. For patients who cannot withstand surgical injuries or refuse surgery, CT-guided PA is also a potential alternative treatment. However, this conclusion needs  to be verified by prospective controlled trials with larger sample sizes and a more rigorous design.

Objective To develop a simplified phantom for the calibration of whole-body counters. Methods A simplified phantom design method for the calibration of whole-body counters was established based on the process and method of calibrating whole-body counters. By using the established method and Monte Carlo method, a simplified phantom including the total body, thyroid, lungs, and gastrointestinal tract was designed to calibrate the ORTEC-Stand FAST II whole-body counter. The simplified phantom was compared with the BOMAB phantom through experimental measurements. Results Within the range of 50 keV to 2 MeV, for rays of the same energy in the same organ of the simplified phantom and BOMAB phantom, the simulated data of detection efficiency by whole-body counting showed an error within 5%, and the experimental measurements showed an error within 10%. Conclusion We developed a simplified phantom for the calibration of the whole-body counter, demonstrating the feasibility of using the simplified phantom instead of a physical body phantom for whole-body counter calibration, which can greatly facilitate whole-body counter calibration for internal radiation monitoring.

Objective:To study the clinical results of personalized surgical treatment for portal hypertension based on portal venous hemodynamics.Methods:A retrospective study was performed on patients with portal hypertension who underwent surgical treatment from January 2016 to December 2020 at the People’s Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region and Wuhai People’s Hospital. Of 229 patients included into this study, there were 156 males and 73 females, with age of (4±11) years old. Portal vein CT and ultrasound doppler examination were performed preoperatively and portal vein manometry and ultrasound doppler examination were performed intraoperatively to evaluate portal venous hemodynamics. Based on the evaluation results, different surgical treatments were adopted. Postoperative complications and results of the operations were recorded. Long-term outcomes were evaluated by the rate of recurrence of gastroesophageal varices which was classified as disappearance, mild, moderate and severe according to endoscopic findings.Results:All the 229 patients completed the operations successfully. All together 13 operative treatments were used: (1) simple splenectomy ( n=11); (2) devascularization ( n=176), including 86 patients with splenectomy combined with extensive devascularization, 44 patients with splenectomy combined with selective devascularization and with preservation of paraesophageal veins, 39 patients with splenectomy combined with selective devascularization and reconstruction of spontaneous portosystemic shunt (34 patients with selective devascularization and reconstruction of spontaneous gastrorenal shunt and 5 patients with selective devascularization and reconstruction of spontaneous splenorenal shunt), 4 patients with secondary devascularization for variceal recurrence and 3 patients with devascularization and preservation of spleen; (3) shunt procedures were performed in 42 patients including 21 patients with splenectomy combined with coronary renal shunt, 11 patients with splenectomy combined with coronary-caval shunt, 6 patients with distal splenorenal shunt, 2 patients with proximal splenorenal shunt combined with devascularization, 1 patient with right gastroepiploic vein-inferior vena cava shunt and 1 patient with trans-inferior mesenteric vein coronary renal shunt. There were no operative deaths. The Clavien-Dindo grade 3 and above postoperative complication rate was 6.6% (15/229). Two hundred and eight patients were followed up for 6-60 months, with a median follow-up of 38 months. Severe recurrent varices were found in 21 patients (10.1%, 21/208), with 5 patients (2.4%, 5/208) presented with variceal bleeding. The rate of severe varices after selective shunting and selective devascularization by reconstructing the spontaneous portosystemic shunt (4.2%, 3/72) was significantly lower than that of the other devascularization procedures (13.7%, 17/124)(χ 2=4.53, P=0.033). Conclusion:Better clinical results were achieved by selecting the appropriate surgical procedures based on portal venous hemodynamic characteristics of patients. Selective shunting and selective devascularization by reconstructing the spontaneous portosystemic shunts significantly reduced the recurrence rate of severe varies.

The European Society for Vascular Surgery (ESVS) 2022 clinical practice guidelines showed us venous thrombosis management in January 2022. In terms of iliac vein diseases, it retained some guiding views, upgraded some guiding views, and added some new views compared with the version 2015. It has good guidance and reference significance for medical staff and patients. The part of the guidelines about iliac vein disease is worth our interpretation.