Hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） is a malignant tumor with high incidence and mortality rates worldwide. Recent studies have shown that neutrophil extracellular traps （NETs） play an important role in the development， progression， and immune escape of HCC. NETs are released by neutrophils and mainly consist of DNA， histones， and antimicrobial molecules， and in addition to immune defense， they are also involved in the initiation， metastasis， and thrombosis of HCC. This article elaborates on the formation and regulatory mechanisms of NETs， explores their potential mechanisms in the initiation， metastasis， immune escape， and thrombosis of HCC， and discusses the prospect of NETs as a target for the diagnosis and treatment of HCC， in order to provide new ideas for the precise treatment of HCC in the future and promote the early diagnosis and effective treatment of HCC.

At present, research on the efficacy of local physical cooling devices is mainly based on clinical observation, but there is relatively little research on evaluating the effectiveness of local cold therapy cooling and the penetration depth. This study is based on the research of the structure and morphology of local muscle tissue in the human body, as well as the heat transfer characteristics and mechanisms of the human body. A simulation phantom of human muscle tissue under temperature cycling was created, and the differences in evaluating the effectiveness of local cold therapy between the human body and the simulation phantom were compared. This provides a new evaluation method for evaluating the cooling effectiveness of local physical cooling equipment.
Humans ; Phantoms, Imaging ; Hypothermia, Induced/methods*

Objective To explore the cost-benefit of computerized tomography perfusion imaging(CTP)in guiding endovascular treatment of patients with large vessel occlusion associated with delayed time window.Methods A total of 365 patients with great vascular occlusive stroke associated with delayed time window(6-24 h),who were admitted to the Tangshan Municipal Workers' Hospital of China to receive endovascular treatment from January 2016 to February 2022,were enrolled in this study.Based on whether the patient received CTP imaging guidance or not,the treatment cost and benefit of different treatment strategies were analyzed.Modified Rankin scale(mRS)was used to evaluate the patient's postoperative 3-month and 12-month neurological functions.The decision tree-Markov model was used to make cost-benefit analysis.Probability sensitivity analysis(PSA)was used to assess the influence of parameter uncertainty.Results The operation cost of CTP-guided endovascular treatment of large vessel occlusion was 1 526.87 Chinese yuan.According to the calculation method of disease and sequelae burden,it could bring direct burden of 1 089.23 Chinese yuan,direct+indirect burden of 3 204.85 Chinese yuan and direct+indirect+intangible burden of 5 083.07 Chinese yuan.Each Chinese yuan could get 0.178 8,0.231 8 and 0.263 4 earnings,respectively.The therapeutic cost of CTP-guided endovascular treatment of great vascular occlusive stroke was 26 689.13 Chinese yuan,producing 2.065 quality-adjusted life-year(QALY)for each patient,while the therapeutic cost and QALY of non-CTP-guided endovascular treatment were 33 299.07 Chinese yuan and 1.776 QALY respectively.PAS-analyzed incremental cost-benefit ratio(ICER)and incremental net monetary benefit(iNMB)were 22 592.82 and 7 846.43 respectively.At the cost-benefit threshold of ￥50 000/QALY,the probability that CTP guidance could get cost-benefit was up to 90.0％.The tornado chart analysis of one-way sensitivity analysis revealed that the initial mRS distribution guided by CTP had the greatest influence on iNMB,followed by the cost input in the first three months after operation.Conclusion For patients with great vascular occlusive stroke associated with delayed time window,CTP-guided endovascular treatment has high cost-benefit and effect value.

Autoimmune oophoritis is a rare cause of primary ovarian insufficiency(POI), and some patients may also have concurrent adrenal insufficiency. This condition significantly impairs reproductive function and is often difficult to distinguish from common causes of POI, leading to missed or incorrect diagnoses. This paper reports a case of autoimmune oophoritis treated in our department and provides an updated summary of recent advances in the understanding of this condition, with the aim of raising clinical awareness and improving diagnostic accuracy among healthcare professionals.

Objective To establish a rapid on-site detection method for methamphetamine(MA)based on surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy(SERS).Methods Laboratory-synthesized colloidal silver nanoparticles(AgNPs)were employed as SERS substrates to rapidly detect methamphetamine in typical crime scene matrices,including beer,cigarette ash,and plastic containers.Results The method requires no sample pretreatment,is simple to operate,and offers high sensitivity with fast detection speed.The limit of detection(LOD)reached 10 ppb(signal-to-noise ratio,S/N＞3).The qualitative results of methamphetamine analysis from forensic case samples were highly consistent with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)findings.Conclusion Methamphetamine is frequently encountered in illicit settings and criminal activities.This study achieved rapid detection of methamphetamine in complex matrices(beer,cigarette ash,and plastic containers),demonstrating good application prospects in practice and providing important value for law enforcement,public safety,and criminal investigation.

Objective To establish a rapid on-site detection method for methamphetamine(MA)based on surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy(SERS).Methods Laboratory-synthesized colloidal silver nanoparticles(AgNPs)were employed as SERS substrates to rapidly detect methamphetamine in typical crime scene matrices,including beer,cigarette ash,and plastic containers.Results The method requires no sample pretreatment,is simple to operate,and offers high sensitivity with fast detection speed.The limit of detection(LOD)reached 10 ppb(signal-to-noise ratio,S/N＞3).The qualitative results of methamphetamine analysis from forensic case samples were highly consistent with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)findings.Conclusion Methamphetamine is frequently encountered in illicit settings and criminal activities.This study achieved rapid detection of methamphetamine in complex matrices(beer,cigarette ash,and plastic containers),demonstrating good application prospects in practice and providing important value for law enforcement,public safety,and criminal investigation.

Autoimmune oophoritis is a rare cause of primary ovarian insufficiency(POI), and some patients may also have concurrent adrenal insufficiency. This condition significantly impairs reproductive function and is often difficult to distinguish from common causes of POI, leading to missed or incorrect diagnoses. This paper reports a case of autoimmune oophoritis treated in our department and provides an updated summary of recent advances in the understanding of this condition, with the aim of raising clinical awareness and improving diagnostic accuracy among healthcare professionals.

Colon cancer is a common malignant tumor in the gastrointestinal tract,with morbidity and mortality rates increasing every year.Currently,the etiology of colon cancer has not been fully elucidated.With the deepening of colon cancer research and treatment,it is especially important to establish corresponding preclinical in vivo models.In the treatment of colon cancer,Chinese medicine follows the principle of diagnosis and treatment,adopts the method of supporting the positive and dispelling the evil,adjusts the body's qi and blood,and the deficiency of internal organs to maintain the balance of the body's yin and yang,so as to achieve the purpose of anti-tumor.Chinese medicine animal models of colon cancer can be broadly divided into five categories:damp-heat accumulation,qi stagnation and blood stasis,qi and blood deficiency,spleen and kidney yang deficiency and liver and kidney yin deficiency.Western animal models of colon cancer are commonly divided into 4 categories:spontaneous,induced,transplanted and genetically engineered.The paper summarizes the construction methods and characteristics of colon cancer animal models currently commonly used in Chinese and western medicine,and summarizes,analyzes and concludes the colon cancer animal models based on three aspects:how to select animal models,comparison of Chinese and western medicine modeling methods and evaluation of modeling success,with a view to finding suitable modeling methods for preclinical experiments,so as to provide guidance for the selection of animal models of colon cancer.

Colon cancer is a common malignant tumor in the gastrointestinal tract,with morbidity and mortality rates increasing every year.Currently,the etiology of colon cancer has not been fully elucidated.With the deepening of colon cancer research and treatment,it is especially important to establish corresponding preclinical in vivo models.In the treatment of colon cancer,Chinese medicine follows the principle of diagnosis and treatment,adopts the method of supporting the positive and dispelling the evil,adjusts the body's qi and blood,and the deficiency of internal organs to maintain the balance of the body's yin and yang,so as to achieve the purpose of anti-tumor.Chinese medicine animal models of colon cancer can be broadly divided into five categories:damp-heat accumulation,qi stagnation and blood stasis,qi and blood deficiency,spleen and kidney yang deficiency and liver and kidney yin deficiency.Western animal models of colon cancer are commonly divided into 4 categories:spontaneous,induced,transplanted and genetically engineered.The paper summarizes the construction methods and characteristics of colon cancer animal models currently commonly used in Chinese and western medicine,and summarizes,analyzes and concludes the colon cancer animal models based on three aspects:how to select animal models,comparison of Chinese and western medicine modeling methods and evaluation of modeling success,with a view to finding suitable modeling methods for preclinical experiments,so as to provide guidance for the selection of animal models of colon cancer.

[Objective]To explore the relationship between peripheral arterial disease(PAD)and diabetic retinopathy(DR)in type 2 diabetes patients.[Methods]A total of 99 patients diagnosed with PAD were classified into grade 1-3 by their total scores of peripheral arterial stenosis assessed by color doppler ultrasound examinations,where the degree of stenosis 30% ~ 49% scored 0, 50%~99%scored 1,lumen occlusion(i.e. degree of stenosis 100%)scored 2,and therefore the total score 0-2 was categorized into Grade 1 ,3~4 into Grade 2 ,5~12 into Grade 3. The bilateral anterior tibial artery ,posterior tibial artery and dorsalis pedis artery of these patients were analyzed. The presence of diabetic retinopathy(DR)was graded from retinal photographs using a standard protocol.[Results]Among 99 cases of type 2 diabetic patients with peripheral arterial disease ,58.6%of them were male with average age of 67.3 ± 7.9 years old. Patients of Grade 1,Grade2,Grade 3 lesion accounted for 45.4%,30.3%,24.2%,respectively. Age, gender,smoking history,SBP,DBP,BMI,FBG,TC,TG,LDL-C,HDL-C,HbA1C among 3 groups were not statistically signifi-cant. The associations of DM duration and HbA1C value were significantly larger in DR than in PAD. The proportion of DR patients increased with the severity degree of PAD(p for trend=0.004). Degree of stenosis Grade 2 and Grade 3 could be predictive for DR.[Conclusions]DR is associated with the severity degree of PAD in type 2 diabetes patients as evaluated by duplex ultrasonography.Degree of stenosis Grade 2 and 3 could be used for screening or finding DR. Strategies for optimum treatment and early prevention are needed.