Objective: To investigate the factors influencing the co-prevalence of allergic rhinitis and obesity among primary and secondary school students in Inner Mongolia, so as to provide a data foundation and theoretical basis for developing targeted intervention measures. Methods: In September and October 2024, a stratified cluster random sampling method was employed to select 139 102 students from 539 schools across 12 leagues/cities and 103 banners/counties in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. Participants who were diagnosed with allergic rhinitis by a doctor at least once within one year and had a body mass index ≥ 28 kg/m 2 were considered to have comorbid conditions. Results: The coprevalence rate of allergic rhinitis and obesity among primary and secondary school students in Inner Mongolia was 6.4% (8 931 cases). Lasso-Logistic regression revealed that nonboarding status, higher maternal education, consuming high protein foods ≥1 time daily, occasionally or never eating breakfast, engaging in moderate to vigorous physical activity for ≥60 minutes on fewer than half of holidays, and having been exposed to second hand smoke in person within the past seven days were associated with higher odds ratios for co-prevalence of allergic rhinitis and obesity( OR = 1.23 , 1.22-1.63, 1.20, 1.19, 1.38, 1.35); being female, higher grade level, residence in flag/county/district areas, non only child status, never having consumed a full glass of alcohol, non hypertensive status, and households without pets were associated with lower co-prevalence risks ( OR =0.65, 0.67-0.77, 0.81, 0.87, 0.73, 0.41, 0.68) (all P <0.05). The ROC curve indicated an area under the curve of 0.64 for the predictive model, demonstrating satisfactory discriminatory ability. The calibration curve showed consistency between predicted and actual occurrence probabilities. Conclusions The co-prevalence of allergic rhinitis and obesity among primary and secondary school students in Inner Mongolia is closely associated with demographic characteristics, dietary behaviours, and lifestyle habits. Future prevention and control strategies should prioritize these factors to implement targeted interventions.

Stroke is one of the leading causes of disability and mortality worldwide. Research into its mechanisms and the development of therapeutic strategies heavily rely on animal models that accurately replicate the pathological features of human disease. An ideal animal model for stroke should not only reproduce the neurological deficits and pathological changes observed in clinical patients but also demonstrate good reproducibility and translational value. This review focuses on the preparation and evaluation methods of ischemic stroke animal models. Firstly, it elaborates on the selection criteria, advantages, and disadvantages of experimental animals, including rodents (rats, mice) and non-rodents (non-human primates, miniature pigs, rabbits, zebrafish). Secondly, it provides a detailed overview of the modeling principles, key procedures, and application scopes for ischemic stroke models and hemorrhagic stroke models. Furthermore, the review summarizes advances in the applications of emerging technologies—including gene editing [e.g., clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) gene editing], multimodal imaging (e.g., two-photon microscopy, photoacoustic imaging), artificial intelligence, optogenetics, 3D bioprinting, organoid models, and multi-omics–in model optimization, precise assessment, and mechanistic investigation. Finally, based on a systematic analysis of relevant domestic and international literature from 2019 to 2024, this review discusses model selection strategies based on research objectives, a multidimensional evaluation system encompassing behavioral, imaging, and molecular pathological assessments, and envisions future directions involving technological integration to achieve model precision and individualization. This article aims to provide a comprehensive methodological reference to help researchers select appropriate animal models of stroke according to specific scientific questions.

BACKGROUND:Acute exercise tends to cause skeletal muscle tissue damage and lipid metabolism disorders in vivo,but the mechanism by which acute exercise combined with electroacupuncture modulates metabolic and autophagic pathways in vivo is unclear. OBJECTIVE:To observe the changes in metabolic enzymes and autophagy levels in skeletal muscle of rats subjected to acute exercise by electroacupuncture at the acupoints of"Zusanli"and"Huantiao." METHODS:Fifty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups:quiet control group(n=10),model group(n=20),and reverse electroacupuncture group(n=20).The latter two groups were set up with two time points,i.e.immediate and 3 hours after exercise groups(n=10 per time point).The model group and the reverse electroacupuncture group underwent acute exercise training after adaptive treadmill training.The rats in the reverse electroacupuncture group underwent electroacupuncture treatment(parameters:electroacupuncture on both sides of the rats at the acupoints of"Zusanli"and"Huantiao,"continuous wave,frequency of 2 Hz,intensity of 2 mA,leaving the needle in the body for 30 minutes,once a day for 7 consecutive days)before treadmill training.Bilateral gastrocnemius muscle tissues were taken under anesthesia immediately after exercise and 3 hours after exercise,and hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to observe the histopathological changes of rat skeletal muscle.ELISA kit was used to detect the activities of hepatic lipase,fatty acid synthase,hormone-sensitive lipase,and carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 in rat skeletal muscle tissues.Immunohistochemistry and western blot were used to detect the changes in the expression of autophagy genes. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After hematoxylin-eosin staining,the arrangement of gastrocnemius muscle fibers in the model group was disturbed,swollen and ruptured immediately after exercise and 3 hours after exercise.In the reverse electroacupuncture group,gastrocnemius muscle fibers were tightly arranged and the number of swollen and ruptured cells was greatly reduced immediately after exercise and 3 hours after exercise,and there was no significant difference when compared with the quiet control group.Compared with the quiet control group,the activities of hepatic lipase and fatty acid synthase were lower while the activities of lipoprotein lipase,hormone-sensitive lipase,and carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 were higher in the model group and the reverse electroacupuncture group 3 hours after exercise(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).Compared with the model group,the activities of lipoprotein lipase and carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 were higher in the reverse electroacupuncture group immediately after exercise(P＜0.05),while the activity of lipoprotein lipase was higher and the activity of hormone-sensitive lipase was lower in the reverse electroacupuncture group 3 hours after exercise(P＜0.01).Immunohistochemical results showed that compared with the quiet control group,the expression of P62,autophagy-related gene 5 and autophagy-related gene 7 was higher in the model group immediately and 3 hours after exercise,as well as in the reverse electroacupuncture group immediately after exercise(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01);compared with the model group,the expression of P62 and autophagy-related gene 7 was lower in the reverse electroacupuncture group immediately and 3 hours after exercise(P＜0.05).Western blot results showed that the protein expression of P62 and autophagy-related gene 7 in the reverse electroacupuncture group was lower than that in the model group immediately after exercise(P＜0.05);the protein expression of Parkin in the model group was higher than that in the quiet control group immediately and 3 hours after exercise(P＜0.05);and the protein expression of Parkin in the reverse electroacupuncture group was lower than that in the model group immediately and 3 hours after exercise(P＜0.05).To conclude,acute exercise induces disorders,swelling and rupture of gastrocnemius muscle fibers in rats and electroacupuncture on both sides of the acupoints of"Zusanli"and"Huantiao"can improve the level of lipid metabolism and regulate autophagy cells in rat skeletal muscle,preventing the disorders of lipid metabolism and damage of gastrocnemius muscle tissues caused by acute exercise.The mechanism may be closely related to the regulation of autophagy-related factor P62,autophagy-related gene 5,autophagy-related gene 7,and Parkin protein expression to promote the occurrence of autophagy or regulate the autophagy pathway in rat skeletal muscle cells.

Objective: To analyze the prevalence trends of different types of elevated blood pressure and their association with nutritional status among primary and secondary school students in Inner Mongolia from 2019 to 2024, providing references for targeted prevention strategies. Methods: From September 2019 to 2024, a stratified random cluster sampling method was used to select 12 primary and secondary schools from each league city in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. A total of 177 108, 137 758, 190 182, 180 084 , 188 056, 180 351 primary and secondary school students (excluding grades one to three of primary school) were included for physical examination. The correlation between their nutritional status and high blood pressure was analyzed based on the basic situation of 129 821 primary and secondary school students who completed a questionnaire survey at the same time in 2024. Statistical analysis was conducted using a Chi-square test and multiple Logistic regression model. Results: From 2019 to 2024, the detection rates of elevated blood pressure were 13.60%, 13.68%, 17.60%, 17.24%, 14.77% and 15.96%, respectively. The rates for isolated systolic hypertension were 4.24%, 5.83%, 7.26%, 7.19%, 6.24% and 6.93%; isolated diastolic hypertension rates were 6.38%, 4.99%, 6.23 %, 6.41%, 5.39% and 5.66%; and combined systolic and diastolic hypertension rates were 2.97%, 2.86%, 4.11%, 3.65%, 3.14 % and 3.36%. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that girls, junior high school, senior high school, overweight, and obesity were positively associated with elevated blood pressure risk ( OR =1.27, 1.25, 1.32, 1.66, 3.07, all P <0.05); conversely, county residence, Mongolian ethnicity, and other ethnicities showed negative associations ( OR =0.90, 0.93, 0.90, all P <0.05). Conclusions Overweight and obesity among children and adolescents are closely related to various types of elevated blood pressure. Prevention strategies should prioritize effectively controlling weight issues among children and adolescents, thereby effectively reducing the incidence of elevated blood pressure.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effectiveness of hip arthroscopy in the treatment of patients with femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) syndrome combined with ligamentum teres injury. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 23 patients (23 hips) with Cam-type FAI syndrome combined with ligamentum teres injury who met the selection criteria between April 2022 and May 2024. The cohort included 12 males and 11 females, with a mean age of 29.16 years (range, 16-57 years). According to Tönnis classification, there were 5 cases of grade 0, 10 cases of grade Ⅰ, and 8 cases of grade Ⅱ in hip osteoarthritis. The disease duration ranged from 6 to 24 months, with an average of 12 months. Under hip arthroscopy, hypertrophic synovium and the damaged ligamentum teres were debrided, while the torn labrum and cartilage were repaired, and femoral head-neck osteoplasty was performed to eliminate impingement, restore the normal morphology of the acetabulum and femoral head-neck, and suture the joint capsule. Acetabular lateral center-edge angle (LCEA) and α angle (reflecting the degree of non-sphericity at the femoral head-neck junction) were measured before and after operation, and the modified Harris hip score (mHHS), the International Hip Outcome Tool-12 (IHOT-12), and the visual analogue scale (VAS) score for pain were evaluated. RESULTS: The operation was successfully completed in all patients. The incisions healed by first intention after operation, and there was no perioperative complications such as iatrogenic cartilage injury, fracture, infection, neurovascular traction injury, or lower extremity venous thrombosis. All the 23 patients were followed up 12-24 months, with an average of 14.6 months. The pain of hip joint significantly relieved, and the function of hip joint improved; no complication such as joint stiffness, joint instability, and osteonecrosis of the femoral head occurred. The α angle, VAS score, mHHS score, and IHOT-12 score at last follow-up were significantly better than those before operation ( P<0.05); there was no significant difference in LCEA compared to preoperative value ( P>0.05). CONCLUSION Hip arthroscopy is a safe and effective treatment for patients with FAI syndrome combined with ligamentum teres injury, which can achieve satisfactory effectiveness.
Humans ; Femoracetabular Impingement/complications* ; Arthroscopy/methods* ; Adult ; Male ; Female ; Retrospective Studies ; Middle Aged ; Adolescent ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult ; Hip Joint/surgery* ; Acetabulum/surgery* ; Round Ligaments/surgery* ; Range of Motion, Articular

Digital technologies have become an integral part of complete denture restoration. With advancement in computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM), tools such as intraoral scanning, facial scanning, 3D printing, and numerical control machining are reshaping the workflow of complete denture restoration. Unlike conventional methods that rely heavily on clinical experience and manual techniques, digital technologies offer greater precision, predictability, and efficacy. They also streamline the process by reducing the number of patient visits and improving overall comfort. Despite these improvements, the clinical application of digital complete denture restoration still faces challenges that require further standardization. The major issues include appropriate case selection, establishing consistent digital workflows, and evaluating long-term outcomes. To address these challenges and provide clinical guidance for practitioners, this expert consensus outlines the principles, advantages, and limitations of digital complete denture technology. The aim of this review was to offer practical recommendations on indications, clinical procedures and precautions, evaluation metrics, and outcome assessment to support digital restoration of complete denture in clinical practice.
Humans ; Denture, Complete ; Computer-Aided Design ; Denture Design/methods* ; Consensus ; Printing, Three-Dimensional

Background The power industry is characterized by typical shift work systems, with 24-hour uninterrupted work demands, high intensity and high standard job characteristics, as well as emergent task pressure, which exposes employees to the long-term dual pressure of shift work and occupational stress and may lead to occupational burnout. It not only endangers the physical and mental health of employees, but also threaten the safe and stable operation of the power system. Objective To explore the impact of shift work and occupational stress, as well as their potential interaction, on occupational burnout among employees in power enterprises. Methods From November 2024 to April 2025, cluster sampling was used to select 1378 workers from two power companies in Fuzhou. A self-designed questionnaire, the Effort-Reward Imbalance model, and the Maslach Burnout Inventory were used to investigate the participants’ general information，shift work patterns, occupational stress, and occupational burnout. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS 19.0 software. Chi-square test was employed for intergroup comparison. Logistic regression was used to examine the associations between shift work, occupational stress, and job burnout. The multiplicative interaction and additive interaction between shift work and occupational stress on occupational burnout were evaluated. Results A total of 1378 questionnaires were distributed, and 1113 were valid questionnaires, with an effective rate of 80.77%. Among the participants, 37.92% were engaged in shift work, the positive rate of occupational stress was 29.83%, and the positive rate of occupational burnout was 55.80%. The logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for confounding factors, the risks of occupational burnout in the non-shift x occupational stress group and the shift x occupational stress group were 1.59 times (95%CI: 1.12, 2.27; P=0.01) and 4.07 times (95%CI: 2.56, 6.45; P<0.01) higher than that in the non-shift x non-occupational stress group. A multiplicative interaction (shift work and occupational stress b=0.75, P=0.01, OR=2.12, 95%CI: 1.18, 3.80) and an additive interaction (relative excess risk ratio=2.24, 95%CI: 0.54, 3.94; attributable fraction=0.55, 95%CI: 0.32, 0.78; interaction index=3.71, 95%CI: 1.47, 9.40) between shift work and occupational stress on job burnout were identified. Conclusion Shift work and occupational stress are risk factors for occupational burnout among employees in power enterprises, and there is a synergistic interaction between these two factors in terms of their impact on occupational burnout.

Objective : To investigate the effects of sinapine on lung tissue inflammation and mucus hypersecretion in asthmatic mice. Methods: Eight-week-old female C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into Control group, ovalbumin(OVA) group, Sinapine group, and Sinapine+OVA group. The asthmatic mice model were established by intraperitoneal injection of OVA combined with aluminum hydroxide [Al(OH)3] suspension and OVA nasal stimulation. One hour before OVA nasal stimulation, the mice in Sinapine+OVA group and Sinapine group were intraperitoneally injected with sinapine solution, and the mice in OVA group and Control group were treated with the same dose of 0.9% sodium chloride solution. 24 hours after the last OVA stimulation, the inflammation of lung tissue of mice were observed by HE staining; the mucus secretion were evaluated by PAS staining; the mRNA expression levels of Interleukin-4(IL-4), Interleukin-5(IL-5), Interleukin-13(IL-13), tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α), Mucin 5ac(Muc5ac), and the mRNA of the key genes of Notch pathway such as Notch receptor 1(Notch1), Notch receptor 2(Notch2), Notch receptor 3(Notch3), and hes family bHLH transcription factor 1(Hes1) in lung tissues were detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR); the expression levels of Notch1, Notch2, Notch3 and Hes1 proteins were determined by Western blot. Results : Compared with Control group, the inflammation score and PAS score of lung tissues of mice in OVA group increased(P<0.001); the mRNA expression levels of IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, TNF-α, and Muc5ac of mice in OVA group were enhanced(P<0.05); the mRNA and protein expression levels of Notch2, Notch3, and Hes1 of mice in OVA group significantly increased(P<0.001), while there was no significant difference in the mRNA and protein expression levels of Notch1. Compared with OVA group, the inflammation score and PAS score of lung tissues of mice in Sinapine+OVA group decreased(P<0.001); the mRNA expression levels of IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, TNF-α, and Muc5ac of mice in Sinapine+OVA group were reduced(P<0.05); the mRNA and protein expression levels of Notch2, Notch3, and Hes1 of mice in Sinapine+OVA group were downregulated(P<0.05), while there was no significant difference in the mRNA and protein expression levels of Notch1. Conclusion Sinapine can alleviate the lung tissue inflammation and mucus hypersecretion in asthmatic mice, and its mechanism may be related to the inhibition of Notch2/Notch3-Hes1 signal pathway.

Objective To observe the improvement effect and mechanism of emodin on lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced podocyte injury.Methods Human glomerular podocytes were used as the study object,and they were randomly divided into the blank control group,the LPS group,the emodin low-,medium-,and high-dose groups,and the emodin+lysophosphatidic acid[LP A,RhoA/RhoRho-associatedcoiled-coil kinase(ROCK)activator]group.Cell counting kit 8(CCK8)and 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine(EdU)staining were applied to detect the proliferation of glomerular podocytes,Transwell assay was used to test the migration of glomerular podocytes,flow cytometry was used to detect apoptosis of glomerular podocytes,and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was used to detect the levels of inflammatory factors tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α),interleukin(IL)-1β,and IL-18 in the supernatant of glomerular podocytes,and the protein expression levels of RhoA and ROCK in glomerular podocytes were determined by Western Blot.Results The optical density(OD)450nm,EdU positive cell rate and migration number of glomerular podocytes in the LPS group were lower than those in the blank control group,and the apoptosis rate,the levels of TNF-α,IL-1β and IL-18 in the supernatant,as well as the protein expression levels of RhoA and ROCK in the cells were higher than those in the blank control group,the differences being statistically significant(P＜0.05);the OD450nm,EdU positive cell rate and migration number of glomerular podocytes in the emodin low-,medium-,and high-dose groups were higher than those in the LPS group,while the apoptosis rate,levels of TNF-α,IL-1 β and IL-18 in supernatant,as well as RhoA and ROCK protein expression levels in cells were reduced compared with those in the LPS group,the differences being statistically significant(P＜0.05);the OD450nm and EdU positive cell rate and migration number of glomerular podocytes in LPA group were lower than those of emodin high-dose group,while the apoptosis rate,levels of TNF-α,IL-1 βand IL-18 in supernatant,as well as RhoA and ROCK protein expression levels in cells were higher than those of emodin high-dose group,the differences being all statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion Emodin can improve LPS-induced podocyte injury,and its mechanism of action may be related to the inhibition of RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway.

Objective To investigate the knee disorders and risk factors in electromechanical soldiers of a warship,so as to provide a basis for prevention and treatment measures.Methods The knee disorders and treatment data of 200 electromechanical soldiers(study group)and 200 soldiers from other departments(control group)were colected by questionnaire survey and medical records.Results The incidence of knee diseases was 37.5%(75 cases)in the study group,which was significantly higher than that in the control group(16.0%,32 cases,P＜0.05).Traumatic and degenerative diseases were the main types of knee disorders.Age and body mass index were the influencing factors of knee disorders in electromechanical soldiers.Conclusion There is a high incidence of knee disorders in electromechanical soldiers,which is related to a variety of factors.Appropriate prevention and treatment measures are of great significance to reduce the incidence of knee disorders,promote rapid recovery,and reduce non-combat casualty.