Objective To explore the effects of long non-coding RNA(lncRNA)HEM2M overexpression on liver injury in mice with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).Methods Wild-type C57BL/6(WT)mice and myeloid cell-specific HEM2M knock-in(MYKI)mice were fed normal(ND)or high-fat diet(HFD)for 12 weeks.After intraperitoneal glucose tolerance and insulin tolerance tests,the mice were euthanized for detection of liver function indicators in the serum and liver tissue.HE staining and F4/80 immunohistochemical staining were used to examine liver pathologies,and the levels of IL-6,IL-1β,and TNF-α in the liver tissues were determined with ELISA.The mRNA expressions of HEM2M and the markers of M1 macrophages(TNF-α,iNOS,and IL-6)and M2 macrophages(Arg-1,YM-1,and IL-10)were detected using qRT-PCR,and the protein expressions of P-AKT,T-AKT,NLRC4,caspase-1 and GSDMD were assayed using immunoblotting.Caspase-1 activity in the liver tissues was determined with colorimetric measurement and immunofluorescence assay.Results Compared with HFD-fed WT mice,MYKI mice with HFD feeding showed milder liver function damage(P<0.01),alleviated hepatic steatosis,and reduced liver macrophage infiltration,glucose tolerance impairment and insulin resistance(P<0.01).The levels of IL-6,IL-1β,and TNF-α and mRNA expressions of M1 type macrophage markers were significantly decreased(P<0.01)and those of M2 type markers increased(P<0.01)in the liver tissues of HFD-fed MYKI mice,which also showed reduced NLRC4 inflammasome activity,caspase-1 activation,and GSDMD-N protein expression compared with their WT counterparts(P<0.05).Conclusion Overexpression of HEM2M reduces the production of hepatic inflammatory factors,improves insulin resistance and inhibits hepatic NLRC4 inflammasome activation,which leads to reduced hepatic pyroptosis and liver injury in NAFLD mice.

Objective To explore the effects of long non-coding RNA(lncRNA)HEM2M overexpression on liver injury in mice with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).Methods Wild-type C57BL/6(WT)mice and myeloid cell-specific HEM2M knock-in(MYKI)mice were fed normal(ND)or high-fat diet(HFD)for 12 weeks.After intraperitoneal glucose tolerance and insulin tolerance tests,the mice were euthanized for detection of liver function indicators in the serum and liver tissue.HE staining and F4/80 immunohistochemical staining were used to examine liver pathologies,and the levels of IL-6,IL-1β,and TNF-α in the liver tissues were determined with ELISA.The mRNA expressions of HEM2M and the markers of M1 macrophages(TNF-α,iNOS,and IL-6)and M2 macrophages(Arg-1,YM-1,and IL-10)were detected using qRT-PCR,and the protein expressions of P-AKT,T-AKT,NLRC4,caspase-1 and GSDMD were assayed using immunoblotting.Caspase-1 activity in the liver tissues was determined with colorimetric measurement and immunofluorescence assay.Results Compared with HFD-fed WT mice,MYKI mice with HFD feeding showed milder liver function damage(P<0.01),alleviated hepatic steatosis,and reduced liver macrophage infiltration,glucose tolerance impairment and insulin resistance(P<0.01).The levels of IL-6,IL-1β,and TNF-α and mRNA expressions of M1 type macrophage markers were significantly decreased(P<0.01)and those of M2 type markers increased(P<0.01)in the liver tissues of HFD-fed MYKI mice,which also showed reduced NLRC4 inflammasome activity,caspase-1 activation,and GSDMD-N protein expression compared with their WT counterparts(P<0.05).Conclusion Overexpression of HEM2M reduces the production of hepatic inflammatory factors,improves insulin resistance and inhibits hepatic NLRC4 inflammasome activation,which leads to reduced hepatic pyroptosis and liver injury in NAFLD mice.

Objective:To investigate the clinical effect of three-dimensional(3D) flap model accurately designed before the operation in repairing irregular wounds of limbs with anterolateral thigh(ALT) perforator flap.Methods:The data of patients with ALT flaps designed with 3D printing technology to repair irregular soft tissue defects of limbs in Suzhou Ruihua Orthopedic Hospital from January to October 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. After the wound was scanned by 3D scanner before surgery, the wound model was printed. The ALT flap was precisely designed and harvested for covering the wound according to the body surface projection of the perforator vessel in the anterolateral femoral region located by color Doppler ultrasound before surgery. The survival of the flap, the healing of the donor and recipient sites and the occurrence of complications were observed and followed up after the operation. The effect of wound repair was evaluated by the comprehensive efficacy evaluation scale of the skin flap. The total score was 100 points, which was divided into excellent (90-100 points), good (75-89 points), fair (60-74 points) and poor (< 60 points).Results:A total of 34 patients were enrolled, including 26 males and 8 females, aged 18-75 years, with an average age of 45.5 years. Injury sites: wrist in 17 cases, foot in 10 cases, ankle in 7 cases. The operation time was 2.0-4.5 h (mean 3.3 h), and all donor sites were sutured directly. Vascular crisis occurred in 2 cases after skin flap transplantation. After surgical exploration, the transplanted skin flap survived, and the other skin flaps survived successfully. All 34 patients were followed up for 6 to 10 months, with an average of 8 months. All the donor sites of the skin flap healed primarily, and the wound healing time of the recipient site was 10-44 days, with an average of 20 days. At the last follow-up, the skin flap was good in color and texture, and the sensation returned to S1 and S2 grades. There were scars left in the donor site, no cicatricial contracture, pain and other discomfort, and no other serious complications. The results of flap evaluation were 80-91 points, with an average of 86 points. Among them, 25 cases were excellent, 6 cases were good, 3 cases were fair, and the excellent and good rate was 91%(31/34).Conclusion:The application of 3D printing technology assisted the design of ALT perforator flap to repair irregular wounds of limbs can significantly reduce the intraoperative design time of the flap, which is in line with the concept of precise design and incision of the flap, and has good clinical effect, and can effectively reduce the trauma and complications of the donor site.

Objective:To investigate the clinical effect of three-dimensional(3D) flap model accurately designed before the operation in repairing irregular wounds of limbs with anterolateral thigh(ALT) perforator flap.Methods:The data of patients with ALT flaps designed with 3D printing technology to repair irregular soft tissue defects of limbs in Suzhou Ruihua Orthopedic Hospital from January to October 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. After the wound was scanned by 3D scanner before surgery, the wound model was printed. The ALT flap was precisely designed and harvested for covering the wound according to the body surface projection of the perforator vessel in the anterolateral femoral region located by color Doppler ultrasound before surgery. The survival of the flap, the healing of the donor and recipient sites and the occurrence of complications were observed and followed up after the operation. The effect of wound repair was evaluated by the comprehensive efficacy evaluation scale of the skin flap. The total score was 100 points, which was divided into excellent (90-100 points), good (75-89 points), fair (60-74 points) and poor (< 60 points).Results:A total of 34 patients were enrolled, including 26 males and 8 females, aged 18-75 years, with an average age of 45.5 years. Injury sites: wrist in 17 cases, foot in 10 cases, ankle in 7 cases. The operation time was 2.0-4.5 h (mean 3.3 h), and all donor sites were sutured directly. Vascular crisis occurred in 2 cases after skin flap transplantation. After surgical exploration, the transplanted skin flap survived, and the other skin flaps survived successfully. All 34 patients were followed up for 6 to 10 months, with an average of 8 months. All the donor sites of the skin flap healed primarily, and the wound healing time of the recipient site was 10-44 days, with an average of 20 days. At the last follow-up, the skin flap was good in color and texture, and the sensation returned to S1 and S2 grades. There were scars left in the donor site, no cicatricial contracture, pain and other discomfort, and no other serious complications. The results of flap evaluation were 80-91 points, with an average of 86 points. Among them, 25 cases were excellent, 6 cases were good, 3 cases were fair, and the excellent and good rate was 91%(31/34).Conclusion:The application of 3D printing technology assisted the design of ALT perforator flap to repair irregular wounds of limbs can significantly reduce the intraoperative design time of the flap, which is in line with the concept of precise design and incision of the flap, and has good clinical effect, and can effectively reduce the trauma and complications of the donor site.

Objective:To summarise the advantages and disadvantages of applying the method of retrograde replantation with an operative position of foot stepping and knee bending for replantation of rotational avulsed and fractured great toes.Methods:From January 2016 to June 2021, 11 rotational avulsed and fractured great toes were replanted with the method of retrograde replantation in an operative position of foot stepping and knee bending. Of the 11 patients, 10 were males and 1 was female, aged 18 to 50 years old with an average of 32 years old. Causes of injury: 5 of driving belt, 4 of machinery crush and 2 of car accident. Injury sites: 4 on left great toes and 7 on right great toes. All of the injuries were with fracture and exposure of proximal tendons of flexor and extensor. Seven patients had the follow-up reviews by outpatient clinic visiting, 2 over mobile phone and 2 via WeChat.Results:After surgery, 9 great toes completely survived and 2 great toes had necrosis. The survival rate of toe replantation was 81.8%(9/11). The operation time was 2 to 3 hours, with an average of 2.5 hours. Postoperative X-ray film showed that 8 to 12 weeks after the operation, the fracture and joint fusion were healed at first stage in the survived toes. All patients were entered in follow-up for 3 to 18 months with 10.5 months in average. The survived great toes were plump and the toenail grown well. At the final follow-up, the static TPD at the toes was 8-12 mm, with an average of 10 mm. There was no effect shown on either walking or running.Conclusion:The retrograde replantation method with an operative position of foot stepping and knee bending for great toe replantation has the characteristics of a good field of view and convenient in operation under microscope, a short operation time, and a high survival rate of replantation.

Objective: To understand the situation of ticks carrying pathogens in border areas of Heilongjiang province. Methods: From 2009 to 2018, tick specimens were collected in Yichun, Daxing′anling area and Jiamusi in Heilongjiang province. A total of 2 530 ticks were studied, including 800 Ixodes persulcatus and 1 730 Dermacentor silvarum. Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV), severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV), omsk hemorrhagic fever virus (OHFV), langat virus (LGTV), powassan virus (POWV) were detected by real-time RT-PCR. Spotted fever group rickettsia (SFGR) and Borrelia burgdorferi sensulato (B.b.s.l) were detected by PCR in ticks collected from Jiamusi area. Results: All tick speciments collected were negative for TBEV, SFTSV, OHFV, LGTV and POWV. Tick specimens from Jiamusi carried SFGR and B. b.s.l.with positive rates of 59.5% and 8.9%. Conclusions The ticks in border areas of Heilongjiang province carry spotted fever group rickettsia and Borrelia burgdorferi, and the carrying rate of spotted fever group rickettsia is high. The monitoring and control of ticks and tick-borne diseases should be strengthened.

Partial least square (PLS) combining with Raman spectroscopy was applied to develop predictive models for plasma paclitaxel concentration detection. In this experiment, 312 samples were scanned by Raman spectroscopy. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was applied to determine the paclitaxel concentration in 312 rat plasma samples. Monte Carlo partial least square (MCPLS) method was successfully performed to identify the outliers and the numbers of calibration set. Based on the values of degree of approach ( ), moving window partial least square (MWPLS) was used to choose the suitable preprocessing method, optimum wavelength variables and the number of latent variables. The correlation coefficients between reference values and predictive values in both calibration set ( ) and validation set ( ) of optimum PLS model were 0.933 1 and 0.926 4, respectively. Furthermore, an independent verification test was performed on the prediction model. The results showed that the correlation error of the 20 validation samples was 9.36%±2.03%, which confirmed the well predictive ability of established PLS quantitative analysis model.

Objective To explore how to overcome the difficulties during two paddle anterolateral thigh flap harvest. Methods From January, 2009 to December, 2015, the harvest of two paddle anterolateral thigh flap was encountered difficulties during surgery in 8 cases, which were 7 males and 1 female. The age was ranged from 16 to 48 years old, with averaged of 32.8. Six patients presented with one defect, and 2 patients presented with two defects. The skin defects ranged from 60-247 cm2. The number of the flap perforator, vascular source, flap pattern and out-comes was recorded. All patiants were followed-up at regular intervals. Results All of 8 flaps were converted suc-cessfully during surgery. Only 1 perforator was found in 4 cases. The flap was converted to sigle perforator flap. The dornor site was covered by skin graft. Two perforators from different origins were found in 2 cases, and the flap was converted to sequential chimeric flap. Two perforators from descending branch and transverse branch respectively were found in 1 case, and the flap was converted to combined anterolateral thigh and tensor fascia lata flap. Only 1 perfora-tor was found in 1 case, which the distal defect was small sized, the flap was converted to deepithelialized two paddle flap. The flap ranged from 78-288 cm2. Venous compromise was happened in 1 case, and the flap survived after reex-ploration surgery. Local infection was found in 2 cases, and cured with wound dressing. Other flaps were survived un-eventfully. At donor site, 1 case wound dehiscence and 1 case local infection, both of which underwent debridement and healed. All patiants were followed-up for 7-21(mean, 11.5)months. The flaps had satisfactory appearance and soft texture. Conclusion When it is difficult to harvest two paddle anterolateral thigh flap during surgery, the flap need to be converted rationally based on the characteristics of the defect, the number of the flap perforator, and the vascular origins.

OBJECTIVETo screen SNP information of keloid pedigrees through whole genome sequencing.

METHODSWe Collected information and clinical data of the keloid pedigree and constructed charts of the pedigree. The DNA was extracted from peripheral venous blood samples of the pedigree to sequence the whole genome.

RESULTS27 SNP and 8 disease-associated genes were screened out.

CONCLUSIONSWhole genome sequencing technology can select new genetic mutations associated with keloid, and provide a new way for the research of keloid.

China ; ethnology ; Genome, Human ; Humans ; Keloid ; genetics ; Mutation ; Pedigree ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Sequence Analysis, DNA

Objective To study the clinical and genetic characteristics of keloid through investigating on four Han Chinese pedigrees.Methods The pedigree information and clinical data from Han Chinese keloid pedigrees were collected,which consisted of 22 patients in 127 family members,and then the charts of these pedigrees were constructed according to the data.Using the genetic model and pedigree analyses we summarized the clinical features of the disease in the families.Results Four Han Chinese keloid pedigrees were discovered.The three pedigree spans included 3 generations and one was 4 generations.Incidence of KD in the consanguinity family member was 23.7％ (23/93),and 20.8％ (11/53) in male KD,and 27.5％ (11/40) in female.Incidence of anterior chest KD was 40.9 ％.The inheritance pattern observed in these pedigrees was consistent with an autosomal dominant inheritance multi-gene hereditary disease with incomplete penetrance,and its nonpenetrance of KD gene carriers was 12％ (3/25).Conclusions The pattern of inheritance observed in these four Han Chinese keloid pedigrees is similar to previous reports and no gender differences are found in the incidence of disease,but differences in pathogenic site.Pedigree investigation helps to reveal the genetic characteristics of keloid.