ObjectiveTo investigate the present situation of input, output, outcome and impact of all registered community-based rehabilitation stations in Inner Mongolia in China, and analyze how the input predict the output, outcome and impact. MethodsFrom March 1st to April 30th, 2025, a questionnaire survey was conducted on all registered community-based rehabilitation stations in Inner Mongolia, covering four dimensions: input, output, outcome and impact. A total of 1 365 questionnaires were distributed. The input included four items: laws and policies, human resources, equipment and facilities, and rehabilitation information management. The output included two items: technical paths and benefits/effectiveness. The outcome included three items: coverage rates, rehabilitation interventions and functional results. The impact included two items: health and sustainability. Each item contained several questions, all of which were described in a positive way. Each question was scored from one to five. A lower score indicated that the situation of the community-based rehabilitation station was more in line with the content described in the question. Regression analysis was performed using the total score of each item of input dimension as independent variables, and the total scores of the output, outcome and impact dimensions as dependent variables. ResultsA total of 1 262 valid questionnaires were collected. The mean values of input, output, outcome and impact of community-based rehabilitation stations were 1.827 to 1.904, with coefficient of variation of 45.892% to 49.239%. The regression analysis showed that, rehabilitation information management, human resources, and laws and policies significantly predicted the output dimension (R² = 0.910, P < 0.001). Meanwhile, all four items in the input dimension predicted both the outcome (R² = 0.850, P < 0.001) and impact dimensions (R² = 0.833, P < 0.001). ConclusionInput, output, outcome and impact of the community-based rehabilitation stations in Inner Mongolia were generally in line with the content of the questions, although some imbalances were observed. Additionally, the input of community-based rehabilitation stations could significantly predict their output, outcome and impact.

The oocyte， as the origin of life， provides half the chromosomes to the embryo and supplies the proteins， substrates， energy， and other support necessary for embryonic development. It is the decisive factor determining the embryo's developmental potential. Infertility caused by reproductive endocrine diseases targets the oocyte as the final target cell. Improving oocyte quality represents a key and difficult point in the field of modern reproductive medicine. The decline of oocyte quality is related to meiosis abnormalities， DNA damage， mitochondrial dysfunction， oxidative stress， and other mechanisms. For oocyte quality problems， there is no unified international guideline to recommend drugs. Because the drug intervention research on oocytes involves strict clinical ethical restrictions， the current relevant research only stays in the animal and in vitro experimental stage and has not yet been applied to the clinic. Traditional Chinese medicine compound formula has a multi-target and multi-pathway regulation mechanism and is widely used in clinics. More and more research began to pay attention to the potential mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine compound formulas in improving oocyte quality. Traditional Chinese medicine compound formula has the advantages of multi-target and multi-channel synergy as well as better safety， individualization， and conformity to clinical ethics in improving oocyte quality. This article systematically reviewed the research progress on traditional Chinese medicine compound formula interventions for oocyte quality， aiming to summarize existing findings and provide recommendations to improve oocyte quality and optimize the clinical diagnosis and treatment of female infertility within traditional Chinese medicine.

The oocyte， as the origin of life， provides half the chromosomes to the embryo and supplies the proteins， substrates， energy， and other support necessary for embryonic development. It is the decisive factor determining the embryo's developmental potential. Infertility caused by reproductive endocrine diseases targets the oocyte as the final target cell. Improving oocyte quality represents a key and difficult point in the field of modern reproductive medicine. The decline of oocyte quality is related to meiosis abnormalities， DNA damage， mitochondrial dysfunction， oxidative stress， and other mechanisms. For oocyte quality problems， there is no unified international guideline to recommend drugs. Because the drug intervention research on oocytes involves strict clinical ethical restrictions， the current relevant research only stays in the animal and in vitro experimental stage and has not yet been applied to the clinic. Traditional Chinese medicine compound formula has a multi-target and multi-pathway regulation mechanism and is widely used in clinics. More and more research began to pay attention to the potential mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine compound formulas in improving oocyte quality. Traditional Chinese medicine compound formula has the advantages of multi-target and multi-channel synergy as well as better safety， individualization， and conformity to clinical ethics in improving oocyte quality. This article systematically reviewed the research progress on traditional Chinese medicine compound formula interventions for oocyte quality， aiming to summarize existing findings and provide recommendations to improve oocyte quality and optimize the clinical diagnosis and treatment of female infertility within traditional Chinese medicine.

Objectives: . Idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSNHL) is a significant cause of hearing loss. Intratympanic steroid injection (ITSI) is commonly used as an initial or salvage treatment; however, the lack of a standardized treatment protocol has resulted in variability in clinical practice. In addition, no efficient prediction model currently exists to support personalized management. Therefore, this study aimed to develop tailored management strategies for ISSNHL using a machine-learning model. Methods: . This retrospective multicenter cohort study was conducted between January 2015 and December 2020, with data analysis performed between January 2021 and March 2024. Patients were selected based on the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision criteria for ISSNHL, along with relevant medication and procedure codes. Patients with pure-tone audiogram results not meeting ISSNHL criteria, better initial hearing in the affected ear, an identifiable etiology, no post-treatment audiogram, or delayed treatment (>6 weeks) were excluded. We included 770 patients diagnosed with ISSNHL who received ITSI. The primary outcome was the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for prediction performance. Recovery status was determined using the last pure-tone audiogram. Modeling was conducted on the Quanta for Medical Care AI platform using five machine-learning algorithms and a nested cross-validation framework, in which feature selection and hyperparameter tuning were performed in the inner folds and model performance was evaluated in the outer folds. Results: . A random forest classifier outperformed the other models in predicting hearing outcomes, achieving an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.788. Time to ITSI was the most influential treatment-related factor, with ITSI administered within 10 days of hearing loss being associated with better outcomes. This model can be used to provide personalized prognostic estimates under different treatment protocols. Conclusion . The machine-learning-based prediction model facilitates personalized treatment strategies and timely treatment adjustments for ISSNHL, thereby optimizing the likelihood of complete recovery.

Sarcoidosis was a rare granulomatous disease that mainly affects the lungs and superficial lymph nodes,followed by the skin and eyes.This article reported a case of sarcoidosis patient with hypercalcemic crisis and renal failure as the main manifestations,its clinical manifestations were unique,and the diagnostic process was challenging and complex.The final diagnosis was confirmed through bronchoscopy lung tissue biopsy,and after treatment with glucocorticoids,both blood calcium and renal function improved significantly compared to before.At present,there was no relevant literature reports on cases of sarcoidosis characterized by hypercalcitonin crisis and renal failure in clinical practice.This article reported a case of sarcoidosis characterized by hypercalcitonin crisis and renal failure,and conducted literature review to provide reference for clinical doctors to identify and diagnose sarcoidosis,and actively take corresponding treatment measures to avoid further damage to the patient's target organs caused by the disease.

Objective:To study the epidemic characteristics and healthcare-seeking behavior of dengue fever cases in Zhejiang Province, and to provide a scientific basis for developing dengue fever prevention and control strategies.Methods:Data on dengue fever epidemic in Zhejiang Province from January to December 2024 were collected from the Information System for China Disease Control and Prevention and individual case reports. Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the distribution by the three dimensions (time, region, and population), healthcare-seeking behavior, importation sources, and laboratory test results of dengue fever cases in Zhejiang Province.Results:From January to December 2024, Zhejiang Province reported a total of 289 dengue fever cases (including 25 foreigners), with an incidence rate of 0.44/100 000, including one severe case and no death, and 13 were local, 108 were domestically imported, and 168 were internationally imported. The epidemic had affected 70 districts (counties, cities) across all 11 cities in the province. Cases were reported monthly, with the peak incidence concentrated from July to November. The age of dengue fever cases was 38 (30, 48) years old, ranging from 2 to 75 years old, with a higher incidence in the 30 - 39 age group (31.14%, 90/289). The male-to-female ratio was 1.86 ∶ 1.00 (188 ∶ 101). Occupational distribution was predominantly commercial service workers (28.03%, 81/289). The number of healthcare-seeking for local cases was 2 (1, 2) times, ranging from 1 to 6 times. The number of healthcare-seeking for imported cases was 1 (1, 2) times, ranging from 1 to 4 times. The interval between the onset and diagnosis of local cases was 3.5 (1.0, 5.0) days, ranging from 0 to 6 days. The interval between the onset and diagnosis of imported cases was 3(1, 4) days, ranging from 0 to 6 days. Domestically imported cases originated from Guangdong Province (102 cases), Yunnan Province (3 cases), Hunan Province (1 case), with 2 cases had unknown original provinces. Internationally imported cases mainly came from Indonesia (33 cases), Thailand (22 cases), Laos (18 cases). Serotyping of dengue virus was determined for 283 cases, with 157 cases of type Ⅰ, 88 cases of type Ⅱ, 34 cases of type Ⅲ, and 4 cases of type Ⅳ.Conclusions:The dengue fever cases in Zhejiang Province in 2024 is primarily international importation, the interval between the onset and diagnosis of local cases is relatively long. Prevention and control efforts should strengthen surveillance and early warning based on dengue fever's epidemic characteristics, and reinforcing port quarantine, mosquito vector control, and health education for high-risk populations.

Aim To explore the effect of astragalosideⅣ(AS-Ⅳ)on lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced po-larization and migration of RAW 264.7 macrophages and the underlying mechanism.Methods 1 mg·L-1 LPS was used to construct cell migration model.Scratch assay was utilized to determine cell migration rate.Immunofluorescence staining was utilized to de-tect the expression and location of F4/80,iNOS and Arg-1.CCK-8 assay was used to determine the viabili-ty of RAW 264.7 cells.Griess assay was used to measure NO content.Molecular docking was used to analyze the interaction between AS-Ⅳ and the core tar-gets such as cGAS and STING protein.Western blot was employed to detect the expression of iNOS,Arg-1,cGAS,STING,NF-κB p65 and p-NF-κB p65 protein.Results AS-Ⅳ significantly inhibited the migration and M1 polarization of RAW 264.7 cells induced by LPS.Moreover,AS-Ⅳ could interact with cGAS and STING protein,especially cGAS.Further Western blot assay showed that AS-Ⅳ significantly downregulated the expression of iNOS,cGAS,STING and p-NF-κB p65 protein.Conclusions AS-Ⅳ could promote mac-rophage M1 to M2 polarization,thereby inhibited mac-rophage migration through restraining the cGAS/STING/NF-κB signaling pathway,which provides a new therapeutic target for AS-Ⅳ to improve the early inflammatory response of AS.

Objective A non-targeted metabolomics analysis of vitreous fluid from patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy(PDR)is conducted to explore the"metabolic map"of PDR.This approach aims to deepen the understanding of the disease,identify potential biomarkers.Methods From 35 PDR patients and 30 fresh rhegmatogenous retinal de-tachment(RRD)patients,10 PDR patients with vitreoretinal abnormal adhesions were selected as the experimental group(PDR group),and 10 fresh RRD patients were chosen as the control group(RRD group).Using ultra-high-performance liq-uid chromatography-mass spectrometry non-targeted metabolomics technology,the metabolic profiles of vitreous fluid were analyzed to obtain metabolic spectra.One-dimensional and multidimensional statistical methods were used to analyze the differences in metabolites and metabolic pathways between the PDR and RRD groups.Results A total of 165 differential metabolites were identified in the vitreous humor samples of patients in the PDR and RRD groups,these differential metab-olites were significantly enriched in 21 metabolic pathways(P＜0.05),Among these pathways,those with at least 5 differ-ential metabolites include:methionine and cysteine metabolism;glycine,serine,and threonine metabolism;ascorbic acid and aldose metabolism;amino acid biosynthesis;and central carbon metabolism in cancer.Pyruvate,serine,D-2-phospho-glycerate,threonine,phosphoserine,and high serine are present in multiple metabolic pathways,the areas under the curve are 0.96,0.82,0.85,0.78,0.40,and 0.31,respectively.Conclusion There are 21 significantly different metabolic pathways between PDR and RRD patients.Pyruvate stands out in multiple pathways,potentially serving as a biomarker for PDR diagnosis.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is an insulin resistance disease.Improving insulin resis-tance and controlling blood glucose are the main means of clinical treatment for T2DM.Empa-gliflozin is a highly selective sodium-dependent glu-cose transporters(SGLT)2 inhibitor,which is inde-pendent of insulin.It can effectively control blood glucose levels,reduce blood pressure and body weight,protect heart and kidney function,reduce the rehospitalization rate and the risk of death in patients with heart failure(HF),and does not in-crease the risk of hypoglycemia.Empagliflozin can be used alone or in combination with other hypo-glycemic drugs to control blood glucose.This arti-cle reviews the mechanism of action,clinical bene-fits,and combination with other drugs of empa-gliflozin,aiming to provide reference for the clinical use of empagliflozin.

AIM To prepare the sustained-release microspheres of ginsenosides.METHODS The sustained-release microspheres were prepared by SPG membrane emulsification technology with poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)(PLGA)as a shell carrier.With PLGA concentration,feed rate and Span 60 concentration as influencing factors,comprehensive score for appearance,drug loading and encapsulation efficiency as an evaluation indice,the preparation process was optimized by response surface method.The morphology of sustained-release microspheres was observed,after which the particle size,drug loading and encapsulation efficiency were determined,and the in vitro drug release was investigated.RESULTS The optimal conditons were determined to be 45 s for agitation time of primary emulsion,74.68 mg/mL for PLGA concentration,11％for feed rate,and 4.18 mg/mL for Span 60 concentration,the comprehensive score was 74.98.The round sustained-release microspheres demonstrated the average particle size of 4.33 μm,drug loading of(8.24±0.13)％,and encapsulation efficiency of(74.94±1.17)％,respectively.At 336 h,ginsenosides Rg1,Rb1,Rb2 displayed the accumulative release rates of 84.12％,78.04％,65.88％,respectively.CONCLUSION This reasonable and feasible method can be used for the preparation of sustained-release microspheres of ginsenosides with good appearance and high drug loading,which can provide references for the preparation of other water-soluble drug microspheres and solution of microsphere collapse problem.