Platelets are reprogrammed by cancer via a process called education, which favors cancer development. The transcriptional profile of tumor-educated platelets (TEPs) is skewed and therefore practicable for cancer detection. This intercontinental, hospital-based, diagnostic study included 761 treatment-naïve inpatients with histologically confirmed adnexal masses and 167 healthy controls from nine medical centers (China, n = 3; Netherlands, n = 5; Poland, n = 1) between September 2016 and May 2019. The main outcomes were the performance of TEPs and their combination with CA125 in two Chinese (VC1 and VC2) and the European (VC3) validation cohorts collectively and independently. Exploratory outcome was the value of TEPs in public pan-cancer platelet transcriptome datasets. The AUCs for TEPs in the combined validation cohort, VC1, VC2, and VC3 were 0.918 (95% CI 0.889-0.948), 0.923 (0.855-0.990), 0.918 (0.872-0.963), and 0.887 (0.813-0.960), respectively. Combination of TEPs and CA125 demonstrated an AUC of 0.922 (0.889-0.955) in the combined validation cohort; 0.955 (0.912-0.997) in VC1; 0.939 (0.901-0.977) in VC2; 0.917 (0.824-1.000) in VC3. For subgroup analysis, TEPs exhibited an AUC of 0.858, 0.859, and 0.920 to detect early-stage, borderline, non-epithelial diseases and 0.899 to discriminate ovarian cancer from endometriosis. TEPs had robustness, compatibility, and universality for preoperative diagnosis of ovarian cancer since it withstood validations in populations of different ethnicities, heterogeneous histological subtypes, and early-stage ovarian cancer. However, these observations warrant prospective validations in a larger population before clinical utilities.
Humans ; Female ; Blood Platelets/pathology* ; Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics* ; Ovarian Neoplasms/pathology* ; China

Objective : To investigate the effect of hypoxic preconditioning (HPC) on mitochondrial energy metabolism in mouse hippocampal HT22 cells and its possible mechanism. Methods : In this paper, mouse hippocampal nerve cells HT22 were divided into control group, hypoxia group, HPC group, and the levels of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in each group were measured for observing the effect of HPC on cell mitochondrial metabolism. Western blot was used to detect the expression of target of rapamycin ( mTOR), phosphorylated mTOR protein and autophagy substrate P62 protein; cellular immunofluorescence was used to detect phosphorylated mTOR, and LysoTrackerTM probe was used to detect lysosomes. Results : Compared with the control group, the ATP level was significantly decreased and the ROS level was increased in the hypoxia group. Exposed to HPC, the ATP level was increased and the ROS level was decreased. Compared with the control group, the expression of phosphorylated mTOR was down⁃regulated and the expression of autophagy substrate P62 was down⁃regulated in the HPC group. Conclusion HPC may affect the energy metabolism of HT22 cells through the mTOR/autophagy signaling pathway, thereby exerting a protective effect on the HT22 cells.

BACKGROUND: Perioperative treatment has become an increasingly important aspect of the management of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Small-scale clinical studies performed in recent years have shown improvements in the major pathological remission rate after neoadjuvant therapy, suggesting that it will soon become an important part of NSCLC treatment. Nevertheless, neoadjuvant immunotherapy may be accompanied by serious adverse reactions that lead to delay or cancelation of surgery, additional illness, and even death, and have therefore attracted much attention. The purpose of the clinical recommendations is to form a diagnosis and treatment plan suitable for the current domestic medical situation for the immune-related adverse event (irAE). METHODS: This recommendation is composed of experts in thoracic surgery, oncologists, thoracic medicine and irAE related departments (gastroenterology, respirology, cardiology, infectious medicine, hematology, endocrinology, rheumatology, neurology, dermatology, emergency section) to jointly complete the formulation. Experts make full reference to the irAE guidelines, large-scale clinical research data published by thoracic surgery, and the clinical experience of domestic doctors and publicly published cases, and repeated discussions in multiple disciplines to form this recommendation for perioperative irAE. RESULTS: This clinical recommendation covers the whole process of prevention, evaluation, examination, treatment and monitoring related to irAE, so as to guide the clinical work comprehensively and effectively. CONCLUSIONS Perioperative irAE management is an important part of immune perioperative treatment of lung cancer. With the continuous development of immune perioperative treatment, more research is needed in the future to optimize the diagnosis and treatment of perioperative irAE.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical application and efficacy of ¹²⁵Ⅰ radioactive seeds implantation in the treatment of recurrent salivary gland carcinoma after external radiotherapy. METHODS: From July 2004 to July 2016, 43 cases of recurrent salivary gland carcinoma of the neck after external radiotherapy or surgery combined with external radiotherapy were treated. According to the conventional segmentation radiotherapy for head and neck cancer (once a day, 1.8-2.0 Gy each time, 5 days per week), the cumulative radiation dose of the patients in this group was calculated. In the study, 26 patients received 50-60 Gy, 7 patients received less than 50 Gy, 4 patients received 60-70 Gy, and 6 patients received more than 80 Gy (range: 80-120 Gy). The interval between the last external irradiation and local recurrence was 4-204 months, and the median interval was 48 months. Among them, 25 cases were treated with ¹²⁵Ⅰ radioactive seeds implantation only and 18 cases were treated with ¹²⁵Ⅰ radioactive seeds implantation after operation. The prescription dose was 100-140 Gy. The control rate, survival rate and disease-free survival rate were recorded to evaluate the side effects. RESULTS: The median follow-up time was 27 months (ranging from 2.5 to 149.0 months). Among them, the median follow-up time of adenoid cystic carcinoma patients was 31 months (range: 2.5-112.0 months), and the median follow-up time of mucoepidermoid carcinoma patients was 18 months (range: 5-149 months). The local control rates for 1, 3 and 5 years were 66.5%, 48.8% and 42.7%, respectively. The 1-, 3- and 5- year survival rates were 88.0%, 56.7% and 45.8%, respectively. The disease-free survival rates of 1, 3 and 5 years were 58.3%, 45.4% and 38.1%, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in local control rate, survival rate, and disease-free survival between the radioactive seeds implantation group and the radioactive seeds implantation group after surgical resection. There were 2 cases of acute radiation reaction Ⅰ/Ⅱ and 3 cases of reaction Ⅲ or above. In the late stage of radiotherapy, there were 8 cases with Ⅰ/Ⅱ grade reaction and 3 cases with Ⅲ grade or above reaction. The incidence of radiation reactions of Grade Ⅲ and above was 7%. CONCLUSION ¹²⁵Ⅰ radioactive seeds implantation provides an alternative method for the treatment of recurrent salivary gland carcinoma after external radiotherapy. The local control rate and survival rate are improved on the premise of low incidence of side effects.
Brachytherapy/adverse effects* ; Humans ; Iodine Radioisotopes/therapeutic use* ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/radiotherapy* ; Salivary Gland Neoplasms/radiotherapy* ; Salivary Glands

Objective To investigate whether elevated baseline levels of high sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hsCRP) and neutrophil (NE) are associated with an increased risk of breast cancer in Kailuan female cohort. Methods Females from Kailuan cohort (2006-2007) were included in this study. Information on check-up, hsCRP and NE were collected at baseline for all subjects. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) of association between baseline hsCRP and NE values and breast cancer risk. Results By December 31, 2015, a total of 18 866 participants were enrolled in this study. During the follow-up, 183 new cases of breast cancer were observed. All participants were divided into three groups according to the level of hsCRP (<1 mg/L, 1-3 mg/L and >3 mg/L). The cumulative incidence of breast cancer were 829/105, 1 211/105 and 1 495/105 in these 3 groups, respectively ( 2=12.08， P=0.002). Compared with participants with lower hsCRP levels (<1 mg/L), individuals with the highest hsCRP (>3 mg/L) levels had significantly increased risk of breast cancer (HR=1.71,95%CI: 1.18-2.47, P=0.005), howerver, we didn’t find the statistically significant association between NE level (<3.70×109/Lvs. ≥3.70×109/L) and the risk of brease cancer (P>0.05). Conclusions Elevated levels of hsCRP at baseline might increase the risk of breast cancer in females.

OBJECTIVE: To retrospectively analyze the results of treatment outcome by surgery combined with ₁₂₅I brachytherapy and correlative factors of adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC). METHODS: In the study, 75 patients with primary ACC of oral and maxillofacial region were treated by surgery combined with ₁₂₅I seeds brachytherapy. Radical resection or subtotal resection was applied for the tumor. The brachytherapy treatment planning system was used to create implant plans with the prescribed dose of 60 Gy to 120 Gy. The ₁₂₅I seeds were implanted intraoperatively or postoperatively. The regular follow-up was required. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to assess the tumor control rate and the patients' survival rates. Meanwhile, the Cox regression analysis was used to find out the prognostic factors. RESULTS: Local control rates at the end of 3 and 5 years were as follows: T1-T2, 92.2% and 82.0%; T3-T4, 82.6% and 82.6%; and overall, 90.0% and 78.8%. The disease-free survival rates were 74.9% and 54.3%, respectively. The overall survival rates for all the patients were 86.0% and 79.6%, respectively at the end of 3 and 5 years and were 91.3% and 91.3% for T1-T2 patients vs. 73.9% and 59.7% for T3-T4 patients. Distant metastasis-free survival rates at the end of 3 and 5 years were 84.4% and 76.7%, respectively. The distant metastasis-free survival rates at the end of 3 and 5 years were 83.4% and 79.6% with T1-T2 lesion compared with 86.0% and 67.8% with T3-T4 lesion. According to the COX univariate analysis and multivariate analysis, the risk of local recurrence would be raised by the age. Tumor stage and tumor site were the prognostic factors of the overall survival rates. CONCLUSION ₁₂₅I brachytherapy conducted as an adjuvant therapy postoperatively of ACC of oral and maxillofacial region can acquire satisfactory localregional control, distant metastasis-free survival, disease-free survival and overall survival. Tumors are prone to recur on the older patients. Patients having advanced tumor stage or tumor located in the nasal cavity or sinuses will suffer lower survival rates.
Brachytherapy ; Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Humans ; Iodine Radioisotopes ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Neoplasm Staging ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate

Objective To explore the overall relationship between social support and mental health among Chinese nurses and analyze potential moderators and provide a theoretical basis for improving nurses' mental health level. Methods The CNKI database, CQVIP, WAN-FANG DATA and China Outstanding Dissertations Database were searched for literature, in which the social support rating scale (SSRS, measured social support) and self-rating symptom scale (SCL-90, measured mental health) was used to investigate the correlation of social support and mental health in Chinese nurses. A total of 25 articles (including 25 independent samples, 4747 nurses) met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed by meta-analysis and meta-regression. Results The overall mean effect size calculation showed a significant negative correlation between social support and depression among Chinese nurses ( r=-0.17, 95% CI=-0. 24~-0.09, p<0.01). In the following analysis, the objective support, compared with subjective support and utilization degree, was more strongly correlated with SCL-90 (r =-0.20,-0.15,-0.13, Q =13.45, p < 0.01). In addition, the relationship could be influenced by factors such as age, publishing type, publishing age and region. Conclusions The social support is closely related to mental health in Chinese nurses, and the relationship could be influenced by the related factors. At the same time, the relationship between objective support and mental health is more closely related than subjective support and support utilization.

Klinefelter syndrome (KS) is the set of symptoms that result from the presence of an extra X chromosome in males. Postnatal population-based KS screening will enable timely diagnosis of this common chromosomal disease, providing the opportunity for early intervention and therapy at the time point when they are most effective and may prevent later symptoms or complications. Therefore, through this study, we introduced a simple high-resolution melting (HRM) assay for KS screening and evaluated its clinical sensitivity and specificity in three medical centers using 1373 clinical blood samples. The HRM assay utilized a single primer pair to simultaneously amplify specific regions in zinc finger protein, X-linked (ZFX) and zinc finger protein, Y-linked (ZFY). In cases of KS, the ratios of ZFX/ZFY are altered compared to those in normal males. As a result, the specific melting profiles differ and can be differentiated during data analysis. This HRM assay displayed high analytical specificity over a wide range of template DNA amounts (5 ng-50 ng) and reproducibility, high resolution for detecting KS mosaicism, and high clinical sensitivity (100%) and specificity (98.1%). Moreover, the HRM assay was rapid (2 h per run), inexpensive (0.2 USD per sample), easy to perform and automatic, and compatible with both whole blood samples and dried blood spots. Therefore, this HRM assay is an ideal postnatal population-based KS screening tool that can be used for different age groups.
DNA/genetics* ; Dried Blood Spot Testing ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Karyotyping ; Klinefelter Syndrome/diagnosis* ; Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors/genetics* ; Male ; Mass Screening/methods* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Reproducibility of Results ; Sensitivity and Specificity

Due to the particularity of ginseng cultivation, the soil fertility of cultivated ginseng is seriously depleted, so that the cultivated ginseng land can not be reused in the short term, and the land area available for cultivating ginseng becomes less and less with the growth of ginseng cultivation time. Therefore, in order to effectively manage ginseng cultivation, and achieve the sustainable use of ginseng land, it is necessary to obtain accurate information on the distribution of ginseng planting space. In this study, the object-oriented classification method based on rule set was used to extract ginseng planting area based on the ZY-3 satellite data in Fusong county, Jilin province. Firstly, multi-scale segmentation of ZY-3 remote sensing image in the study area was made, and the optimal segmentation scale was determined on the basis of multi-scale segmentation results. Secondly, a spectral curve according to the different feature type samples was generated. The similarities and differences between ginseng plot and other types of surface features were analyzed, and a rule set based on the results of spectral analysis was established to achieve the final extraction. The results show that the object-oriented classification method based on rule set can effectively extract the ginseng planting plots in the study area, and solve the problem that the extraction result is broken compared with the traditional pixel-based classification method.

Araloside A is one of the main active ingredients of Aralia taibaiensis. In this study, HPLC-MS/MS analysis method of araloside A in the main organs of SD rats was established. At the same time, the content of araloside A in the main organs (heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, brain) after oral administration with araloside A (50 mg•kg⁻¹) were determined to explore the tissue distribution characteristics of araloside A in vivo. The results showed that the methodological study of araloside A in the main organs of SD rats met the requirements, araloside A distributed in heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney and brain tissues reached peak at 1 h or 2 h after oral administration with 50 mg•kg-1.The distributions of araloside A at different time points after administration were distinct as follows： the content of araloside A at 20 min：liver>heart>spleen>lung>kidney>brain; the content of araloside A at 1 h： liver>spleen>kidney>lung>heart>brain; the content of araloside A at 2 h： liver>kidney>heart>spleen>lung>brain; the content of araloside A at 4 h： kidney>liver>spleen>heart>lung>brain; the content of araloside A at 8 h： spleen>heart>liver>kidney>lung>brain. Therefore, araloside A was mainly distributed in liver tissue, which had a certain correlation with the common use of Aralia taibaiensis in the treatment of hepatic disease. In addition, araloside A shows a low content but an obvious distribution in brain tissues, which indicates that the drug can pass through blood-brain barrier, and provides the basis for the study of araloside A in brain tissue.