Purpose To explore the clinical value of screening for partial agenesis of the corpus callosum(PACC)via measuring the distance from the end of the fetal corpus callosum to the occipital bone.Materials and Methods A Prospective study were performed from October 2017 to April 2023 in Ji’an Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital and Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital.A total of 33 PACC fetuses(abnormal group)and 396 normal fetuses(normal group)were selected as the research subjects.The distance(Z value)from the terminal posterior edge of the corpus callosum to the occipital bone was measured,Z value was calculated and compared between groups.The truncation value and related diagnostic efficiency indexes were calculated by receiver operator characteristic curve analysis,and the positive rate of Z value of abnormal group was compared with that of indirect signs.Results The distance from the terminal posterior edge of the corpus callosum to the occipital bone was positively correlated with the gestational age(r=0.913,P<0.001).The best regression equation was that the distance from the terminal posterior edge of the corpus callosum to the occipital bone was 3.879+1.115×gestational age,and the standard deviation was 1.670.The results of mean comparison showed that the Z value of the abnormal group was significantly higher than that of the normal group(t=11.223 9,P<0.001).When Z value 2.199 7 was used as the cut-off value for the diagnosis of PACC,the area under the curve was 0.9981,the Yoden index was 0.959 6,and the sensitivity,specificity,positive and negative predictive values were 96.97%,98.99%,88.89%and 99.75%,respectively.The positive rate of Z value in abnormal group was significantly higher than that of indirect signs(96.97%vs.63.64%,χ2=7.692 3,P<0.01).Conclusion The distance from the terminal posterior edge of corpus callosum to the occipital bone of PACC fetus is larger than that of normal fetus.The increase of Z value indicates that the end of corpus callosum moves forward,which can be used as one of the basis for screening PACC,and it has high clinical value when Z value 2.199 7 is used as the cut-off value for PACC screening.

The key role of the path planning technology for guide robots of the blind was introduced.The current research status of path planning algorithms based on traditional algorithms and intelligent algorithms was reviewed,involving in their advantages,disadvantages and application scopes and scenarios.The application of fusion algorithms in the path planning of guide robots for the blind was discussed,the challenges of the path planning algorithms of guide robots for the blind were analyzed,and its future development directions were pointed out.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2025,46(2):92-101]

Objective:To compare the efficacy and safety of crisaborole ointment 2% versus pimecrolimus cream 1% in the treatment of mild to moderate atopic dermatitis in children aged 2 years or older.Methods:A multicenter, randomized, open-label, controlled clinical trial was conducted. A total of 120 pediatric patients aged 2 - 17 years with mild to moderate atopic dermatitis were enrolled from departments of dermatology of 8 hospitals in China between March 2022 and February 2023. The participants were randomly assigned in a 1∶1 ratio to the crisaborole group and the pimecrolimus group, and received the treatment with crisaborole ointment 2% and pimecrolimus cream 1% respectively, twice a day for 4 weeks. Visits were scheduled at baseline/on day 1, as well as on days 8, 15, and 29. The primary efficacy outcome was the percentage of patients achieving the Investigator's Static Global Assessment (ISGA) success (defined as clear [0] or almost clear [1] on the ISGA scale, combined with ≥ 2‐grade improvement from baseline) on day 29. The secondary efficacy outcomes included changes in the Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) total scores from baseline to day 29, percentages of patients achieving ISGA improvement (defined as clear [0] or almost clear [1] on the ISGA scale), as well as changes in the Peak Pruritus Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) scores, Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) /Infants' Dermatology Life Quality Index (IDLQI) /Children's Dermatology Life Quality Index (CDLQI) scores, and in the Dermatitis Family Impact (DFI) scores. Drug safety was evaluated according to the incidence of adverse events. Categorical data were compared using the chi-square test. Since measurement data did not follow a normal distribution, the rank sum test was used for comparisons of measurement data between groups.Results:A total of 106 children with mild to moderate atopic dermatitis were included in the per-protocol analysis set, with 52 in the crisaborole group (26 males and 26 females) and 54 in the pimecrolimus group (27 males and 27 females). There were no significant differences in age, disease duration, ISGA and EASI scores at baseline between the two groups (all P > 0.05). On day 29, 22 patients (42.31%) in the crisaborole group and 25 (46.30%) in the pimecrolimus group achieved ISGA success, with no significant difference between the two groups ( χ2 = 0.17, P = 0.68) ; 35 patients (67.31%) in the crisaborole group and 45 (83.33%) in the pimecrolimus group achieved ISGA improvement, also with no significant difference between the two groups ( χ2 = 3.68, P = 0.06) ; additionally, there were no significant differences in the EASI, pruritus NRS, DLQI/IDLQI/CDLQI, or DFI scores between the two groups (all P > 0.05). Adverse reactions to the two topical agents were mainly local reactions such as mild to moderate pain, itching, or worsening of itching, and no obvious systemic adverse reactions occurred. The incidence of drug-related adverse reactions was 46.15% (24 cases) in the crisaborole group and 37.04% (20 cases) in the pimecrolimus group, with no significant difference between the two groups ( χ2 = 0.91, P = 0.34) . Conclusion:The efficacy of crisaborole ointment 2% was comparable to that of pimecrolimus cream 1% in the treatment of mild to moderate atopic dermatitis in children aged ≥ 2 years, and it yielded early and rapid improvement in the quality of life of patients and their families, with good safety and tolerability profiles.

Objective:To compare the efficacy and safety of crisaborole ointment 2% versus pimecrolimus cream 1% in the treatment of mild to moderate atopic dermatitis in children aged 2 years or older.Methods:A multicenter, randomized, open-label, controlled clinical trial was conducted. A total of 120 pediatric patients aged 2 - 17 years with mild to moderate atopic dermatitis were enrolled from departments of dermatology of 8 hospitals in China between March 2022 and February 2023. The participants were randomly assigned in a 1∶1 ratio to the crisaborole group and the pimecrolimus group, and received the treatment with crisaborole ointment 2% and pimecrolimus cream 1% respectively, twice a day for 4 weeks. Visits were scheduled at baseline/on day 1, as well as on days 8, 15, and 29. The primary efficacy outcome was the percentage of patients achieving the Investigator's Static Global Assessment (ISGA) success (defined as clear [0] or almost clear [1] on the ISGA scale, combined with ≥ 2‐grade improvement from baseline) on day 29. The secondary efficacy outcomes included changes in the Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) total scores from baseline to day 29, percentages of patients achieving ISGA improvement (defined as clear [0] or almost clear [1] on the ISGA scale), as well as changes in the Peak Pruritus Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) scores, Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) /Infants' Dermatology Life Quality Index (IDLQI) /Children's Dermatology Life Quality Index (CDLQI) scores, and in the Dermatitis Family Impact (DFI) scores. Drug safety was evaluated according to the incidence of adverse events. Categorical data were compared using the chi-square test. Since measurement data did not follow a normal distribution, the rank sum test was used for comparisons of measurement data between groups.Results:A total of 106 children with mild to moderate atopic dermatitis were included in the per-protocol analysis set, with 52 in the crisaborole group (26 males and 26 females) and 54 in the pimecrolimus group (27 males and 27 females). There were no significant differences in age, disease duration, ISGA and EASI scores at baseline between the two groups (all P > 0.05). On day 29, 22 patients (42.31%) in the crisaborole group and 25 (46.30%) in the pimecrolimus group achieved ISGA success, with no significant difference between the two groups ( χ2 = 0.17, P = 0.68) ; 35 patients (67.31%) in the crisaborole group and 45 (83.33%) in the pimecrolimus group achieved ISGA improvement, also with no significant difference between the two groups ( χ2 = 3.68, P = 0.06) ; additionally, there were no significant differences in the EASI, pruritus NRS, DLQI/IDLQI/CDLQI, or DFI scores between the two groups (all P > 0.05). Adverse reactions to the two topical agents were mainly local reactions such as mild to moderate pain, itching, or worsening of itching, and no obvious systemic adverse reactions occurred. The incidence of drug-related adverse reactions was 46.15% (24 cases) in the crisaborole group and 37.04% (20 cases) in the pimecrolimus group, with no significant difference between the two groups ( χ2 = 0.91, P = 0.34) . Conclusion:The efficacy of crisaborole ointment 2% was comparable to that of pimecrolimus cream 1% in the treatment of mild to moderate atopic dermatitis in children aged ≥ 2 years, and it yielded early and rapid improvement in the quality of life of patients and their families, with good safety and tolerability profiles.

Objective To investigate the expression levels and clinical significance of serum and placental microRNA(miR)-1227-3p and miR-212-3p in puerperas with fetal growth restriction(FGR).Methods A total of 120 puerperas diagnosed with FGR and completed delivery in our hospital were included as the study group.Patients were assigned into the mild group(n=72)and the severe group(n=48)according to the severity of their condition.Another 120 healthy puerperas who underwent prenatal check ups and delivered during the same period in our hospital were included as the control group.QRT-PCR was used to detect serum and placental miR-1227-3p and miR-212-3p.The pregnancy outcomes of both groups were recorded,including neonatal weight,1min Apgar score,placental weight and placental volume.Results Serum and placental miR-1227-3p expression levels,neonatal weight,1 min Apgar score,placental weight and placental volume were significantly lower in the study group than those of the control group(P＜0.05),while serum and placental miR-212-3p expression levels were significantly higher than those of the control group(P＜0.05).The expression levels of miR-1227-3p in serum and placenta of the severe group were obviously lower than those of the mild group(P＜0.05),while the expression level of miR-212-3p was obviously higher than those of the mild group(P＜0.05).The expression levels of miR-1227-3p in serum and placenta were positively correlated with neonatal weight,1 min Apgar score,placental weight and placental volume,and the expression levels of miR-212-3p in serum and placenta were negatively correlated with the above indicators(P＜0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis revealed that elevated serum and placental miR-212-3p levels were risk factors for FGR(P＜0.05),and increased serum and placental miR-1227-3p,neonatal weight,1 min Apgar,placental weight and placental volume were protective factors(P＜0.05).Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis showed that the diagnostic value of combined detection of serum and placenta miR-1227-3p and miR-212-3p levels for FGR was better than that of single diagnosis.Conclusion The combined detection of miR-1227-3p and miR-212-3p in serum and placenta of FGR puerperas has certain value in the clinical diagnosis of FGR.

Synovium is the target organ of rheumatoid arthritis.The excessive proliferation of synovial cells and insufficient apoptosis lead to synovial hyperplasia,which in turn causes damage to the surrounding tissues of the joint and bone destruction."Yang transforming qi and yin forming elements"is derived from Su Wen and is a highly summarized description of the functions of yin and yang,which runs through the entire course of the disease.This article elucidated the theoretical connotation of"yang transforming qi and yin forming elements"and its connection with synovial hyperplasia,proposing that the insufficiency of"yang transforming qi"is the root of synovial hyperplasia,while the excess of"yin forming elements"is the manifestation of synovial hyperplasia.Based on this,it put forward that"assisting yang qi as the priority,and according to the bias of pathogenic factors of yin,supplementing the method of reducing yin forming elements"is an important principle for treating this disease,which could provide new ideas for the treatment of the disease.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy of lightroom therapy on depressive mood and sleep problems in patients with depression, and the potential effects on physiological indices related to circadian rhythms.Methods:From October 2021 to July 2023, 54 patients with acute-phase depression hospitalized in the Mental Health Center of the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University were recruited. The participants were randomly assigned to either medication combined with the bright light therapy group (bright light group, n=36) or medication combined with the dim light therapy group (dim light group, n=18). Both groups received light therapy for 2 weeks, at 10 000 lx in the bright light group and 300 lx in the dim light group. Both groups received 30 minutes of light therapy from 7:30-8:00 a.m daily over two weeks, followed up for 1 week post-treatment. The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD 17) was used to assess patients′ depressive symptoms, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to assess patients′ sleep quality at baseline, at the end of every week. The 32-Item Hypomania Checklist (HCL-32) was used at the end of week 2 to assess the risk of manic switching after treatment. Daily measurements of body temperature, heart rate, and blood pressure were taken before and after light therapy, along with recording adverse events related to the therapy. Paired t- tests were used to compare changes in physiological indicators before and after treatment, and repeated measures ANOVA was applied to compare clinical symptom changes between the two groups. Results:Thirty-one and fifteen patients completed this study in the bright light and dim light groups, respectively, with no statistically significant difference in dropout rates( P>0.05). There were significant interaction effects between the time and group for HAMD 17 and PSQI score( F=5.51,4.11, both P<0.05). Both groups showed significant reductions in HAMD 17 and PSQI scores at baseline, week 1, week 2, and week 3 ( P<0.001). In the bright light group, body temperature increased significantly post-treatment on days 1-4, day 7, and day 12 (all P<0.05). Heart rate elevated on day 5 ( P<0.05).Systolic blood pressure decreased on days 4, 5, 11, and 12 compared to the pre-treatment baseline(all P<0.05). In the dim light group, systolic blood pressure increased on day 11 ( P<0.05). Diastolic blood pressure in the bright light group decreased on days 1, 5, and 6( P<0.05). No serious adverse events, vision loss, ocular structural changes occurred in either group. No hypomania or mania episodes were observed. The incidence of adverse events did not differ significantly ( P>0.05). Conclusion:Medication combined with indoor bright light is more effective than the combination of dim light for depressive symptoms and sleep problems in patients with depression. Patients receiving bright light also may exhibit a higher body temperature, accelerated heart rate, and reduced blood pressure.

Objective:To study the incidence and epidemiological characteristics of tsutsugamushi disease in Ankang City, Shaanxi Province.Methods:From 2018 to 2023, data on tsutsugamushi disease cases reported by various medical institutions at all levels in Ankang City were collected through the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System. At the same time, individual epidemiological investigation of reported cases was carried out, and electronic medical records of patients were retrieved to verify their diagnosis. In 2023, the rodents and chigger mites were monitored in 3 townships with high incidence of tsutsugamushi disease in Ankang City by night clamping method, and the chigger mites rate and chigger mites index were calculated. Blood, liver, spleen and kidney samples of rodents were collected, DNA of blood and organ mixture was extracted, and quantitative real-time PCR was used to detect Orientia tsutsugamushi. Results:A total of 330 cases of tsutsugamushi disease were reported in Ankang City from 2018 to 2023, and the reported incidence rate increased from 0.56/100 000 in 2018 to 5.02/100 000 in 2023. Among them, 139 were males and 191 were females, with a sex ratio of 0.73∶1.00. The age was mainly 45 - 70 years old, accounting for 81.52% (269/330). The occupation was mainly farmers, accounting for 86.97% (287/330). The onset time was mainly concentrated from April to October, with a total of 317 cases, accounting for 96.06% (317/330). The main clinical manifestations were fever (93.20%, 274/294), ulcer or eschar (75.85%, 223/294), headache (44.56%, 131/294), and lymph node enlargement (44.22%, 130/294). The misdiagnosis rate at the first diagnosis was 73.81% (217/294). A total of 452 rodents were captured, of which 91 rodents carried chigger mites, and chigger mites rate was 20.13% (91/452). A total of 1 463 chigger mites were captured, and the chigger mites index was 3.24 (1 463/452). Quantitative real-time PCR was performed on blood and organ mixture samples collected from 452 rodents, and one of the organ mixture samples tested positive for Orientia tsutsugamushi. Conclusions:The incidence of tsutsugamushi disease in Ankang City is relatively high, and the overall incidence is on the rise. The cases are mainly female, middle-aged and elderly, and farmers, with a high misdiagnosis rate at the first diagnosis. There are chigger mites in rodents in townships with high incidence of tsutsugamushi disease.

As one of the core pathogenesis during treatment with traditional Chinese medicine，liver heat runs through different stages of liver disease. The interpretation of its meaning in different medicine categories（traditional Chinese medicine，Tibetan medicine，Mongolian medicine，Uygur medicine，Dai medicine，Yao medicine，etc.） is not unified， and the phenomena of the same name with different meanings，confusion， and misappropriation emerge. This seriously restricts the inheritance，innovation， and clinical application of traditional Chinese medicine and ethnomedicine. By tracing and analyzing liver heat， it is found that liver heat in traditional Chinese medicine is caused by disordered rest and diet， as well as internal injury due to emotional disorder， which leads to liver dysfunction， Qi stagnation， and heat turning to fire in the liver meridian. The liver heat in Tibetan medicine is caused by the accumulated heat of the liver nature and the evil heat in the liver， which stimulates the toxin of Chiba fever. The liver heat in Mongolian medicine derives from the abnormal diet and rest， making excessive Sheila accumulate in the liver and causing disease. The above etiologies are all related to diet， rest，exogenous evil，emotion，and so on， and the pathogenesis is related to the imbalance of Qi and the metabolic disorder of organs. The clinical symptoms are pain in the liver region，yellow eyes， bitter mouth， fever，digestion，and loss of appetite. The principle of treatment and compatibility of prescription are heat-based， with auxiliary detoxification. Other ethnomedicine， such as Uygur medicine， Dai medicine， Yao Medicine，Miao medicine， and She medicine do not have a clear discussion on liver heat，and their etiology， pathogenesis， treatment，and prescription are not systematic，mostly based on a single drug or proven prescriptions.Through the systematic tracing，mining，induction，analysis， and arrangement of the liver heat based on existing literature information database in China，this paper regarded syndrome as the outline and disease as the goal，clarified the similarities and differences of the pathogenesis of liver heat in traditional Chinese medicine，and determined the relationship between liver heat and liver disease and the status quo of syndrome and treatment.This review provides evidence and reference for clinical prevention and treatment，as well as drug development for liver disease.