Objective To introduce the causes of accidents and the diagnosis and treatment of two patients with radiation-induced skin injury admitted to our hospital in 2023, and to provide a reference for the clinical treatment of subsequent radiation-induced skin injury. Methods The clinical treatment process of two patients with acute skin injury caused by external radiation exposure were summarized and analyzed. Results The exposure history of the two patients was reconstructed, the flaw detection scenario was simulated, the biological dose and hand skin exposure dose were estimated, and the infrared thermal imaging device was used for dynamic monitoring. A comprehensive analysis was conducted based on clinical manifestations and other data. The diagnosis of “Xie” was excessive exposure combined with acute radiation-induced skin injury on both hands (Grade IV for the right hand palm, index finger, and middle finger and Grade II for the left hand little finger). The diagnosis of “Hao” was acute radiation-induced skin injury on both hands (Grade I). The two patients received different clinical treatment measures: “Xie” was treated with both local and systemic therapies, while “Hao” was mainly treated with systemic therapy. Conclusion After systematic and effective treatment, the radiation-induced skin injuries healed in both patients.

Dipsaci Radix is a commonly used Chinese herbal medicine in China, with triterpenoid saponins as the main active components. β-Amyrin synthase, a member of the oxidosqualene cyclase superfamily, plays a crucial role in the biosynthesis of oleanane-type triterpenoid saponins. Asperosaponin Ⅵ is an oleanane-type triterpenoid saponin. To explore the β-amyrin synthase genes involved in the biosynthesis of asperosaponin Ⅵ in Dipsacus asper, this study screened the candidate genes from the transcriptome data of D. asper. Two β-amyrin synthase genes, Da OSC1 and Da OSC2, were identified by phylogenetic analysis and correlation analysis. The coding sequences of Da OSC1 and Da OSC2 were 2 286 bp and 2 295 bp in length, encoding 761 and 764 amino acids,respectively. Multiple sequence alignments showed that Da OSC1 and Da OSC2 had three conserved motifs( DCTAE, QW, and MWCYCR) unique to the oxidosqualene cyclase family. Real-time quantitative PCR results showed that Da OSC1 and Da OSC2 had the highest expression levels in the roots. Compared with normal growth conditions, the low-temperature treatment significantly upregulated the expression of Da OSC1 and Da OSC2. Agrobacterium-mediated transient expression of Da OSC1 and Da OSC2 in Nicotiana benthamiana resulted in the production of β-amyrin, which suggested that Da OSC1 and Da OSC2 were able to catalyze the synthesis of β-amyrin. This study clarified the catalytic functions of two β-amyrin synthases in D. asper, analyzed their expression patterns in different tissue and at low temperatures. The findings provide a foundation for further studying the biosynthetic pathway and regulatory mechanism of asperosaponin Ⅵ in D. asper.
Intramolecular Transferases/chemistry* ; Phylogeny ; Plant Proteins/chemistry* ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Dipsacaceae/classification* ; Saponins/metabolism* ; Oleanolic Acid/metabolism*

Objective To evaluate the changes in postoperative plasma β-endorphin(β-EP)levels in patients who had received perioperative electroacupuncture(EA)treatment in 10 randomized controlled trials(RCTs)and examine the impact of EA on postoperative pain.Methods This meta-analysis evaluated the changes in plasma β-EP levels and visual analog scale(VAS)12,24 and 48 hours after surgery in patients receiving perioperative EA.It also assessed the changes in plasma serotonin(5-hydroxytryptamine,5-HT)and prostaglandin E2(PGE2)levels at 24 hours postsurgery.A comprehensive search was conducted in the China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),Wanfang,Chongqing VIP database,Chinese Biomedical Database(CBM),Web of Science,and PubMed databases.RCTs on perioperative EA and β-EP published from the inception of the websites up to July 25,2023,were retrieved.Effect size aggregation,literature quality assessment,and bias analysis were performed using RevMan 5.3 software,and sensitivity analysis was conducted via R 4.3.1.Results A total of 10 RCTs involving 706 patients were included.EA in conjunction with conventional anesthesia significantly increased plasma β-EP levels at 12 hours postsurgery[standard mean difference(SMD)=2.79,95%CI(1.85,3.72),Z=5.81,P＜0.00001],24hours postsurgery[SMD=1.87,95%CI(0.9,2.83),Z=3.79,P=0.0001],and 48 hours postsurgery[SMD=2.02,95%CI(1.49,2.54),Z=7.50,P＜0.00001].EA reduced plasma PGE2 levels at 24 hours postsurgery and plasma 5-HT levels at 24 hours postsurgery,and the VAS at 12,24 and 48 hours after surgery also decreased.Conclusion These findings suggest that perioperative EA markedly elevates plasma β-EP levels,reduces pain-inducing factors in plasma,and effectively alleviates acute postoperative pain.

Objective To investigate the association between D-dimer levels within 2 hours of admission and in-hospital major adverse events (MAEs) in patients with acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD) who underwent total arch replacement combined with frozen elephant trunk (FET) implantation. Methods This retrospective study included patients with ATAAD who underwent total arch replacement with FET implantation at Fuwai Yunnan Cardiovascular Hospital from September 2017 to December 2022. Patients were divided into two groups based on the occurrence of in-hospital MAEs: a MAEs group and a non-MAEs group (control). Perioperative data were compared between the two groups. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify risk factors for in-hospital MAEs, which included in-hospital death, gastrointestinal bleeding, paraplegia, acute kidney injury, low cardiac output syndrome, stroke, respiratory failure, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, and severe infection. The predictive value of D-dimer was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Results A total of 218 patients were included (157 males, 61 females), with a mean age of (51.54±9.79) years. There were 152 patients in the non-MAEs group and 66 in the MAEs group. The overall incidence of in-hospital MAEs was 30.3%, and the in-hospital mortality rate was 2.8% (6/218). Compared to the non-MAEs group, the MAEs group had significantly higher levels of D-dimer and lactate, as well as longer cardiopulmonary bypass time, aortic cross-clamp time, and ICU length of stay (all P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified D-dimer as an independent risk factor for in-hospital MAEs [OR=1.077, 95%CI (1.020, 1.137), P=0.013]. The AUC for the D-dimer level within 2 hours of admission to predict in-hospital MAEs was 0.83 [95%CI (0.736, 0.870), P<0.001]. The optimal cutoff value was 2.2 μg/mL, with a sensitivity of 84.8% and a specificity of 73.0%. Conclusion The serum D-dimer level is an independent risk factor for in-hospital MAEs in patients with ATAAD following total arch replacement with FET implantation. D-dimer levels on admission can help clinicians optimize risk stratification and perioperative management, potentially reducing the incidence of early adverse events.

Objective To explore the construction of α-1,3-galactosyltransferase (GGTA1) gene-knockout (GTKO) Diannan miniature pigs and the kidney xenotransplantation from pigs to rhesus macaques, and to assess the effectiveness of GTKO pigs. Methods The GTKO Diannan miniature pigs were constructed using the CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing system and somatic cell cloning technology. The phenotype of GTKO pigs was verified through polymerase chain reaction, Sanger sequencing and immunofluorescence staining. Flow cytometry was used to detect antigen-antibody (IgM) binding and complement-dependent cytotoxicity. Kidney xenotransplantation was performed from GTKO pigs to rhesus macaques. The humoral immunity, cellular immunity, coagulation and physiological indicators of the recipient monkeys were monitored. The function and pathological changes of the transplanted kidneys were analyzed using ultrasonography, hematoxylin-eosin staining, immunohistochemical staining and immunofluorescence staining. Results Single-guide RNA (sgRNA) targeting exon 4 of the GGTA1 gene in Diannan miniature pigs was designed. The pGL3-GGTA1-sgRNA1-GFP vector was transfected into fetal fibroblasts of Diannan miniature pigs. After puromycin selection, two cell clones, C59# and C89#, were identified as GGTA1 gene-knockout clones. These clones were expanded to form cell lines, which were used as donor cells for somatic cell nuclear transfer. The reconstructed embryos were transferred into the oviducts of trihybrid surrogate sows, resulting in 13 fetal pigs. Among them, fetuses F04 and F11 exhibited biallelic mutations in the GGTA1 gene, and F04 had a normal karyotype. Using this GTKO fetal pig for recloning and transferring the reconstructed embryos into the oviducts of trihybrid surrogate sows, seven surviving piglets were obtained, all of which did not express α-Gal epitope. The binding of IgM from the serum of rhesus monkey 20# to GTKO pig PBMC was reduced, and the survival rate of GTKO pig PBMC in the complement-dependent cytotoxicity assay was higher than that of wild-type pig. GTKO pig kidneys were harvested and perfused until completely white. After the left kidney of the recipient monkey was removed, the pig kidney was heterotopically transplanted. Following vascular anastomosis and blood flow restoration, the pig kidney rapidly turned pink without hyperacute rejection (HAR). Urine appeared in the ureter 6 minutes later, indicating successful kidney transplantation. The right kidney of the recipient was then removed. Seven days after transplantation, the transplanted kidney had good blood flow, the recipient monkey's serum creatinine level was stable, and serum potassium and cystatin C levels were effectively controlled, although they increased 10 days after transplantation. Seven days after transplantation, the levels of white blood cells, lymphocytes, monocytes and eosinophils in the recipient monkey increased, while platelet count and fibrinogen levels decreased. The activated partial thromboplastin time, thrombin time and prothrombin time remained relatively stable but later showed an upward trend. The recipient monkey survived for 10 days. At autopsy, the transplanted kidney was found to be congested, swollen and necrotic, with a small amount of IgG deposition in the renal tissue, and a large amount of IgM, complement C3c and C4d deposition, as well as CD68⁺ macrophage infiltration. Conclusions The kidneys of GTKO Diannan miniature pigs may maintain normal renal function for a certain period in rhesus macaques and effectively overcome HAR, confirming the effectiveness of GTKO pigs for xenotransplantation.

With the rapid development of generative artificial intelligence(GAI)technologies,their widespread application in academic research and writing is continuously expanding the boundaries of sci-entific inquiry.However,this trend has also raised a series of ethical and regulatory challenges,inclu-ding issues related to authorship,content authenticity,citation accuracy,and accountability.In light of the growing involvement of AI in generating academic content,establishing an open,controllable,and trustworthy ethical governance framework has become a key task for safeguarding research integrity and maintaining trust within the academic community.This expert consensus outlines ethical requirements across key stages of AI-assisted academic writing-including topic selection,data management,citation practices,and authorship attribution.It aims to clarify the boundaries and ethical obligations surrounding AI use in academic writing,ensuring that technological tools enhance efficiency without compromising in-tegrity.The goal is to provide guidance and institutional support for building a responsible and sustainable research ecosystem.

Objective To explore the effects of Peiyuan Yishen Antai Decoction on cell senescence and decidualization of aged mice with recurrent spontaneous abortion(RSA)based on P53/P21 signaling pathway;To discuss its mechanism in the treatment of RSA.Methods 8-9 month old CBA/J female mice were randomly divided into aging model group(normal saline 0.3 mL/d),Chinese materia medica group(18.72 g/kg)and dydrogesterone group(2.6 mg/kg).6-8 week old CBA/J female mice were assigned to a reproductive age blank group(normal saline 0.3 mL/d),with five mice in each group.After administering the corresponding solutions by gavage for 2 weeks,the reproductive age blank group mice were housed in cages with BALB/c male mice,while the remaining groups were housed in cages with DBA/2 male mice.After confirming the presence of vaginal plug,gavage was continued until the 9th day of pregnancy for sampling.Mice embryo loss rate was observed,HE staining was used to observe the morphology of uterine decidua,immunohistochemistry was used to detect the localization and expression of aging related protein Pi6INK4a in decidua tissue,RT-PCR and Western blot were used to detect the mRNA and protein expressions of P53,P21,insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1(IGFBP-1)and prolactin(PRL)in decidual tissue.Results Compared with the reproductive age blank group,the embryo loss rate of the aging model group significantly increased(P＜0.05),the irregular endometrial cells were vacuolated,the number of glands and blood vessels was reduced,the expression of P16INK4a in decidual tissue significantly increased(P＜0.05),and the expressions of P53,P21 mRNA and protein significantly increased(P＜0.05),the mRNA and protein expressions of IGFBP-1 and PRL significantly decreased(P＜0.05).Compared with the aging model group,the Chinese materia medica group and the dydrogesterone group showed an decreasing trend in embryo loss rate in mice,the arrangement of cells in the decidua tissue was relatively neat,and the number of blood vessels and glands increased,the expression of P16INK4a in decidua tissue was significantly decreased(P＜0.05),the mRNA and protein expressions of P53 and P21 were significantly decreased(P＜0.05),while the mRNA and protein expressions of IGFBP-1 and PRL significantly increased(P＜0.05).Conclusion Peiyuan Yishen Antai Decoction can improve the aging status of endometrial stromal cells in aged RSA model mice by regulating the P53/P21 signaling pathway,promote decidualization process,and thus exert a protective effect on pregnancy.

Objective To explore the latent profile features of emotional intelligence and their impact on mental health among kindergarten teachers. Methods A total of 1 114 kindergarten teachers were selected as research subjects using a convenience sampling method. The scores of emotional intelligence and mental health were assessed with the Emotional Intelligence Scale and General Health Questionnaire, respectively. Results The scores of emotional intelligence and mental health were (5.9±1.0) and (22.2±8.2), respectively. Latent profile analysis showed that there were four potential profiles of emotional intelligence among kindergarten teachers, which were labelled as the deficient profile, weak profile, competent profile, and balanced profile, accounting for 8.8%, 25.0%, 40.5% and 25.7%, respectively. The results of multinomial logistic regression analysis showed that kindergarten teachers with parenting experience were less likely to be classified as the deficient and weak profiles than those without parenting experience (both P<0.05), and more likely to be classified into the competent profile (P<0.01). Kindergarten teachers with junior professional titles were more likely to be classified as the deficient profile than those with senior titles (P<0.05). Those working <10 h/d were less likely to be in the deficient or weak profiles than those working >12 h/d (both P<0.05). The Bolck-Croon-Hagenaars 􀱽 ² test indicated differences in mental health scores among the four potential profiles of emotional intelligence (P<0.01), with the competent profile showing the best mental health and the deficient profile the worst. Conclusion The kindergarten teachers have good levels of emotional intelligence and mental health, with heterogeneity in emotional intelligence characteristics. Parenting experience, professional title, and daily working hours were influencing factors for emotional intelligence latent profile classification.

Five compounds were isolated and purified from the water extract of Elaeagnus oxycarpa Schlechtend leaf by multi-dimensional reversed-phase preparative liquid chromatographic system based on the separation and enrichment model. Their structures were identified by spectral analysis such as NMR, MS, UV, IR and by comparison with literature information as 2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione (1), elaeagnussugarester B (2), elaeagnussugarester A (3), elaeagnussugarester C (4), gallic acid (5). Compounds 2-4 are new compounds, compound 1 was isolated from Elaeagnus oxycarpa Schlechtend for the first time. The antioxidant and anti-tyrosinase activities of these compounds were evaluated by using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical method, the 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) free radical method, the potassium ferricyanide reduction method and the colorimetric method with L-tyrosine as substrate. The results showed that compounds 2-5 have good antioxidant activities and inhibitory effect on tyrosinase. Compound 4 exhibited the most strong antioxidant activities, with IC₅₀ = 3.59 ± 0.06 μmol·L^-1 for DPPH free radical scavenging ability, IC₅₀ = 10.04 ± 0.20 μmol·L^-1 for ABTS free radical scavenging ability, and total reduction capacity of compound 4 was better than vitamin C respectively. Compound 3 possessed better inhibitory effect on tyrosinase with IC₅₀ = 0.25 ± 0.06 mmol·L^-1.

Ischemic stroke (IS) is a globally life-threatening disease. Presently, few therapeutic medicines are available for treating IS, and rt-PA is the only drug approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the US. In fact, many agents showing excellent neuroprotection but no blood flow-improving activity in animals have not achieved ideal clinical efficacy, while thrombolytic drugs only improving blood flow without neuroprotection have limited their wider application. To address these challenges and meet the huge unmet clinical need, we have designed and identified a novel compound AAPB with dual effects of neuroprotection and cerebral blood flow improvement. AAPB significantly reduced cerebral infarction and neural function deficit in tMCAO rats, pMCAO rats, and IS rhesus monkeys, as well as displayed exceptional safety profiles and excellent pharmacokinetic properties in rats and dogs. AAPB has now entered phase I of clinical trials fighting IS in China.