ObjectiveTo investigate the role and mechanism of ribosomal DNA （rDNA） transcription and ribosome biogenesis in muscle atrophy induced by acute kidney injury （AKI）. MethodsEight male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into a control group （Ctrl） and a model group （AKI）. An AKI model was established via intraperitoneal injection of cisplatin. Muscle atrophy was phenotypically assessed by measuring muscle mass， myofiber cross-sectional area （HE staining）， and mRNA expression levels of atrophy-related genes （Murf-1， Atrogin-1， Igf-1） using qRT-PCR. In vivo protein synthesis rates were determined via the SUnSET assay （puromycin incorporation）. Ribosome biogenesis was evaluated by assessing rRNA content and 47S pre-rRNA expression levels. Myotubes differentiated from mouse skeletal muscle cell lines （C2C12 myotubes） were treated with serum from AKI mice， and the effects on rDNA transcription， ribosome biogenesis， and protein metabolism were analyzed using chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction （ChIP-qPCR） and Western blot. ResultsAKI successfully induced muscle atrophy， as evidenced by a significant reduction in skeletal muscle mass. The most pronounced decrease occurred in the extensor digitorum longus muscle （21.0%， P 0.01）， along with a trend toward reduced myofiber cross-sectional area. At the molecular level， AKI inhibited muscle protein synthesis （83.14% reduction in puromycin incorporation， P 0.000 1） and impaired ribosome biogenesis， manifested by suppressed rDNA transcription elongation （52.62% decrease in 47S pre-rRNA ITS-1 levels， P 0.01） and reduced total rRNA content （65.29%， P 0.000 1）. In contrast， serum from AKI mice promoted rDNA transcription initiation and protein synthesis in C2C12 myotubes in vitro. ConclusionAKI induces muscle atrophy by suppressing rDNA transcription and ribosome biogenesis in skeletal muscle， leading to impaired protein synthesis. Dysregulated ribosome biogenesis may play a critical role in AKI-induced muscle atrophy.

Objective To explore the clinical efficacy and safety of immediate laparoscopic radical prostatectomy immediately following the diagnosis of locally advanced prostate cancer.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed for 63 patients with locally advanced prostate cancer who met the inclusion criteria diagnosed in The 1st People's Hospital of Qujing City,Yunnan Province from January 2018 to January 2023.All patients were diagnosed via ultrasound-guided transperineal prostate biopsy.The experimental group consisted of 37 patients who underwent immediate laparoscopic radical prostatectomy after pathological diagnosis,followed by postoperative adjuvant hormone therapy.The control group included 26 patients who first received 3 months of neoadjuvant hormone therapy before undergoing radical surgery,followed by adjuvant hormone therapy postoperatively.The two groups were compared in terms of surgical duration,intraoperative blood loss,length of hospital stay,duration of catheterization,positive surgical margin rate,rectal injury,positive lymph node rate,incidence of urinary fistula and lymphatic leakage,changes in PSA level,postoperative urinary control,biochemical recurrence and distant metastasis.Results In the control group,serum PSA levels,prostate volume,and clinical staging significantly decreased after neoadjuvant hormon therapy.The positive surgical margin rate in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05).There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in terms of surgical duration,intraoperative blood loss,length of hospital stay,duration of catheterization,rectal injury,positive lymph node rate,incidence of urinary fistula and lymphatic leakage(P>0.05).Follow-up at 18 to 36 months revealed no statistically significant differences between the two groups in terms of serum PSA levels at one month post-surgery,complete urinary control rate at six months post-surgery,and biochemical recurrence and distant metastasis at one and two years post-surgery(P>0.05).Conclusion Immediate laparoscopic radical prostatectomy following the diagnosis of locally advanced prostate cancer is a clinically safe and feasible treatment option.Noadjuvant hormone therapy reduces tumor staging,lowers the positive surgical margin rate,significantly decreases prostate volume,and provides greater operational space without increasing surgical risks.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of complete pelvic floor peritoneal reconstruction in reducing postoperative ileus incidence and accelerating recovery following laparoscopic radical cystectomy with orthotopic neobladder construction.Methods A retrospective study was conducted to select 62 patients who underwent the operation in Qujing Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University from January 2017 to September 2024.According to whether complete pelvic floor peritoneal reconstruction was performed during the operation,they were divided into the conventional group(n=25)and the reconstruction group(n=37).Postoperative ileus rates and recovery parameters were compared to assess the clinical value of complete pelvic floor peritoneal reconstruction.Results The reconstruction group showed better postoperative recovery compared to the routine group:gastrointestinal function recovery time[3(2,4)d vs 4(3,5)d,P=0.032],abdominal drainage time[12(10,13.5)d vs 14(12,15)d,P=0.006],pelvic drainage time[12(9,13.5)d vs 14(11,16)d,P=0.015],postoperative hospital stay[18(15.5,26)d vs 25(17,30.5)d,P=0.016],and hospital expenses[(53,695.67±10,182.43)yuan vs(60,803.73±14,449.24)yuan,P=0.027].Postoperative nutritional markers,including total protein[(64.49±6.82)g/L vs.(61.56±4.03)g/L,P=0.038]and albumin[(36.08±5.29)g/L vs.(33.40±3.57)g/L,P=0.020],were higher in the reconstruction group.No significant difference was found in ileus incidence(44.00%vs.32.43%,P=0.355).Other parameters—baseline characteristics,postoperative globulin and prealbumin levels,gastric tube retention,stent/catheter removal time,and complications(anastomotic leakage,urinary fistula,wound infection)—showed no intergroup differences(P>0.05).Conclusion The application of complete pelvic floor peritoneal reconstruction technique in laparoscopic radical cystectomy with orthotonic neobladder provides better protection for the intestine,reduces surgical area adhesions,promotes gastrointestinal function recovery,shortens abdominal and pelvic drainage times,accelerates patient rehabilitation,reduces hospital stay and expenses.However,whether it can effectively reduce postoperative intestinal obstruction rates still requires more data and experimental verification.

BACKGROUND: The clinical impact of post-percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) quantitative flow ratio (QFR) in patients treated with PCI for chronic total occlusion (CTO) was still undetermined. METHODS: All CTO vessels treated with successful anatomical PCI in patients from PANDA III trial were retrospectively measured for post-PCI QFR. The primary outcome was 2-year vessel-oriented composite endpoints (VOCEs, composite of target vessel-related cardiac death, target vessel-related myocardial infarction, and ischemia-driven target vessel revascularization). Receiver operator characteristic curve analysis was conducted to identify optimal cutoff value of post-PCI QFR for predicting the 2-year VOCEs, and all vessels were stratified by this optimal cutoff value. Cox proportional hazards models were employed to calculate the hazard ratio (HR) with 95% CI. RESULTS: Among 428 CTO vessels treated with PCI, 353 vessels (82.5%) were analyzable for post-PCI QFR. 31 VOCEs (8.7%) occurred at 2 years. Mean value of post-PCI QFR was 0.92 ± 0.13. Receiver operator characteristic curve analysis shown the optimal cutoff value of post-PCI QFR for predicting 2-year VOCEs was 0.91. The incidence of 2-year VOCEs in the vessel with post-PCI QFR < 0.91 (n = 91) was significantly higher compared with the vessels with post-PCI QFR ≥ 0.91 (n = 262) (22.0% vs. 4.2%, HR = 4.98, 95% CI: 2.32-10.70). CONCLUSIONS Higher post-PCI QFR values were associated with improved prognosis in the PCI practice for coronary CTO. Achieving functionally optimal PCI results (post-PCI QFR value ≥ 0.91) tends to get better prognosis for patients with CTO lesions.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the therapeutic efficacy of cinnamaldehyde (CA) on systemic Candida albicans infection in mice and to provide supportive data for the development of novel antifungal drugs. METHODS: Ninety BALB/c mice were randomly divided into 3 groups according to a random number table: CA treatment group, fluconazole (positive control) group, and Tween saline (negative control) group, with 30 mice in each group. Initially, all groups of mice received consecutive intraperitoneal injections of cyclophosphamide at 200 mg/kg for 2 days, followed by intraperitoneal injection of 0.25 mL C. albicans fungal suspension (concentration of 1.0 × 10⁷ CFU/mL) on the 4th day, to establish an immunosuppressed systemic Candida albicans infection animal model. Subsequently, the mice were orally administered CA, fluconazole and Tween saline, at 240, 240 mg/kg and 0.25 mL/kg respectively for 14 days. After a 48-h discontinuation of treatment, the liver, small intestine, and kidney tissues of mice were collected for fungal direct microscopic examination, culture, and histopathological examination. Additionally, renal tissues from each group of mice were collected for (1,3)- β -D-glucan detection. The survival status of mice in all groups was monitored for 14 days of drug administration. RESULTS: The CA group exhibited a fungal clearance rate of C. albicans above 86.7% (26/30), significantly higher than the fluconazole group (60.0%, 18/30, P<0.01) and the Tween saline group (30.0%, 9/30, P<0.01). Furthermore, histopathological examination in the CA group revealed the disappearance of inflammatory cells and near-normal restoration of tissue structure. The (1,3)-β-D-glucan detection value in the CA group (860.55 ± 126.73 pg/mL) was significantly lower than that in the fluconazole group (1985.13 ± 203.56 pg/mL, P<0.01) and the Tween saline group (5910.20 ± 320.56 pg/mL, P<0.01). The mouse survival rate reached 90.0% (27/30), higher than the fluconazole group (60.0%, 18/30) and the Tween saline group (30.0%, 9/30), with a significant difference between the two groups (both P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS CA treatment exhibited significant therapeutic efficacy in mice with systemic C. albicans infection. Therefore, CA holds potential as a novel antifungal agent for targeted treatment of C. albicans infection.
Animals ; Acrolein/pharmacology* ; Candida albicans/physiology* ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Candidiasis/pathology* ; Antifungal Agents/therapeutic use* ; Mice ; Fluconazole/therapeutic use* ; Kidney/drug effects* ; Female

Drug toxicity is closely related to both clinical drug safety and new drug development. Therefore, it is vital to understand the mechanisms of drug toxicity fully and to use appropriate research models with advanced technologies. Zebrafish has become an important vertebrate animal model for high-throughput drug screening and toxicity assessment. At the same time, zebrafish has an intact biological complexity, reflecting the whole organism's toxicity, which gives it an advantage over other high-throughput models in toxicity studies. Despite the gradual increase in toxicity studies utilizing zebrafish, a comprehensive and systematic review of the underlying mechanisms and new techniques is still lacking. This review aims to analyze common toxicity mechanisms in zebrafish models, such as oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, inflammation, and apoptosis, and macroscopic changes in biological processes like lipid metabolism disorders and neurotransmitter expression abnormalities. It also introduces new technologies applied in toxicity assessment, such as gene editing, novel fluorescence imaging technology, 3D imaging technology, and novel automated technology for high-throughput screening, such as fish capsules. In addition, it also summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of the model. By doing so, it will provide new suggestions for the development and improvement of the model, make it better serve the toxicity study of clinical drugs and provide a more comprehensive perspective for drug toxicity study, thus promoting the development of the field of drug toxicity study.

OBJECTIVE: Diabetes-induced gastrointestinal (GI) motility disorders are increasingly prevalent. Damage to the enteric nervous system (ENS), composed primarily of enteric neurons and glial cells, is an essential mechanism involved in these disorders. Although electroacupuncture (EA) has shown the potential to mitigate enteric neuronal loss, its mechanism is not fully understood. Additionally, the effects of EA on enteric glial cells have not been investigated. Enteric neural precursor cells (ENPCs) contribute to the structural and functional integrity of the ENS, yet whether EA enhances their differentiation into enteric neurons and glial cells remains unexplored. This study investigates whether EA promotes ENS repair through enhancing ENPC-derived neurogenesis and gliogenesis and elucidates the potential molecular mechanisms involved. METHODS: Transgenic mice were used to trace Nestin⁺/nerve growth factor receptor (Ngfr)⁺ ENPCs labeled with green fluorescent protein (GFP) in vivo. Mice were randomly divided into four groups: control, diabetes mellitus (DM), DM + sham EA, and DM + EA. The effects of EA on diabetic mice were evaluated by GI motility, ENS structure, and ENPC differentiation. Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF)/Ret signaling was detected to clarify the underlying molecular mechanisms. RESULTS: EA alleviated diabetes-induced GI motility disorders, as indicated by reduced whole gut transit time, shortened colonic bead expulsion time, and enhanced smooth muscle contractility. Furthermore, EA attenuated diabetes-induced losses of enteric neurons and glial cells, thereby restoring ENS integrity. Notably, EA reversed the diabetes-induced decrease in ENPCs and significantly increased the absolute number and the proportion of ENPC-derived enteric neurons. However, immunofluorescence analyses revealed no colocalization between EA-induced glial fibrillary acidic protein⁺ glial cells and GFP-labeled ENPCs. Mechanistically, GDNF/Ret signaling was elevated in intestinal tissues and upregulated in ENPCs in EA-treated diabetic mice. CONCLUSION EA facilitates ENS repair by promoting Nestin⁺/Ngfr⁺ ENPC differentiation into enteric neurons via upregulation of GDNF/Ret signaling, and driving enteric gliogenesis from non-Nestin⁺/Ngfr⁺ ENPCs. These findings highlight EA's role in ameliorating diabetes-induced GI dysmotility through ENPC-derived ENS restoration. Please cite this article as: Guo JL, Liu S, Ding SJ, Yang X, Du F. Electroacupuncture at ST36 improves gastrointestinal motility disorders by promoting enteric nervous system regeneration through GDNF/Ret signaling in diabetic mice. J Integr Med. 2025; 23(5):548-559.
Animals ; Electroacupuncture ; Enteric Nervous System/physiology* ; Gastrointestinal Motility/physiology* ; Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/metabolism* ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/therapy* ; Signal Transduction ; Mice ; Gastrointestinal Diseases/physiopathology* ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-ret/metabolism* ; Mice, Transgenic ; Male ; Nerve Regeneration ; Neural Stem Cells ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Acupuncture Points

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of facilitated percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)with half-dose recombinant staphylokinase(r-SAK)in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI)who are expected to undergo PCI within 120 minutes.Methods From October 2021 to August 2022,a total of 200 STEMI patients in eight centers were included and randomly assigned in a 1﹕1 ratio to either r-SAK group or control group.Patients received loading doses of aspirin and ticagrelor and intravenous heparin and were randomized to receive an intravenous bolus of either 5 mg r-SAK or normal saline prior to PCI.The outcomes were set as ST-segment resolution(STR)at 60-90 minutes after PCI,the proportion and transition of pathological Q waves on the 5th day after PCI,and the proportion of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T(hs-cTnT)peaking within 12 hours of onset.The safety outcome was major bleeding events defined as Bleeding Academic Research Consortium(BARC)≥type 3 bleeding during hospitalization.Results Compared with the control group,the r-SAK group had a higher proportion of STR≥70%within 60-90 minutes after PCI(58.3%vs.40.3%,P=0.009);a lower proportion of pathological Q waves(59.1%vs.74.1%,P=0.040);a lower rate of Q wave progression(14.8%vs.43.2%,P＜0.001);a higher rate of Q wave disappearance(12.5%vs.3.7%,P=0.027);and a higher proportion of hs-cTnT peaking within 12 hours of symptom onset[31/40(77.5%)vs.17/33(51.5%),P=0.027].Regarding the safety outcome,no significant difference in BARC≥type 3 bleeding was found between the two groups during hospitalization(P＞0.05).Conclusions For STEMI patients who were expected to undergo primary PCI within 120 minutes of symptom onset,the facilitated PCI with half-dose r-SAK significantly increased the proportion of STR≥70%at 60-90 minutes after PCI,reduced the formation of pathological Q waves,and shortened the time to peak hs-cTnT,without increasing the risk of bleeding,which should be an alternative reperfusion strategy worthy of further study.

The pathological mechanisms and related physiological indicators of acute mountain sickness(AMS)were introduced,and the present situation of wearable devices applied in AMS auxiliary detection and diagnosis were reviewed.The challenges and future development directions of wearable devices applied in auxiliary detection and diagnosis were pointed out.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2025,46(9):100-107]

Objective The protective effect and molecular mechanism of electroacupuncture combined with massage on cartilage damage in knee Osteoarthritis rats were explored.Methods 50 SD rats were selected and divided into a control group,a model group,an electroacupuncture group,a massage group,and an electroacupuncture+massage group of 10 rats each using an odd even number method.The rats in the control group were not treated with modeling,and the rats in the other groups were injected with Papain into the articular cavity to build the right knee Osteoarthritis(KOA)model.The massage and electroacupuncture groups were intervened with electroacupuncture and massage for 2 weeks.The improved Le-quesne MG scale was used to evaluate the behavioral performance of rats.The pressure pain value and heat pain threshold of rats before and after intervention were calculated.After eight weeks,the rats were euthanized and abdominal aortic blood was collected.The serum levels of pain mediators(K+),5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT),and dopamine(DA)were measured by ELISA in each group of rats.The right knee joint of rats was taken for HE staining Mankin score,TUNEL chondrocyte apoptosis analysis.Toluidine blue staining was used to observe the changes of cartilage matrix polysaccharide;Western blot was used to detect the concentration and expression of cartilage matrix factor type Ⅱ collagen(Collagen Ⅱ),C-terminal peptide(CTX Ⅱ),type Ⅱ collagen C-precursor peptide(CPⅡ),apoptosis related proteins Bax,Bcl-2,Cleared caspase-3,YAP,p-YAP in the knee joint tissues of rats in each group.Results After the establishment of the KOA model,the Lequesne MG score of rats increased significantly(P<0.05).Compared with the model group,the Lequesne MG scores of rats in the electroacupuncture group and massage group decreased significantly(P<0.05).The combination of the two can further reduce the Lequesne MG score significantly(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the pain threshold(TWL,MWT)of the model group was downregulated significantly,and the levels of serum pain factors(K+,DA,5-HT)were upregulated significantly(P<0.05).Compared with the model group,the pain thresholds(TWL,MWT)of the electroacupuncture group and the massage group were upregulated significantly,while the levels of serum pain factors(K+,DA,5-HT)were downregulated significantly(P<0.05).The combination of the two reflected the highest pain threshold(TWL,MWT)and the lowest serum pain factor(K+,DA,5-HT)levels.The model group rats had significant joint cartilage fissures,cartilage matrix staining and staining area decreased,and Markin score and cell apoptosis ability were improved(P<0.05).Compared with the model group,the arrangement degree of the cartilage layer,staining degree of the cartilage matrix,and staining area of the electroacupuncture group and massage group were all improved,while the Markin score and cell apoptosis rate all decreased significantly(P<0.05).The combination can further reduce the Markin score and the degree of chondrocyte apoptosis(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the expression of Collagen Ⅱ,CPⅡ,Bcl-2,and p-YAP proteins in the model group decreased significantly,while the expression of CTX Ⅱ,Bax,and Cleared caspase-3 proteins increased significantly(P<0.05).Conclusion The combination of electroacupuncture and massage intervention can significantly improve the pathological state of cartilage injury in rats with osteoarthritis,reduce knee joint pain,inhibit chondrocyte apoptosis,and play a protective role in cartilage injury.Its molecular mechanism may be related to the activation of Hippo YAP signaling pathway,which is worth further research in clinical practice.