The chemical constituents in dried roots of Atractylodes macrocephala were investigated in this study. Through utilizing normal-phase silica gel and ODS column chromatography, TLC, and semi-preparative HPLC, 4 new sesquiterpenoids were purified from the ethyl acetate extract of A. macrocephala. By various spectroscopic techniques, such as 1D and 2D NMR, HR-ESI-MS, IR, UV, and CD, their structures were identified as atractylmacron A (1), 9β-hydroxyasterolide (2), atractylenolide H (3), atractylenolide J (4). Compound 1 possesses a rare 6/7 bicyclic skeleton.

Background Acne treatment cycle lasts long and will cause facial appearance damage.Many patients are prone to psychological problems and severe patients may even experience suicidal ideation.However,the influencing factors of psychological health problems in acne patients are still unclear.Objective To investigate the mental health status of patients with moderate-to-severe acne and to analyze the influencing factors of their psychological health problems,so as to provide references for improving their mental health.Methods A total of 120 patients with moderate-to-severe acne of grades II-IV were selected as the research subjects,who were treated in the dermatology outpatient department of the Third Hospital of Mianyang from June 2021 to June 2023.All subjects were evaluated by using the Acne-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire(Acne-QoL),Self-rating Depression Scale(SDS),Self-rating Anxiety Scale(SAS),Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale(RSES)and Social Phobia Inventory(SPIN).According to the evaluation results of SDS,SAS,RSES,SPIN,subjects were divided into a group with mental health problems(n=21)and a group without mental health problems(n=99).Binary Logistic regression anaylsis was adopted to explore the influencing factors of psychological health problems in acne patients.Results A total of 21 patients(17.50%)were detected to have symptoms of depression,anxiety,inferiority or social dysfunction.Statistically significant difference was observed in comparison between two groups in gender,profession,acne classification,dietary habit,age,illness course as well as the factor scores of self perception,emotional function,social function and acne symptom in Acne-QoL(χ2=7.013,23.123,9.028,11.327,t=9.913,13.022,4.081,5.383,5.361,10.203,P<0.05).The results of binary Logistic regression analysis showed that the followings were risk factors for the occurrence of psychological health problems in acne patients:female(OR=2.243,95%CI:1.136～4.429),acne of grade III(OR=3.615,95%CI:1.269～10.295)or IV(OR=1.872,95%CI:1.073～3.266),course of disease≥1.6 years(OR=2.499,95%CI:1.068～5.851),a spicy or greasy diet(OR=3.811,95%CI:1.169～12.427),Acne-QoL self perception score≤18(OR=1.802,95%CI:1.227～2.646),Acne-QoL emotional function score≤18(OR=2.252,95%CI:1.016～4.992),Acne-QoL social function score≤14(OR=3.515,95%CI:1.534～8.053)and Acne-QoL acne symptom score≤18(OR=3.586,95%CI:1.098～11.715).Protective factors for psychological health problems in acne patients included age over 30 years old(OR=0.429,95%CI:0.283～0.648),occupation as professional cadre or enterprise employee(OR=0.483,95%CI:0.249～0.939)and other occupations(OR=0.276,95%CI:0.090～0.850).Conclusion A part of patients with moderate-to-severe acne may experience psychological health problems.Patients with female gender,higher acne grades,longer disease duration,preference for greasy or spicy foods and lower scores in all Acne-QoL factors have a higher risk of experiencing psychological health problems.

【Objective】 Dyslipidemia has shown to be associated with cardiovascular, metabolic and renal diseases. This study aimed to investigate the association between residual cholesterol and the risk of subclinical renal damage (SRD). 【Methods】 A total of 2 342 participants were recruited from the previously established Hanzhong Adolescent Hypertension Study cohort. According to estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR) and urinary albumin-to-creatine ratio(uACR), the subjects were divided into SRD group and non-SRD group. The associations of residual cholesterol with eGFR, uACR, and the risk of SRD were analyzed by multiple linear and Logistic regression analyses. 【Results】 Residual cholesterol was positively correlated with uACR(r=0.081, P<0.001) but negatively correlated with eGFR (r=-0.091, P<0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that residual cholesterol was an influencing factor of uACR (β=0.075, P<0.001) and eGFR (β=-0.027, P<0.001) after adjustment for gender, age, smoke, alcohol, exercise, BMI, hypertension, diabetes and serum uric acid. In addition, Logistic regression analysis revealed that residual cholesterol was significantly associated with the risk of SRD independently of potential confounders [OR(95% CI)=1.387 (1.113-1.728), P<0.001]. Further subgroup analysis showed that residual cholesterol was significantly associated with the risk of SRD in women but not in men. 【Conclusion】 Residual cholesterol is a contributing factor in the risk of subclinical renal damage with gender-specific association.

【Objective】 Corin, a transmembrane serine protease that can cleave atrial natriuretic peptide precursor (pro-ANP) into atrial natriuretic peptide with smaller bioactive molecules, participates in the pathophysiological process of hypertension and cardiac hypertrophy. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship of Corin gene variation with blood pressure responses to sodium and potassium dietary interventions. 【Methods】 In 2004, we recruited 514 participants from 124 families in 7 villages of Baoji, Shaanxi Province, China. All the subjects received a 3-day normal diet, a 7-day low-salt diet, a 7-day high-salt diet, and finally a 7-day high-salt and potassium supplementation. Fifteen single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of Corin gene were selected for final analysis. 【Results】 SNPs rs12509275 were significantly associated with diastolic blood pressure (DBP) response to low-salt diet, while rs3749584 was associated with pulse pressure (PP) response to low-salt diet.SNP rs3749584 and rs10517195 were significantly associated with PP response to high-salt diet. In addition,rs17654278 were significantly associated with systolic blood pressure (SBP) response to high-salt and potassium supplementation, rs2271037 was significantly correlated with DBP responses to high-salt and potassium supplementation, and rs4695253, rs12509275, rs2351783, rs36090894 were significantly associated with PP response to high-salt and potassium supplementation. 【Conclusion】 Corin gene polymorphisms were associated with blood pressure response to sodium and potassium, suggesting that Corin gene may be involved in pathophysiological process of salt sensitivity and potassium sensitivity.

【Objective】 4-like protein with down-regulated expression and development in neural precursor cells (NEDD4L) plays an important role in blood pressure (BP) regulation and sodium homeostasis by regulating epithelial sodium channel protein. In this study, we aimed to explore the relationship of NEDD4L gene polymorphisms with BP responses to sodium and potassium intake. 【Methods】 In 2004, 514 subjects from 124 families in Meixian County, Shaanxi Province, were recruited to establish a salt-sensitive hypertension study cohort. All the subjects received a 3-day baseline survey, a 7-day low-salt diet, a 7-day high-salt diet, and finally a 7-day high-salt and potassium supplementation. Their BP was measured and peripheral blood samples were collected at different intervention periods. The 14 gene polymorphisms of NEDD4L gene were genotyped and analyzed by MassARRAY platform. 【Results】 BP decreased on a low-salt diet, and significantly increased on a high-salt diet, and decreased again after potassium supplementation. NEDD4L SNPs rs74408486 were significantly associated with systolic BP, diastolic BP and mean arterial pressure responses to the low-salt diet. SNPs rs292449 and rs2288775 were significantly associated with pulse pressure response to the high-salt diet. In addition, SNPs rs563283 and rs292449 were significantly associated with diastolic BP, mean arterial pressure, and pulse pressure responses to high-salt and potassium supplementation diet. 【Conclusion】 NEDD4L gene polymorphisms were significantly associated with BP responses to sodium and potassium intake, suggesting that NEDD4L gene may be involved in the development of salt sensitivity and potassium sensitivity.

【Objective】 Based on our previously established salt-sensitive hypertension cohort, we aimed to examine the association of genetic variants in uromodulin with blood pressure(BP) responses to dietary interventions of sodium and potassium intake. 【Methods】 In 2004, 514 subjects from 124 families in Mei County, Shaanxi Province, were recruited to establish the salt-sensitive hypertension study cohort. Among them, 333 non-parent subjects were selected and sequentially maintained on a normal-diet for 3 days, low-salt diet for 7 days, then a high-salt diet for 7 days and a high-salt diet with potassium supplementation for another 7 days. Thirteen single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) in the uromodulin gene were genotyped on the MassARRAY platform. 【Results】 BP levels decreased from the baseline to low-salt diet, increased from low-salt to high-salt diet, and decreased again from the high-salt diet to the high-salt plus potassium supplementation intervention. SNPs rs77875418 and rs4997081 of the uromodulin gene were significantly associated with diastolic BP(DBP) and mean arterial pressure(MAP) responses to high-salt diet. In addition, SNPs rs77875418, rs79245268, rs4293393, rs6497476, rs4997081, rs13333226, and rs12917707 were significantly associated with systolic BP(SBP), DBP, and MAP responses to high-salt diet with potassium supplementation. 【Conclusion】 Genetic variants in uromodulin gene are significantly associated with BP responses to sodium and potassium supplementation, suggesting that uromodulin may be mechanistically involved in BP sodium-sensitivity and potassium-sensitivity.

【Objective】 M3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor(M3 receptor), encoded by CHRM3 gene, is widely distributed in the cardiovascular system and plays an important role in cardiac regulation. The aim of this study was to assess the association of genetic variants in M3 receptor with blood pressure(BP) responses to controlled dietary sodium and potassium interventions. 【Methods】 A total of 333 subjects from 124 families were recruited from the rural areas of northern China. After a three-day baseline observation, they were sequentially on a seven-day low-salt diet, a seven-day high-salt diet, and a seven-day high-salt diet plus potassium supplementation. Thirteen CHRM3 single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) were selected for analysis. 【Results】 SNP rs10802811 of the CHRM3 was significantly associated with diastolic BP(DBP) and mean arterial pressure(MAP) responses to both low-salt and high-salt diets while SNPs rs6429147, rs373288072, rs114677844 and rs663148 showed significant associations with systolic BP(SBP) and MAP responses to high-salt diet. In addition, SNP rs6692904 was significantly associated with SBP, DBP and MAP responses to high-salt diet with potassium supplementation. 【Conclusion】 Genetic variants in M3 receptor are significantly associated with BP responses to sodium and potassium intervention, suggesting that M3 receptor may be mechanistically involved in BP salt and potassium sensitivity.

Effective supplementation of probiotics can be beneficial to intestinal health, but in situ analysis of probiotics activity has rarely been reported. In this study, by coupling fluorescein 5-isothiocyanate (FITC) and 5(6)-carboxytetramethylrhodamine N-succinimidyl ester (5(6)-TAMRA-SE) with D-lysine, two fluorescent D-amino acids (FDAAs) probes were obtained: green probe (fluorescein-D-lysine, FDL) and red probe (TAMRA-D-lysine, TDL). Then, we tried to label the three kinds of probiotics, Lactobacillus acidophilus (LA), Lactobacillus casei (LC) and Veillonella atypica (VA) in vitro. FDAAs was applied to the labeling of intestinal flora in mice, and a method was established to investigate the oral survival rate of three commonly used probiotics. All animal experiments were approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine. The results show that the two synthetic FDAAs can be non-toxic and 100% for the in vitro labeling of the three probiotics. Known by FDAAs two-step labeling of oral probiotics, the high survival rate of LA was 92.30% ± 1.67%. The survival rates of VA and LC are similar, 84.13% ± 4.06% and 82.27% ± 2.43%, respectively. This study can quickly compare the changes of colonization survival rate of different probiotics in vivo, provide theoretical support for the in situ colonization activity of probiotics in the intestine, and guide the rational drug use of clinical probiotics.

Humans ; Nephrectomy ; Hemostatics/therapeutic use* ; Laparoscopy ; Kidney Neoplasms/surgery* ; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures

【Objective】 To explore the relationship between plasma adiponectin levels and hypertension based on the Hanzhong adolescent hypertension cohort. 【Methods】 A total of 361 young individuals with normal renal function， aged 32 to 41 years old， were taken as the research subjects. We collected or measured data including general characteristics， blood pressure （BP）， height， weight， pulse rate， and biochemistry indexes such as fasting glucose， blood lipid and plasma hs-CRP. The concentration of plasma adiponectin was determined by ELISA method. Binary logistic regression was performed to analyze the relationship between plasma adiponectin and hypertension. 【Results】 The plasma adiponectin level in patients with hypertension was significantly lower than that in normotensive patients ［3.56 （2.57-5.02）） μg/mL vs. 4.82 （3.19-6.89） μg/mL， P=0.012］. Partial correlation analysis showed a weak correlation of plasma adiponectin level with systolic BP and diastolic BP （r=-0.155， P=0.003 and r=-0.144， P=0.006）. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for confounding factors such as age， BMI， and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein， the risk of hypertension was 2.46 times higher in patients with plasma adiponectin in the lowest gender-specific tertile than those in the highest tertile （OR=2.46， 95% CI: 1.22-4.99）. 【Conclusion】 Hypoaponectinemia is an independent risk factor for hypertension in young individuals with normal renal function.