Objective: To identify the structure of the complementarity determining region (CDRs), the V(D)J rearrangement and somatic hypermutational characteristics of the heavy and light chains of a red blood cell blood group-specific monoclonal antibody. Methods: The hybridoma cell line secreting human IgM κ monoclonal anti-P antibody was used as the research object. Total RNA was extracted from cultured monoclonal cell line, and cDNA was obtained by reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) using random hexamers primers. It was then amplified and sequenced using primers specific for variable regions of the immunoglobulin heavy and light chains encoding the anti-P antibody. The sequences were aligned against the NCBI database using online Immunoglobulin BLAST (Ig-BLAST) tool. Results: The study determined the structure of the CDRs and framework regions (FRs) of the variable regions of human monoclonal anti-P immunoglobulin, as well as the characteristics of V(D)J rearrangement. Moreover, the closest VH, VD, and VJ germline alleles for the heavy chain and VL and VJ germline alleles for the light chain were also identified. The IgH gene rearrangment pattern of the monoclonal anti-P was IGHV6-1 * 01—IGHD5-18 02—IGHJ4 02 and IgL gene was IGκV1-12 01—IGκJ3 01. Nine base mutations occurred within the germline gene IGHV6-1 01 in variable region of heavy chain, whereas 5 base mutations were found in the germline gene IGκV1-12 01 in variable region of light chain, respectively. Conclusion: This study characterized the CDR structure in monoclonal antibody cell line targeting the high-frequency red blood cell P antigen, and provided a foundation for the construction of recombinant antibody expressing plasmids and transfomation of the immunoglobulin type.

Objective: To analyze the factors related to dual use of traditional cigarettes and e-cigarettes among middle school students in Beijing, in order to provide a scientific basis for adapting to the new situation and carrying out tobacco control among adolescents. Methods: A multi stage cluster random sampling method was used to select 15 688 and 13 607 junior and senior middle school students from 16 districts in Beijing from April to June in 2019 and 2023, respectively. Online self administered questionnaires among middle school students in Beijing were completed, including use of traditional cigarettes and e-cigarettes, exposure to second hand smoke, attitudes and perceptions towards tobacco, etc. The Chi-square test was used to compare rates, and a multiple factors Logistic regression model was used to analyze related factors of traditional cigarettes and e-cigarettes dual use among middle school students. Results: The dual use rate of traditional cigarettes and e-cigarettes in 2023 had decreased to 2.46% from 4.88% in 2019 among middle school students in Beijing. The results of the multiple Logistic regression model analysis showed that among middle school students, tobacco control anywhere at home (boys: OR =0.47, girls: OR =0.34), without anyone smoking on campus in the past month (boys: OR =0.43, girls: OR =0.26) had lower risks of dual use ( P <0.05); and middle school students strongly or slightly agreeing that smoking could bring happiness (boys: OR =4.11, 2.22, girls: OR =5.32, 3.87), believing that smoking could increase attractiveness of young people (boys: OR =3.13, girls: OR =5.81), smoking cigarettes handed over by good friends (boys: OR =4.24, girls: OR =7.21), thinking smoking in the next year (boys: OR =5.77, girls: OR =7.74) had higher risks of dual use ( P <0.05).Among boys, junior middle school students ( OR =0.50), excellent academic performance ( OR =0.36), no acceptance of free tobacco products from tobacco companies ( OR =0.38), believing that smoking couldn t refresh oneself ( OR =0.37) and smoking still could pose a health hazard though not yet addictive ( OR =0.32) had lower risks of dual use ( P <0.05);and boys with a history of secondhand smoke exposure indoor outside home ( OR =2.19), believing that quitting smoking without difficulty ( OR =2.57),smoking e-cigarettes handed over by good friends ( OR =11.27) had higher risks of dual use ( P <0.05). Among girls, no acceptance of using tobacco product labeled items ( OR =0.28) had lower risks of dual use ( P <0.05); and girls whose parents both smoke ( OR =5.53), believing that quitting smoking might not be difficult ( OR =4.44) had higher risks of dual use ( P < 0.05 ). Conclusions The dual use rate of traditional cigarettes and e-cigarettes among middle school students in Beijing has decreased. It is recommended to take the construction of smoke free families as the starting point, so as to reduce indoor second hand smoke exposure and control tobacco promotions, and promote the formation of correct tobacco control culture and moral constraints among secondary school students.

Schistosomiasis is prevalent in 78 countries and territories worldwide, while the eastern and western parts of sub-Sahara Africa bear the highest disease burden due to schistosomiasis. Recently, climate change, international trade and travel, urbanization and war have increased the risk of cross-boundary importation and transmission of schistosomiasis, and schistosomiasis has increasingly become a public health concern in non-endemic countries and territories. Biomphalaria straminea, the intermediate host of Schistosoma mansoni, has colonized in southern China and its habitats continue to move northward. In addition, cross-boundary imported cases of schistosomiasis have been reported occasionally in China. However, the real number of cases may be underestimated greatly due to insufficient diagnostic capacity and weak awareness of case reporting for overseas imported schistosomiasis in healthcare facilities. It is necessary to establish a multi-party collaborative mechanism, improve corresponding systems and technical specifications, reinforce surveillance and early warning, and border management, enhance technical reserves and capability building, and improve the awareness of schistosomiasis prevention and healthcare-seeking among entry-exit personnel, in order to effectively address the threat of cross-boundary imported schistosomiasis.

Objective To conduct an in-depth analysis and feature extraction of the transcriptomics data of 10 types of cancers in order to realize the staging diagnosis of cancer samples.Methods The transcriptomics data of the top 10 cancers having the highest incidence were amassed from the UCSC Xena website,which comprised 4 938 samples and 59 428 genes.With the aid of variational autoencoder,we developed an incremental feature ranking and selection variational autoencoder(IFRSVAE)based on feature importance ranking and incorporating the masking algorithm and the Incremental Feature Selection(IFS).Subsequently,the performance efficiency of our IFRSVAE model was evaluated in conjunction with Random Forest(RF),Support Vector Machine(SVM),and eXtreme Gradient Boosting(XGboost),and it was also compared with other methods.Results Our research extracted 21 features for the ensuing classification.In comparison to the conventional variational autoencoder,recursive feature elimination,and Lasso regression models,the IFRSVAE model attained more favorable performance across all 3 classifiers(highest AUC value,and well performed other indicators).Notably,the IFRSVAE-RF exhibited the most outstanding performance,with an AUC value reaching 85.49%(95%CI:83.24%～87.74%).Moreover,Shapley additive explanations(SHAP)interpretable model illustrated well contributions of the features in our model.Conclusion Our developed IFRSVAE shows certain effectiveness in feature extraction.The constructed IFRSVAE-RF model demonstrates relatively good performance in the task of cancer staging diagnosis,which providing a new and referable idea for research orientation of deep-learning-based diagnostic methods for cancer staging.

Sarin(GB)is a typical representative of nerve agents with high toxicity,and very low amount can cause death.GB can cause water and atmospheric environment poisoning,so the detection of GB in water and air is of great significance.In this work,a colorimetric sensor array(CSA)based on GB inhibition of cholinesterase activity was constructed to detect GB with high selectivity.A 4×4 colorimetric array was constructed using acetylcholinesterase(AChE),butyryl cholinesterase(BuChE)and the corresponding substrate acetylthiocholine iodide(S-ACh),butyryl thiocholine iodide(S-BCh),acetylcholine chloride(ACh),butyryl choline chloride(BCh)and 2,6-dichloroindophenol ethyl ester(DCIE).The linear curve of the sensor was Y=131.3×lgC+271.6(R2=0.997),where Y was the array response Euclidean distance,C was the concentration of GB(mg/L),the linear range was 0.03?0.32 mg/L,and the detection limit was 27.6 μg/L.The method could effectively distinguish chemical warfare agents(CWA)such as VX,Soman(GD),mustard gas(HD),Louie reagent(L),and had high anti-interference ability,sensitivity and good repeatability.It was successfully applied to the detection of GB in simulated water and simulated air samples,and the sample recovery rate was 97.2% ?100.9%.This method would be potentially applied to the field rapid detection of nerve agents.

A method for simultaneous determination of 21 kinds of Aconitum alkaloids(ATS)in biological specimens and infused liquor using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS/MS)was developed.The biological samples were pretreated with methanol-acetonitrile(1∶2,V/V)for protein precipitation,while infused liquors were diluted 100-fold with acetonitrile,followed by centrifugation,and filtration by a 0.22-μm membrane.Chromatographic separation was carried out on an EC-C18 column using gradient elution with the mixture of 10 mmol/L ammonium acetate and 0.2%formic acid as mobile phase A and acetonitrile as mobile phase B.With this method,all the analytes were separated within 9.5 min.The samples were detected in positive ESI mode with dynamic multiple reaction monitoring(MRM)and quantified via external standard calibration.The results showed that the concentrations of the analytes in the range of 2-1000 ng/mL had excellent linearity(R2>0.9992)with the peak area.The developed method was successfully used for detection of 21 kinds of aconitum alkaloids,with limits of detection of 0.5-2 ng/mL,quantification limits of 2-6 ng/mL,intra/inter-day precision≤6.0%,spiked recoveries of 89.4%-100.9%,extraction recoveries of 74.2%-104.4%,and matrix effects ranging from-11.1%to 9.2%in blood/urine.The method was applied to detection of 12 samples from 4 fatal aconite poisoning cases,and all 21 kinds of ATS with total alkaloid concentrations of 0.04-4.18 μg/mL in blood and 154.96-422.83 μg/mL in medicinal liquors were detected.Tissue distribution revealed that the order of concentrations from highest to lowest is as follows:urine(157.22 μg/mL)>gastric contents(51.37 μg/mL)>kidney(21.6 μg/g)>whole blood(4.18 μg/mL)>liver(0.03 μg/g).This method showed many advantages such as simple pretreatment,low detection limits,accurate quantification,broad analyte coverage,and superior anti-interference capability in complex matrices,proving ideal for forensic and toxicological analysis of aconitum alkaloids.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of Lingnan fire needling in the treatment of plaque psoriasis.Methods A total of 60 cases of patients with plaque psoriasis admitted to Bao'an Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine from August 2021 to January 2023 were selected,and the patients were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group according to the random number table method,with 30 cases in each group.The observation group was given Lingnan fire needling for treatment,and the control group was given topical application of Calcipotriol Ointment.The course of treatment covered eight weeks continuously.After eight weeks of treatment,the clinical efficacy of the two groups was evaluated,and the changes of Psoriasis Area and Severity Index(PASI)scores and Dermatology Life Quality Index(DLQI)scores,as well as the diameter of glomus under dermoscopy of the patients in the two groups were observed before the treatment and after 2,4,6,and 8 weeks of treatment.Changes in Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale(GAD-7)scores before treatment and after 2,4,6,and 8 weeks of treatment were compared between the two groups.Results(1)After 2,4,6 and 8 weeks of treatment,the scores of PASI,DLQI and GAD-7 of patients in the two groups were improved significantly(P<0.05),and the improvement in the observation group was significantly superior to that in the control group,the difference being statistically significant(P<0.05).(2)The cured and markedly rate of the observation group was 86.67%(26/30);and that of the control group was 66.67%(20/30).The efficacy of the observation group was superior to that of the control group,the difference being statistically significant(P<0.05).(3)After 2,4,6,and 8 weeks of treatment,the diameter of glomus under dermoscopy of the patients in the two groups were improved significantly(P<0.05),and the improvement in the observation group was significantly superior to that in the control group,the difference being statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Lingnan fire needling therapy for plaque psoriasis can effectively improve the clinical symptoms of the patients,relieve the anxiety symptoms induced by skin lesions and itching,so as to improve their quality of life.

BACKGROUND: Preclinical studies have indicated that Angong Niuhuang Pills (ANP) reduce cerebral infarct and edema volumes. This study aimed to investigate whether ANP safely reduces cerebral infarct and edema volumes in patients with moderate to severe acute ischemic stroke. METHODS: This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot trial included patients with acute ischemic stroke with National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores ranging from 10 to 20 in 17 centers in China between April 2021 and July 2022. Patients were allocated within 36 h after onset via block randomization to receive ANP or placebo (3 g/day for 5 days). The primary outcomes were changes in cerebral infarct and edema volumes after 14 days of treatment. The primary safety outcome was severe adverse events (SAEs) for 90 days. RESULTS: There were 57 and 60 patients finally included in the ANP and placebo groups, respectively for modified intention-to-treat analysis. The median age was 66.0 years, and the median NIHSS score at baseline was 12.0. The changes in cerebral infarct volume at day 14 were 0.3 mL and 0.4 mL in the ANP and placebo groups, respectively (median difference: -7.1 mL; interquartile range [IQR]: -18.3 to 2.3 mL, P = 0.30). The changes in cerebral edema volume of the ANP and placebo groups on day 14 were 11.4 mL and 4.0 mL, respectively ( median difference: 3.0 mL, IQR: -1.3 to 9.9 mL, P = 0.15). The rates of SAE within 90 days were similar in the ANP (3/57, 5%) and placebo (7/60, 12%) groups ( P = 0.36). Changes in serum mercury and arsenic concentrations were comparable. In patients with large artery atherosclerosis, ANP reduced the cerebral infarct volume at 14 days (median difference: -12.3 mL; IQR: -27.7 to -0.3 mL, P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: ANP showed a similar safety profile to placebo and non-significant tendency to reduce cerebral infarct volume in patients with moderate-to-severe stroke. Further studies are warranted to assess the efficacy of ANP in reducing cerebral infarcts and improving clinical prognosis. TRAIL REGISTRATION Clinicaltrials.gov , No. NCT04475328.
Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Double-Blind Method ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/adverse effects* ; Ischemic Stroke/drug therapy* ; Pilot Projects ; Stroke/drug therapy* ; Treatment Outcome

BACKGROUND: The profile and clinical significance of the oral microbiome in patients with non-obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (noHCM) and obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (oHCM) remain unexplored. The objective of this study was to evaluate the difference of oral microbiome between noHCM and oHCM patients. METHODS: This cross-sectional study enrolled 18 noHCM patients and 26 oHCM patients from Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences between 2020 and 2021. Clinical and periodontal evaluations were conducted, and subgingival plaque samples were collected. Metagenomic sequencing and subsequent microbial composition and functional analyses were performed. RESULTS: Compared to oHCM patients, those with noHCM had higher systolic blood pressure (138.1 ± 18.8 mmHg vs . 124.2 ± 13.8 mmHg, P = 0.007), a larger body circumference (neck circumference: 39.2 ± 4.0 cm vs . 35.1 ± 3.7 cm, P = 0.001; waist circumference: 99.7 ± 10.5 cm vs . 92.2 ± 10.8 cm, P = 0.027; hip circumference: 102.5 ± 5.6 cm vs . 97.5 ± 9.1 cm, P = 0.030), a greater left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (46.6 ± 4.9 mm vs . 43.1 ± 4.9 mm, P = 0.026), and a lower left ventricular ejection fraction (64.1 ± 5.7 % vs . 68.5 ± 7.8%, P = 0.048). While overall biodiversity and general microbial composition were similar between the noHCM and oHCM groups, ten taxa displayed significant differences at the genus and species levels, with Porphyromonas gingivalis showing the highest abundance and greater enrichment in noHCM (relative abundance: 7.79535 vs . 4.87697, P = 0.043). Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis identified ten distinct pathways, with pathways related to energy and amino acid metabolism being enriched in oHCM patients, and those associated with genetic information processing less abundant in the oHCM group. Metabolic potential analysis revealed ten significantly altered metabolites primarily associated with amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism, porphyrin metabolism, pentose and glucuronate interconversion, and lysine degradation. CONCLUSIONS The higher abundance of Porphyromonas gingivalis , which is known to impact cardiovascular health, in noHCM patients may partially account for clinical differences between the groups. Pathway enrichment and metabolic potential analyses suggest microbial functional shifts between noHCM and oHCM patients, potentially reflecting inherent metabolic changes in HCM.
Humans ; Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic/microbiology* ; Female ; Male ; Microbiota/genetics* ; Middle Aged ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Adult ; Mouth/microbiology* ; Aged