To investigate the correlation between vitamin D nutritional status and insulin resistance in pubertal adolescents.

To investigate body composition and associated factors in adolescents undergoing long-term regular sports training.

ObjectiveTraditional Chinese medicine (TCM) constitutes a valuable cultural heritage and an important source of antitumor compounds. Poria (Poria cocos (Schw.) Wolf), the dried sclerotium of a polyporaceae fungus, was first documented in Shennong’s Classic of Materia Medica and has been used therapeutically and dietarily in China for millennia. Traditionally recognized for its diuretic, spleen-tonifying, and sedative properties, modern pharmacological studies confirm that Poria exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antitumor activities. Pachymic acid (PA; a triterpenoid with the chemical structure 3β-acetyloxy-16α-hydroxy-lanosta-8,24(31)-dien-21-oic acid), isolated from Poria, is a principal bioactive constituent. Emerging evidence indicates PA exerts antitumor effects through multiple mechanisms, though these remain incompletely characterized. Neuroblastoma (NB), a highly malignant pediatric extracranial solid tumor accounting for 15% of childhood cancer deaths, urgently requires safer therapeutics due to the limitations of current treatments. Although PA shows multi-mechanistic antitumor potential, its efficacy against NB remains uncharacterized. This study systematically investigated the potential molecular targets and mechanisms underlying the anti-NB effects of PA by integrating network pharmacology-based target prediction with experimental validation of multi-target interactions through molecular docking, dynamic simulations, and in vitro assays, aimed to establish a novel perspective on PA’s antitumor activity and explore its potential clinical implications for NB treatment by integrating computational predictions with biological assays. MethodsThis study employed network pharmacology to identify potential targets of PA in NB, followed by validation using molecular docking, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, MM/PBSA free energy analysis, RT-qPCR and Western blot experiments. Network pharmacology analysis included target screening via TCMSP, GeneCards, DisGeNET, SwissTargetPrediction, SuperPred, and PharmMapper. Subsequently, potential targets were predicted by intersecting the results from these databases via Venn analysis. Following target prediction, topological analysis was performed to identify key targets using Cytoscape software. Molecular docking was conducted using AutoDock Vina, with the binding pocket defined based on crystal structures. MD simulations were performed for 100 ns using GROMACS, and RMSD, RMSF, SASA, and hydrogen bonding dynamics were analyzed. MM/PBSA calculations were carried out to estimate the binding free energy of each protein-ligand complex. In vitro validation included RT-qPCR and Western blot, with GAPDH used as an internal control. ResultsThe CCK-8 assay demonstrated a concentration-dependent inhibitory effect of PA on NB cell viability. GO analysis suggested that the anti-NB activity of PA might involve cellular response to chemical stress, vesicle lumen, and protein tyrosine kinase activity. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis suggested that the anti-NB activity of PA might involve the PI3K/AKT, MAPK, and Ras signaling pathways. Molecular docking and MD simulations revealed stable binding interactions between PA and the core target proteins AKT1, EGFR, SRC, and HSP90AA1. RT-qPCR and Western blot analyses further confirmed that PA treatment significantly decreased the mRNA and protein expression of AKT1, EGFR, and SRC while increasing the HSP90AA1 mRNA and protein levels. ConclusionIt was suggested that PA may exert its anti-NB effects by inhibiting AKT1, EGFR, and SRC expression, potentially modulating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. These findings provide crucial evidence supporting PA’s development as a therapeutic candidate for NB.

Objective To investigate the effects of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and interleukin-6(IL-6)in coronary arteriosclerosis(AS)on the migration of stem cell antigen-1(Scal-1)and Nanog positive cells migration.Methods Ten atherosclerotic model mice and 10 normal mice were taken respectively,and the fresh hearts of the two groups were taken out,OCT embedding,frozen sections,HE staining and oil red O staining were performed respectively to observe the pathological changes of coronary arteries;Using immunohistochemical staining techniques,the expression changes of TNF-α,IL-6,Scal-1,and Nanog in the coronary artery wall were observed under light microscope.The ventricular tissue of 20 1-week-old mice was excised.Primary Scal-1 and Nanog positive cells were extracted using density gradient centrifugation,and these cells were purified and cultured.Immunofluorescence technology was used to identify the purity of Scal-1 and Nanog positive cells.Transwell migration experiments on passage 1(P1)cells was performed to observe the effects of different concentrations of inflammatory factors on the migration of Scal-1 and Nanog positive cells.Results The blood lipid test showed that the total cholesterol,triglycerides,and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol of the model mice were significantly higher than those of the normal control group.Histological staining showed that all the mouse models had obvious coronary atherosclerosis plaque.Immunohistochemical staining results showed that the inflammatory factor TNF-α and IL-6 in atherosclerosis region were strong positive expression,while Scal-1 and Nanog positive cells in atherosclerotic plaques increased,compared to the normal group.The positive rate of Scal-1 in P1 generation cells was about 80％,The positive rate of Nanog was approximately 91％.The Transwell experiment showed that IL-6 had no effect on cell migration at low concentrations,but had an inhibitory effect on cell migration at high concentrations;Low concentrations TNF-α promoted cell migration with 0.5 μg/L TNF-α showing the most significant effection cell migration,and exhibiting inhibitory effects inhibit at high concentrations.Conclusion TNF-α and IL-6 inflammatory factors,Scal-1 and Nanog positive cells are all involved in the occurrence and development of AS,and the appropriate concentration of inflammatory factors can enhance the migration of stem cells to the coronary atherosclerosis region.

A portable multi-wavelength spectral detector was developed for on-site,rapid and accurate detection of organic pollutants in surface water using ultraviolet light-emitting diodes(UV-LEDs)and the corresponding spectral detection method was built.By measuring the fluorescence spectrum and absorption light intensity and combining with the multi-wavelength spectral correlation calculation method to analyze the target,the developed detector was able to qualitatively and quantitatively detect organic pollutants that responded in the UV-light range of 260-370 nm.The proposed detector was used to detect polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)and Rhodamine B.The linear ranges of anthracene and Rhodamine B in absorption mode were 10-100 and 8.5-100 mg/L,respectively.In fluorescence mode,the linear ranges for anthracene and Rhodamine B were 0.006-50 and 0.02-0.781 mg/L,correspondingly.The absorption/fluorescence concurrent mode could extend the detection ranges of anthracene and Rhodamine B to 0.006-100 and 0.02-100 mg/L,respectively.The recoveries of PAHs in surface water ranged from 97.4%to 105.1%for anthracene and 84.5%to 91.2%for anthracene,naphthalene,and pyrene in absorption and fluorescence modes,respectively.The method was accurate in both modes.The mixtures containing PAHs were identified by the proposed method under the optimized multi-wavelength spectral correlation calculation.The results demonstrated that the method could achieve a similarity of 75%or more when identifying two different concentrations of solutions containing a single or a mixture of targets within the linear concentration range of the targets.However,the similarity dropped to less than 25%when identifying two solutions of different substances.The proposed method had excellent recognition abilityof targets.The proposed detector and method combined fluorescence and absorption spectroscopy,which could expand the application of spectroscopy in the in situ rapid identification and detection of pollutants such as PAHs in surface water.

Background::Clinical opportunistic screening is a cost-effective cancer screening modality. This study aimed to establish an easy-to-use diagnostic model serving as a risk stratification tool for identification of individuals with malignant gastric lesions for opportunistic screening.Methods::We developed a questionnaire-based diagnostic model using a joint dataset including two clinical cohorts from northern and southern China. The cohorts consisted of 17,360 outpatients who had undergone upper gastrointestinal endoscopic examination in endoscopic clinics. The final model was derived based on unconditional logistic regression, and predictors were selected according to the Akaike information criterion. External validation was carried out with 32,614 participants from a community-based randomized controlled trial.Results::This questionnaire-based diagnostic model for malignant gastric lesions had eight predictors, including advanced age, male gender, family history of gastric cancer, low body mass index, unexplained weight loss, consumption of leftover food, consumption of preserved food, and epigastric pain. This model showed high discriminative power in the development set with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.791 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.750–0.831). External validation of the model in the general population generated an AUC of 0.696 (95% CI: 0.570–0.822). This model showed an ideal ability for enriching prevalent malignant gastric lesions when applied to various scenarios.Conclusion::This easy-to-use questionnaire-based model for diagnosis of prevalent malignant gastric lesions may serve as an effective prescreening tool in clinical opportunistic screening for gastric cancer.

AIM To investigate the clinical effects of Feining Paidu Decoction combined with conventional treatment on patients with Mycoplasma pneumoniae lobar pneumonia.METHODS Ninety patients were randomly assigned into control group(45 cases)for 2-week intervention of conventional treatment,and observation group(45 cases)for 2-week intervention of both Feining Paidu Decoction and conventional treatment.The changes in clinical effects,TCM syndrome scores,inflammatory indices(WBC,N,CRP,ESR,PCT),inflammatory cytokines(TNF-α,IL-6,IL-8),coagulation indices(PLT,TT,PT,APTT,Fib,D-D),pulmonary imaging intergal and incidence of adverse reactions were detected.RESULTS The observation group demonstrated higher total effective rate than the control group(P<0.05).After the treatment,the two groups displayed decreased TCM syndrome scores,inflammatory indices,inflammatory cytokines,PLT,pulmonary imaging intergal(P<0.05),especially for the observation group(P<0.05);the observation group exhibited prolonged TT,PT,APTT(P<0.05),and decreased Fib,D-D(P<0.05),which were more obvious than those in the control group(P<0.05).No significant difference in incidence of adverse reactions was found between the two groups(P>0.05).CONCLUSION For the patients with Mycoplasma pneumoniae lobar pneumonia,Feining Paidu Decoction combined with conventional treatment can safely and effectively alleviate clinical symptoms,and improve inflammatory responses,coagulation functions.

Objective:To analyze the status of anemia at the beginning of dialysis in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) adult patients, and to explore the relationship between early dialysis anemia and early survival and long-term survival.Methods:It was a retrospective cohort study. The baseline demographic and clinical data of newly admitted MHD patients from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the hemoglobin (Hb) level at the beginning of dialysis, the patients were divided into high Hb group (Hb≥110 g/L), middle Hb group (80 g/L≤Hb<110 g/L) and low Hb group (Hb<80 g/L). The baseline data among the three groups were compared, and the changing trend of Hb level in MHD patients during the 8 years was analyzed. The follow-up ended at peritoneal dialysis, kidney transplantation, death or on December 31, 2021. All-cause death event within 6 months after the initiation of dialysis was defined as early death, while all-cause death event more than 6 months after the initiation of dialysis was defined as long-term death. Kaplan-Meier survival curve was used to analyze the survival rate, and log-rank test was used to compare the survival rates among the three groups. Multivariate Cox regression analysis model was used to analyze the association between anemia (Hb<110 g/L) at the beginning of dialysis and both early and long-term mortality.Results:A total of 36 216 MHD patients were included in this study, with age of (61.3±15.5) years old and 22 163 males (61.20%). The Hb at the beginning of dialysis was (89.33±20.89) g/L. The compliance rate of Hb (≥110 g/L) was 16.43% (5 952/36 216). There were 12 232 patients (33.78%), 18 032 patients (49.79%), and 5 952 patients (16.43%) in low Hb group, middle Hb group, and high Hb group, respectively. There were statistically significant differences in gender distribution, age, serum creatinine, blood phosphorus, blood calcium, C-reactive protein, intact parathyroid hormone, blood leukocytes, platelets, serum albumin, triglyceride, total cholesterol, and proportions of chronic glomerulonephritis, diabetic nephropathy, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, tumors, emporary catheter, long-term catheter and autologous arteriovenous fistula among the three groups (all P<0.05). During the 8-year period, the Hb level had an increased trend steadily each year, and Hb was (88.48±22.07) g/L, (88.52±21.43) g/L, (87.86±21.29) g/L, (88.93±20.69) g/L, (88.87±20.69) g/L, (90.03±20.47) g/L, (90.74±20.31) g/L and (90.31±20.54) g/L year by year. There were 2 176 early deaths (6.01%), and 6 557 long-term deaths (18.10%) by the end of follow-up. Kaplan-Meier survival curve showed that early survival rate of low Hb group was significantly lower than those of high Hb group (log-rank test, χ2=57.115, P<0.001) and middle Hb group (log-rank test, χ2=49.918, P<0.001), and long-term survival rates of low Hb group (log-rank test, χ2=107.097, P<0.001) and middle Hb group (log-rank test, χ2=47.430, P<0.001) were significantly lower than that of high Hb group. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that Hb<80 g/L at the beginning of dialysis was an independent influencing factor of early death (Hb ≥110 g/L as a reference, HR=1.307, 95% CI 1.096-1.559), and 80 g/L≤Hb<110 g/L and Hb<80 g/L at the beginning of dialysis were the independent influencing factors of long-term death (Hb≥110 g/L as a reference, HR=1.108, 95% CI 1.021-1.203; HR=1.228, 95% CI 1.127-1.339, respectively) in MHD patients. Conclusions:The compliance rate of Hb at the beginning of dialysis in MHD patients is low. Hb <80 g/L at the beginning of dialysis is an independent risk factor of early death, and Hb <110 g/L at the beginning of dialysis is an independent risk factor of long-term death in MHD patients.

AIM To investigate the flavor technology for Jiannaoning Mixture based on electronic tongue combined with preference index.METHODS Artificial sensory evaluation method was employed to screen the type of flavor agents,electronic tongue was applied to screening the consumption of flavor agents,and double-bottle preference test was adopted in the analysis of effects of rat gender and body weight on taste sensitivity,after which acceleration test was conducted.RESULTS Sucrose,stevioside and xylitol were taken as flavor agents,whose optimal consumptions were 15%,0.08%and 15%,respectively.Male rats demonstrated stable taste perception with the body weights of 220-280 g,and 0.08%stevioside displayed the best flavoring effect.After placed under accelerated condition for 3 months,the preparation exhibited stable appearance,pH value and contents of lobetyolin,salvianolic acid B,schizandrin,ruscogenin.CONCLUSION This stable and reliable method can provide reference for improving the terrible tastes of Jiannaoning Mixture and other oral liquid preparations of traditional Chinese medicines.

Hip fracture in the elderly is characterized by high incidence, high disability rate, and high mortality and has been recognized as a public health issue threatening their health. Surgery is the preferred choice for the treatment of elderly patients with hip fracture. However, lower extremity deep venous thrombosis (DVT) has an extremely high incidence rate during the perioperative period, and may significantly increase the risk of patients′ death once it progresses to pulmonary embolism. In response to this issue, the clinical guidelines and expert consensuses all emphasize active application of comprehensive preventive measures, including basic prevention, physical prevention, and pharmacological prevention. In this prevention system, basic prevention is the basis of physical and pharmacological prevention. However,there is a lack of unified and definite recommendations for basic preventive measures in clinical practice. To this end, the Orthopedic Nursing Professional Committee of the Chinese Nursing Association and Nursing Department of the Orthopedic Branch of the China International Exchange and Promotive Association for Medical and Health Care organized relevant nursing experts to formulate Expert consensus on perioperative basic prevention for lower extremity deep venous thrombosis in elderly patients with hip fracture ( version 2024) . A total of 10 recommendations were proposed, aiming to standardize the basic preventive measures for lower extremity DVT in elderly patients with hip fractures during the perioperative period and promote their subsequent rehabilitation.