OBJECTIVE: To preliminarily investigate the effects and mechanism of action of Yishen Yangsui Formula (, YSYSF)on the recovery of neurological function in rats with degenerative cervical myelopathy. METHODS: Fifty adult SD female rats were randomly divided into control group, sham group, model group, YSYSF group and positive drug group by using randomized numerical table method. In the model group, YSYSF group and positive drug group, polyvinyl alcohol acrylamide interpenetrating network hydrogel(water-absorbent swelling material) was used to construct a rat spinal cord chronic compression model. The sham group was implanted with the water-absorbent swelling material and then removed without causing spinal cord compression. The control group, the sham group and the model group were given equal amounts of saline by gavage, the group of YSYSF was given Chinese herbal medicine soup by gavage 9.1 g·kg^-1 once a day, and the positive drug group was given tetrahexylsalicylglucoside sodium monosialate ganglioside by intraperitoneal injection 4.2 mg·kg^-1 once a day. The motor function of the rats was assessed by the BBB method after 1, 3, 7, and 14 d of drug administration. The spinal cord tissues were taken from rats executed 14 d after drug administration, and the morphological changes of the spinal cord compression site were observed by HE staining, and the expression levels of Caspase-1, GSDMD, NLRP3, PYCARD, IL-1β, and IL-18 were detected in the area of spinal cord injury by Western blot method. RESULTS: The BBB scores of the control group and the sham group were normal at all time points after modeling, which were higher than the BBB scores of the model group, the YSYSF, and the positive drug group (P<0.05). From the 3rd day after gavage, at all time points, the BBB scores of rats in the YSYSF group and the positive drug group were higher than those of rats in the model group (P<0.05). The staining pattern of HE spinal cord tissue was normal in the control group and the sham group, and the HE spinal cord in the model group was severely damaged with a large number of neuron deaths, whereas the damage to the spinal cord and neuron cells was reduced in the YSYSF group and the positive drug group. The expression levels of caspase-1, GSDMD, NLRP3, PYCARD, IL-1β and IL-18 in the spinal cord of the model group were significantly higher than those of the sham group (P<0.0001), and the expression levels of caspase-1, GSDMD, NLRP3, PYCARD, IL-1β, and IL-18 in the YSYSF group and the drug group were significantly lower than those in the model group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION YSYSF can improve the motor function of rats with degenerative cervical spinal cord disease, alleviate the pathological changes, and promote the recovery of spinal cord neurological function. The specific mechanism may be related to the inhibition of the activation of inflammatory vesicles NLRP3 and PYCARD, the reduction of the release of inflammatory factors IL-1β and IL-18, the reduction of the expression of caspase-1 and GSDMD, the reduction of cellular death, and the inhibition of inflammatory response.
Animals ; Female ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/administration & dosage* ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Pyroptosis/drug effects* ; Spinal Cord/pathology* ; NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein ; Spinal Cord Diseases/drug therapy* ; Interleukin-1beta/metabolism*

The population aging and the coming of the information era are accompanied with the growing incidence of spinal degenerative diseases, which result in heavy social and economic burdens. Under the guidance of the tendon-bone theory, rich experience has been accumulated in the prevention and diagnosis of spinal degenerative diseases with traditional Chinese medicine(TCM), which demonstrates unique advantages. China's government has placed people's health in the strategic position of development, providing a favorable environment for the realization of healthy aging. The Healthy China 2030 advocates special actions for healthy bones. As China is facing an important period of demographic transition, the Traditional Chinese Medicine for Bone Health Program has emerged, combining the needs of the national health strategy and the advantages of TCM. This paper discusses the background and significance of the program. According to the theory of five body constituents and the characteristics of musculoskeletal system diseases, this paper constructs a theoretical system of "tendon-meridian-muscle-bone-marrow" to explain the structure and function of the musculoskeletal system. From the holistic view of TCM, this system shows not only the structure and function of the musculoskeletal system but also the patterns of disease development and the mechanism of TCM treatment. The system facilitates the research on not only the comorbidities related to bone health but also the occurrence, development, and outcome of diseases. In the management of chronic degenerative diseases, attention should be paid to the establishment and improvement of the disease prevention and control system in addition to the disease treatment alone. Finally, this paper introduces the characteristic advantages of TCM in the whole process of prevention, diagnosis, treatment, rehabilitation, and health maintenance of spinal degenerative diseases, aiming to enrich the connotation of the tendon-bone theory, provide ideas and implementation strategies for TCM clinical practice, and ultimately achieve the effective management of the diagnosis and treatment of spinal degenerative diseases.
Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Spinal Diseases/prevention & control* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use* ; China ; Bone and Bones/drug effects*

The scientific basis of acupuncture on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for treating ischemic stroke (IS) is discussed. MSCs transplantation has great potential for the treatment of tissue damage caused by early stage inflammatory cascade reactions of IS, but its actual transformation is limited by various factors. How to improve the homing efficiency of MSCs is the primary issue to enhance its efficacy. As such, the possible mechanisms of acupuncture and MSCs transplantation in inhibiting inflammatory cascade reactions induced by IS are explored by reviewing literature, and a hypothesis that acupuncture could promote the secretion of stromal cell-derived factor-1α (SDF-1α) from ischemic foci to regulate SDF-1α/CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) axis, thereby improving the homing efficiency of MSCs transplantation, exerting its neuroprotective function, and improving the bed transformation ability, is proposed.
Humans ; Ischemic Stroke ; Chemokine CXCL12 ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Mesenchymal Stem Cells ; Inflammation

Objective:To compare and analyze the clinical appplication and therapeutic effect of applying three methods for correction of moderate and severe upper eyelid skin laxity.Methods:From January 2017 to March 2019, retrospective analysis was performed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of applying three methods by Department of Plastic Surgery at Xijing Hospital of Air Force Medical University to correct moderate and severe upper eyelid skin laxity, such as subbrow blepharoplasty(SBB), double eyelid surgery(DES) and combination of subbrow blepharoplasty and double eyelid surgery(CSD). Patients were divided into the SBB group, DES group, and CSD group according to the different surgical methods, inclusion and exclusion criteria. The 6 month postoperative improvement of upper eyelid skin laxity, including marginal reflex distance 1(MRD1), medial corneal margin-fold distance (MCMFD), middle pupil margin-fold distance (MPMFD), lateral canthus margin-fold distance (LCMFD), the improvement of upper eyelid wrinkles and patient and surgeon visual analog scores (VAS) were compared. Measurement data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation, comparison between groups was performed by ANOVA, pairwise comparison between groups was performed by LSD- t test, P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results:Ninety female patients were included in this study. Thirty patients in each group, patients were between 35 and 62 years old. There was no significant difference in gender, age, and degree of upper eyelid skin laxity among the three groups ( P>0.05). All patients were followed up for 6 to 24 months. Upper eyelid skin laxity and upper eyelid wrinkles were obviously improved in all cases after operation. With the exception of 2 cases of vomiting and 1 case of scalp numbness of CSD group. The improvement of MRD1 in SBB group, DES group and CSD group was (0.14±0.09) mm, (0.34±0.11) mm, (0.43±0.15) mm, showing significant difference between three groups ( F=34.537, P <0.001). The differences between the SBB group and the DES group, the DES group and the CSD group, and the SBB group and the CSD group were statistically significant ( t=6.418, 2.824, 9.236, P <0.001, 0.008, <0.001). The improvement of MCMFD in SBB group, DES group and CSD group was (0.32±0.15) mm, (0.92±0.21) mm, (0.97±0.24) mm, showing significant difference between three groups ( F=94.082, P <0.001). The differences between the SBB group and the DES group, the SBB group and the CSD group were statistically significant ( t=11.273, 12.404, P <0.001), and there was no significant difference between the DES group and the CSD group ( t=1.132, P=0.261). The improvement of MPMFD in SBB group, DES group and CSD group was (0.34±0.13) mm, (1.07±0.24) mm, (1.37±0.23) mm, showing significant difference between three groups ( F=193.935, P<0.001). The differences between the SBB group and the DES group, the DES group and the CSD group, and the SBB group and the CSD group were statistically significant ( t=13.531, 5.628, 19.159, P <0.001). The improvement of LCMFD in SBB group, DES group and CSD group was (0.54±0.17) mm, (1.58±0.37) mm, (1.97±0.48) mm, showing significant difference between three groups ( F=121.405, P <0.001). The differences between the SBB group and the DES group, the DES group and the CSD group, and the SBB group and the CSD group were statistically significant ( t=10.971, 4.097, 15.068, P <0.001). The improvement of upper eyelid wrinkles in SBB group, DES group and CSD group was 0.70±0.47, 0.50±0.51, 1.20±0.48, showing significant difference between three groups ( F=16.471, P <0.001). There was no significant difference between the SBB group and the DES group ( t=1.592, P=0.115), while the differences between the DES group and the CSD group, and the SBB group and the CSD group were statistically significant ( t=5.571, 3.979, P <0.001). The VAS patients score in SBB group, DES group and CSD group was 2.77±0.57, 2.17±0.38, 3.90±0.31, showing significant difference between three groups ( F=124.575, P<0.001). The differences between the SBB group and the DES group, the DES group and the CSD group, and the SBB group and the CSD group were statistically significant ( t=5.379, 15.541, 10.161, P <0.001). The VAS surgeons score was 2.80±0.61, 2.27±0.58, 4.07±0.45, showing significant difference between three groups ( F=84.085, P<0.001). The differences between the SBB group and the DES group, the DES group and the CSD group, and the SBB group and the CSD group were statistically significant ( t=3.740, 12.624, 8.883, P <0.001). Conclusions:Compared with subbrow blepharoplasty and double eyelid surgery, the combination of subbrow blepharoplasty and double eyelid surgery is an effective way to excise upper eyelid skin and reduce wrinkles, which has the best results in promoting upper eyelid rejuvenation. It should be considered as optimal method for correction of moderate and severe upper eyelid skin laxity.

Objective:To compare and analyze the clinical appplication and therapeutic effect of applying three methods for correction of moderate and severe upper eyelid skin laxity.Methods:From January 2017 to March 2019, retrospective analysis was performed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of applying three methods by Department of Plastic Surgery at Xijing Hospital of Air Force Medical University to correct moderate and severe upper eyelid skin laxity, such as subbrow blepharoplasty(SBB), double eyelid surgery(DES) and combination of subbrow blepharoplasty and double eyelid surgery(CSD). Patients were divided into the SBB group, DES group, and CSD group according to the different surgical methods, inclusion and exclusion criteria. The 6 month postoperative improvement of upper eyelid skin laxity, including marginal reflex distance 1(MRD1), medial corneal margin-fold distance (MCMFD), middle pupil margin-fold distance (MPMFD), lateral canthus margin-fold distance (LCMFD), the improvement of upper eyelid wrinkles and patient and surgeon visual analog scores (VAS) were compared. Measurement data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation, comparison between groups was performed by ANOVA, pairwise comparison between groups was performed by LSD- t test, P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results:Ninety female patients were included in this study. Thirty patients in each group, patients were between 35 and 62 years old. There was no significant difference in gender, age, and degree of upper eyelid skin laxity among the three groups ( P>0.05). All patients were followed up for 6 to 24 months. Upper eyelid skin laxity and upper eyelid wrinkles were obviously improved in all cases after operation. With the exception of 2 cases of vomiting and 1 case of scalp numbness of CSD group. The improvement of MRD1 in SBB group, DES group and CSD group was (0.14±0.09) mm, (0.34±0.11) mm, (0.43±0.15) mm, showing significant difference between three groups ( F=34.537, P <0.001). The differences between the SBB group and the DES group, the DES group and the CSD group, and the SBB group and the CSD group were statistically significant ( t=6.418, 2.824, 9.236, P <0.001, 0.008, <0.001). The improvement of MCMFD in SBB group, DES group and CSD group was (0.32±0.15) mm, (0.92±0.21) mm, (0.97±0.24) mm, showing significant difference between three groups ( F=94.082, P <0.001). The differences between the SBB group and the DES group, the SBB group and the CSD group were statistically significant ( t=11.273, 12.404, P <0.001), and there was no significant difference between the DES group and the CSD group ( t=1.132, P=0.261). The improvement of MPMFD in SBB group, DES group and CSD group was (0.34±0.13) mm, (1.07±0.24) mm, (1.37±0.23) mm, showing significant difference between three groups ( F=193.935, P<0.001). The differences between the SBB group and the DES group, the DES group and the CSD group, and the SBB group and the CSD group were statistically significant ( t=13.531, 5.628, 19.159, P <0.001). The improvement of LCMFD in SBB group, DES group and CSD group was (0.54±0.17) mm, (1.58±0.37) mm, (1.97±0.48) mm, showing significant difference between three groups ( F=121.405, P <0.001). The differences between the SBB group and the DES group, the DES group and the CSD group, and the SBB group and the CSD group were statistically significant ( t=10.971, 4.097, 15.068, P <0.001). The improvement of upper eyelid wrinkles in SBB group, DES group and CSD group was 0.70±0.47, 0.50±0.51, 1.20±0.48, showing significant difference between three groups ( F=16.471, P <0.001). There was no significant difference between the SBB group and the DES group ( t=1.592, P=0.115), while the differences between the DES group and the CSD group, and the SBB group and the CSD group were statistically significant ( t=5.571, 3.979, P <0.001). The VAS patients score in SBB group, DES group and CSD group was 2.77±0.57, 2.17±0.38, 3.90±0.31, showing significant difference between three groups ( F=124.575, P<0.001). The differences between the SBB group and the DES group, the DES group and the CSD group, and the SBB group and the CSD group were statistically significant ( t=5.379, 15.541, 10.161, P <0.001). The VAS surgeons score was 2.80±0.61, 2.27±0.58, 4.07±0.45, showing significant difference between three groups ( F=84.085, P<0.001). The differences between the SBB group and the DES group, the DES group and the CSD group, and the SBB group and the CSD group were statistically significant ( t=3.740, 12.624, 8.883, P <0.001). Conclusions:Compared with subbrow blepharoplasty and double eyelid surgery, the combination of subbrow blepharoplasty and double eyelid surgery is an effective way to excise upper eyelid skin and reduce wrinkles, which has the best results in promoting upper eyelid rejuvenation. It should be considered as optimal method for correction of moderate and severe upper eyelid skin laxity.

Antineoplastic Agents ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl ; Hematologic Neoplasms ; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive ; Mutation ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors

BACKGROUND:During the percutaneous vertebroplasty, the optimal dose of bone cement that can bring favorable cement dispersion and remodel the biomechanical balance of the fractured vertebrae remains controversial. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the dispersion degree of small dose of bone cement in vertebroplasty. METHODS: In this experiment, 18 sheep selected with the same condition were randomly divided into three groups (group A, group B, group C), 6 in each group. A model of thoracolumbar vertebral compression fracture (T12, L1, L2) was made in each sheep. The injected volume of bone cement in groups A, B, C was 15％, 20％, 25％ of the average volume of adjacent vertebral bodies, respectively. Postoperative CT images were used to evaluate the bone cement dispersion. Dispersion degree of bone cement among the three groups was compared by the Kruskal-Wallis test. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:There was no statistical difference in the dispersion degree of bone cement among the three groups, and the excellent and good rate of dispersion was over 80％. To conclude, the optimal dose of bone cement injected into the fractured vertebra is 15％ of the average volume of adjacent vertebral bodies, which can achieve good dispersion degree and restore the biomechanical stability of the vertebral body.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the protection of silymarin against the human mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) apoptosis induced by serum deprivation and its underlying mechanism.

METHODSHuman umbilical cord MSCs were cultured in the absence of serum, and the silymain of different concentration (1-10 µg/ml) was added into the medium. MTT test was performed to observe the cell proliferation status. After being cultured for 72 hours, the cells were collected, and flow cytometry with Annexin-V-PI double-staining was used to detect the apoptotic cells from the control and silymarin-treated groups. Furthermore, the intracellular contents of BAX and BCL-2 were detected by Western blot for exploring the potential mechanism.

RESULTSThe silymarin promoted the proliferation of human UC-MSCs in a dose-dependent manner, reaching its maximal at a dose of 5 µg/ml. Moreover, silymarin could inhibit the serum deprivation-induced apoptosis of MSCs and, the inhibitory rate reached up to 30% when it was added at a concentration of 5 µg/ml. The content of intracellular BAX was obviously elevated after serum-deprivation treatment, and this increase could be blunted by the addition of silymarin. Meanwhile, the content of BCL-2 was not obviously changed.

CONCLUSIONThe silymarin can stimulate MSC growth and inhibit the apoptosis of MSCs probably by the mitochondria pathway.

Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Proliferation ; Culture Media, Serum-Free ; Humans ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; drug effects ; Mitochondria ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; Silymarin ; pharmacology ; Umbilical Cord ; cytology ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinico-pathologic features, treatment and prognosis of Castleman disease.

METHODSThe clinico-pathologic data of 16 patients diagnosed as Castleman disease from January 2002 to December 2014 were analyzed retrospectively.

RESULTSThe median age was 28.5 (7-73)years old. There were 14 unicentric cases, 92.8% (13/14) of which was diagnosed as hyaline-vascular type. Two multicentric cases was diagnosed as plasmatcyic type. All the patients were treated by surgical resection and their median follow-up was 55.5 (2-150)months. As a result, 13 unicentric cases achieved sustained remission, 1 unicentric case with plasmatocytic type relapsed at 60th month after surgical resection.

CONCLUSIONClinical subtype and histopathogenic type are the dominating progonostic factors in Castleman patients. The clinical presentation of unicentric disease has been found to be benigns and the surgical resection can be used as first-line treatment method in clinic. The clinical presentation of multicentric disease may be stable or advanced, and the prognosis of advanced cases is poor as there are no effective treatments.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Castleman Disease ; Child ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

The objective of this study was to explore the effects of microRNA-17-92 on the biological characteristics of K562 cells. The expression of miR-17-92 in K562 cells transfected with miRNA-17-92 mimic was detected by real time PCR. The effect of microRNA-17-92 on K562 cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8 method. Apoptosis of K562 cells was detected by Annexin V-PI labeling. Cell cycle distribution was determined by using flow cytometry. Western blot was performed to determine the protein levels of Crk. The results indicated that the transfection with miR-17-92 mimic increased expression of mature miR-17-92 in K562 cells. Compared with control group, cell proliferation and cell amount in S-phase of miR-17-92 mimic transfected group significantly increased, cell apoptosis decreased. The expression of signal connector protein Crk was greatly up-regulated in miR-17-92-mimic-transfected K562 cells. It is concluded that miR-17-92 can promote proliferation, inhibit apoptosis and regulate the cell cycle of K562 cells.
Apoptosis ; Cell Cycle ; Cell Proliferation ; Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic ; HL-60 Cells ; Humans ; K562 Cells ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive ; genetics ; metabolism ; MicroRNAs ; genetics ; Transfection