BACKGROUND:Currently,treatment method for knee osteoarthritis includes oral medicine,joint cavity drug injection,and physiotherapy,but the curative effect is limited.Existing studies have confirmed that silicon-based bioceramics can promote cartilage and subchondral bone repair and vascular regeneration.OBJECTIVE:To explore the effect of different concentrations of silicon-based bioceramics injected into the knee joint cavity in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis in rats.METHODS:Silicon-based bioceramics-calcium silicate was prepared.Twenty-five SD rats were randomly divided into five groups,with five rats in each group.The healthy group did not receive any intervention,and the modeling group,low-dose calcium silicate group,high-dose calcium silicate group,and saline group used anterior cruciate ligament transection to establish bilateral knee osteoarthritis models.Four weeks after modeling,0.05 mL of 50 and 100 mg/mL calcium silicate solution were injected into the knee joint cavity in the low-dose calcium silicate group and high-dose calcium silicate group,respectively,and 0.05 mL of saline was injected into the knee joint cavity in the saline group,once a week for 4 consecutive weeks.In the fifth week of administration,bilateral knee joint Micro-CT detection,knee joint cartilage hematoxylin-eosin staining,and modified Mankin score were performed.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Micro-CT quantitative analysis showed that compared with the healthy group,the volume fraction and number of trabeculae of the medial tibial plateau in the modeling group decreased(P＜0.05),and the separation of trabeculae increased(P＜0.05).Compared with the modeling group,the volume fraction and number of trabeculae of the medial tibial plateau in the low-dose calcium silicate group and the saline group increased(P＜0.05),and the separation of trabeculae decreased(P＜0.05).(2)Hematoxylin-eosin staining showed that the cartilage surface of the healthy group and the low-dose calcium silicate group was relatively smooth and flat,the chondrocytes were evenly distributed,without clustered chondrocytes,the tide line was complete,and the staining was uniform;the cartilage surface of the high-dose calcium silicate group was slightly uneven,the middle and deep cells were disordered,with a small number of clustered chondrocytes,the tide line was discontinuous,and the staining was uneven;the cartilage surface of the saline group and the modeling group was obviously rough,the cells were disordered,with a large number of clustered chondrocytes,the tide line disappeared,and the staining was uneven.The modified Mankin score of the healthy group was lower than that of the high-dose calcium silicate group,the saline group,and the modeling group(P＜0.05).The modified Mankin score of the high-dose calcium silicate group and the low-dose calcium silicate group was lower than that of the saline group and the modeling group(P＜0.05).(3)The results show that calcium silicate knee joint injection has a certain effect in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis.Compared with 100 mg/mL calcium silicate solution,50 mg/mL calcium silicate solution can promote the recovery of subchondral bone and cartilage.

BACKGROUND:Currently,treatment method for knee osteoarthritis includes oral medicine,joint cavity drug injection,and physiotherapy,but the curative effect is limited.Existing studies have confirmed that silicon-based bioceramics can promote cartilage and subchondral bone repair and vascular regeneration.OBJECTIVE:To explore the effect of different concentrations of silicon-based bioceramics injected into the knee joint cavity in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis in rats.METHODS:Silicon-based bioceramics-calcium silicate was prepared.Twenty-five SD rats were randomly divided into five groups,with five rats in each group.The healthy group did not receive any intervention,and the modeling group,low-dose calcium silicate group,high-dose calcium silicate group,and saline group used anterior cruciate ligament transection to establish bilateral knee osteoarthritis models.Four weeks after modeling,0.05 mL of 50 and 100 mg/mL calcium silicate solution were injected into the knee joint cavity in the low-dose calcium silicate group and high-dose calcium silicate group,respectively,and 0.05 mL of saline was injected into the knee joint cavity in the saline group,once a week for 4 consecutive weeks.In the fifth week of administration,bilateral knee joint Micro-CT detection,knee joint cartilage hematoxylin-eosin staining,and modified Mankin score were performed.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Micro-CT quantitative analysis showed that compared with the healthy group,the volume fraction and number of trabeculae of the medial tibial plateau in the modeling group decreased(P＜0.05),and the separation of trabeculae increased(P＜0.05).Compared with the modeling group,the volume fraction and number of trabeculae of the medial tibial plateau in the low-dose calcium silicate group and the saline group increased(P＜0.05),and the separation of trabeculae decreased(P＜0.05).(2)Hematoxylin-eosin staining showed that the cartilage surface of the healthy group and the low-dose calcium silicate group was relatively smooth and flat,the chondrocytes were evenly distributed,without clustered chondrocytes,the tide line was complete,and the staining was uniform;the cartilage surface of the high-dose calcium silicate group was slightly uneven,the middle and deep cells were disordered,with a small number of clustered chondrocytes,the tide line was discontinuous,and the staining was uneven;the cartilage surface of the saline group and the modeling group was obviously rough,the cells were disordered,with a large number of clustered chondrocytes,the tide line disappeared,and the staining was uneven.The modified Mankin score of the healthy group was lower than that of the high-dose calcium silicate group,the saline group,and the modeling group(P＜0.05).The modified Mankin score of the high-dose calcium silicate group and the low-dose calcium silicate group was lower than that of the saline group and the modeling group(P＜0.05).(3)The results show that calcium silicate knee joint injection has a certain effect in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis.Compared with 100 mg/mL calcium silicate solution,50 mg/mL calcium silicate solution can promote the recovery of subchondral bone and cartilage.

AIM To study the chemical constituents from Inula japonica Thunb.and their anti-asthmatic activity.METHODS Separation and purification were performed using silica gel and Sephadex LH-20,then the structures of obtained compounds were identified by physicochemical properties and spectral data.The effect of compounds on the release rate of β-Hex was evaluated by substrate coloration method.RESULTS Twenty-three compounds were isolated and identified as dehydrodontic acid(1),vitexin(2),alternariol(3),globuxanthone(4),1,3,6,7-tetrahydroxyxanthone(5),hydroxyhydrolapachol(6),isoscopoletin(7),elephanmollen(8),benzoylcholine(9),hoconobiflavone(10),clovandiol(11),hydroxydihydrobovolide(12),5,7-dihydroxycoumarin(13),scopoletin(14),orlichenol glucoside(15),urolignoside(16),9-angeloyloxythymol(17),6,3′,4′-trihydroxyaurone(18),flufuran(19),sweroside(20),guajadial(21),5,7,4′-trimethoxy-4-phenylcoumarin(22),dibutylphthalate(23).After intervention with compounds 9 and 16,the release rates of β-Hex were(56.64±2.37)％and(58.07±2.29)％,respectively.CONCLUSION Compounds 1-23 are isolated from Ⅰ.japonica for the first time.Compounds 9 and 16 have anti-asthmatic activity.

A 58-year-old female patient presented with red papules, plaques, and scabs on her right foot accompanied by pain and itching for 14 years. Dermatological examination revealed extensive red plaques on her right foot and ankle, with scattered red papules in between; some of the plaques were covered with a moderate amount of yellow-brown crusts, and a small amount of yellow exudate was observed at the junction of the toes and the dorsum of the foot. Histopathological examination of the skin lesions showed hyperkeratosis, parakeratosis, pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia, neutrophil aggregation in the epidermis, and mixed inflammatory cell infiltration in the dermis. Three different types of colonies were cultured from the skin lesion tissues: light brown granular colonies, black granular colonies, and white-brown filamentous colonies. Under the microscope, the filamentous colonies appeared as long chains of brown conidia with short cylindrical beaks, while the black and light brown granular colonies appeared as clusters of spores, with single or multiple septa inside, and some budding spores were observed. Electron microscopy further confirmed the above structures. Molecular biological analysis revealed that the three types of colonies were all identified as Alternaria alternata. The patient was diagnosed with cutaneous alternariosis caused by Alternaria alternata with special morphology. After 7 months of treatment with oral itraconazole, the skin lesions healed, and no recurrence was observed during a 3-year follow-up.

Objective To report the diagnosis of a canine distemper virus outbreak among a colony of cynomolgus monkeys at an experimental monkey farm in 2019. MethodsA total of 46 samples were collected from 21 diseased cynomolgus monkeys (exhibiting symptoms such as facial rash, skin scurf, runny nose, and diarrhea) and from one deceased monkey at an experimental monkey breeding farm in South China in late 2019, including serum, skin rash swabs, and anticoagulated whole blood, liver, lung, and skin tissues were submitted for testing. All submitted samples were tested for canine distemper virus gene fragments using real-time quantitative PCR, while immunohistochemical staining was performed to detect canine distemper virus nucleoprotein in lung tissues. The skin tissue of the deceased monkey was ground and sieved. The filtrate was inoculated into a monolayer MDCK cell line for virus isolation. Then, whole-genome sequencing was performed to identify the isolated virus. The Clustal Omega tool was used to align and analyze the homology of different Asian canine distemper virus isolates. A phylogenetic tree was constructed, followed by genetic evolutionary analysis. ResultsClinical retrospective analysis revealed that the diseased cynomolgus monkeys exhibited symptoms similar to those observed in cynomolgus monkeys infected with measles virus. Necropsy findings showed red lesions in the lungs and significant hemorrhage in the colonic mucosa. Real-time quantitative PCR detected canine distemper virus nucleic acid in the serum, skin rash swabs of the infected monkeys, and various tissue samples of the deceased monkey, all of which tested positive. Calculation based on the standard curve formula indicated the viral load was highest in the skin tissue. Immunohistochemical staining of the deceased monkey's lung tissue demonstrated aggregation of CDV nucleoprotein in alveolar epithelial cells, bronchi, and bronchioles. A CDV strain was isolated from the skin tissue of the deceased monkey. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that this strain shares the closest relationship (98.86%) with the Asian-1 type canine distemper virus strain CDV/dog/HCM/33/140816, previously identified in dogs in Vietnam. ConclusionBased on comprehensive analysis of clinical symptoms, nucleic acid detection, viral protein immunohistochemistry, and whole-genome sequencing results, the diagnosis confirms that the cynomolgus monkeys in this facility are infected with canine distemper virus. It is recommended to include canine distemper virus as a routine surveillance target in captive monkey populations. Additionally, this study provides a foundation for further research on the molecular biological characteristics of canine distemper virus.

Objective To report the diagnosis of a canine distemper virus outbreak among a colony of cynomolgus monkeys at an experimental monkey farm in 2019. MethodsA total of 46 samples were collected from 21 diseased cynomolgus monkeys (exhibiting symptoms such as facial rash, skin scurf, runny nose, and diarrhea) and from one deceased monkey at an experimental monkey breeding farm in South China in late 2019, including serum, skin rash swabs, and anticoagulated whole blood, liver, lung, and skin tissues were submitted for testing. All submitted samples were tested for canine distemper virus gene fragments using real-time quantitative PCR, while immunohistochemical staining was performed to detect canine distemper virus nucleoprotein in lung tissues. The skin tissue of the deceased monkey was ground and sieved. The filtrate was inoculated into a monolayer MDCK cell line for virus isolation. Then, whole-genome sequencing was performed to identify the isolated virus. The Clustal Omega tool was used to align and analyze the homology of different Asian canine distemper virus isolates. A phylogenetic tree was constructed, followed by genetic evolutionary analysis. ResultsClinical retrospective analysis revealed that the diseased cynomolgus monkeys exhibited symptoms similar to those observed in cynomolgus monkeys infected with measles virus. Necropsy findings showed red lesions in the lungs and significant hemorrhage in the colonic mucosa. Real-time quantitative PCR detected canine distemper virus nucleic acid in the serum, skin rash swabs of the infected monkeys, and various tissue samples of the deceased monkey, all of which tested positive. Calculation based on the standard curve formula indicated the viral load was highest in the skin tissue. Immunohistochemical staining of the deceased monkey's lung tissue demonstrated aggregation of CDV nucleoprotein in alveolar epithelial cells, bronchi, and bronchioles. A CDV strain was isolated from the skin tissue of the deceased monkey. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that this strain shares the closest relationship (98.86%) with the Asian-1 type canine distemper virus strain CDV/dog/HCM/33/140816, previously identified in dogs in Vietnam. ConclusionBased on comprehensive analysis of clinical symptoms, nucleic acid detection, viral protein immunohistochemistry, and whole-genome sequencing results, the diagnosis confirms that the cynomolgus monkeys in this facility are infected with canine distemper virus. It is recommended to include canine distemper virus as a routine surveillance target in captive monkey populations. Additionally, this study provides a foundation for further research on the molecular biological characteristics of canine distemper virus.

To investigate body composition and associated factors in adolescents undergoing long-term regular sports training.

Objective To analyze the relationship between the visceral adiposity index(VAI)and nocturia in the US adult population.Methods A cross-sectional study was performed.Data from subjects aged≥20 years in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(NHANES)database from 2007 to 2020 were collected,including waist circumference,triglyceride,body mass index(BMI),high-density lipoprotein,age,gender,race,poverty income ratio,education level,marital status,smoking,alcohol consumption,sleep disorders,depression,occupation,hypertension,diabetes,congestive heart failure,cancer,and nocturnal urination frequency.Weighted analysis,multivariate logistic regression,generalized additive model(GAM),and curve fitting were employed to evaluate the association between VAI and nocturia,adjusting for age,gender,race,poverty income ratio,education level,marital status,smoking,alcohol consumption,sleep disorders,depression,occupation,hypertension,diabetes,congestive heart failure,and cancer.Subgroup analyses were conducted based on age,gender,race,hypertension and diabetes to further evaluate the relationship between VAI and the risk of nocturia.Results A total of 29,196 American adults were included.All subjects were divided into 4 groups based on VAI quartiles:Q1 group(0.32≤VAI<1.01),Q2 group(1.01≤VAI<1.70),Q3 group(1.70≤VAI<2.95),and Q4 group(2.95≤VAI<13.59),with nocturia prevalence rates of 28.5%,31.4%,33.3%,and 34.9%,respectively.In subgroup analyses,the risk of nocturia significantly increased with higher VAI in the 20-40 age group,females and other Hispanics(OR=1.04,95%CI 1.01-1.08,P=0.006;OR=1.02,95%CI 1.00-1.04,P=0.035;OR=1.05,95%CI 1.01-1.09,P=0.026).GAM analysis results showed a nonlinear relationship between VAI and nocturia.Conclusion VAI is positively associated with the risk of nocturia,and may be an effective indicator for predicting the risk of nocturia occurrence.

Objective To explore the molecular mechanism by which SOS Ras/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1-intronic transcript 1(SOS1-IT1)affects enhancer of zeste homolog 2(EZH2)protein expression in endometrial cancer cells Ishikawa and RL95-2.Methods Lentiviral transfection of short hairpin RNA(shRNA)and overexpression plasmid were used in Ishikawa and RL95-2 cell lines to knock down and overexpress SOS1-IT1.The mechanism of EZH2 expression regulation was studied using Real-time PCR,Western blotting,and chromatin immunoprecipitation.Results The expression of SOS1-IT1 and EZH2 genes was positively correlated in endometrial cancer tissues.Knocking down SOS1-IT1 significantly reduces the expression of EZH2,inhibited the proliferation and migration of Ishikawa and RL95-2 cells,and could reduced the acetylation of histone H3 at position 27(H3K27)and the enrichment of CREB binding protein(CBP)in the EZH2 gene promoter region.Overexpression of SOS1-IT1 could increased the expression of EZH2 and enhance the acetylation of H3K27 and the enrichment of CBP.CBP could bind to SOS1-IT1 RNA,and this binding ability was weakened when CBP was knocked down.Conclusion SOS1-IT1 can promote the expression level of EZH2 in endometrial cancer cells Ishikawa and RL95-2 by regulating the acetylation modification level of the EZH2 gene promoter region,thereby affecting the proliferation and migration ability of endometrial cancer cells.

With the rapid development of generative artificial intelligence(GAI)technologies,their widespread application in academic research and writing is continuously expanding the boundaries of sci-entific inquiry.However,this trend has also raised a series of ethical and regulatory challenges,inclu-ding issues related to authorship,content authenticity,citation accuracy,and accountability.In light of the growing involvement of AI in generating academic content,establishing an open,controllable,and trustworthy ethical governance framework has become a key task for safeguarding research integrity and maintaining trust within the academic community.This expert consensus outlines ethical requirements across key stages of AI-assisted academic writing-including topic selection,data management,citation practices,and authorship attribution.It aims to clarify the boundaries and ethical obligations surrounding AI use in academic writing,ensuring that technological tools enhance efficiency without compromising in-tegrity.The goal is to provide guidance and institutional support for building a responsible and sustainable research ecosystem.