Androgenetic alopecia is a distinctive condition associated with genetic factors and effect of androgens, usually adversely affects the appearance and mental health of patients. This review summarizes research progress in the pathogenesis, diagnosis, evaluation and clinical treatment of androgenetic alopecia in 2020.

Dermatomyofibroma is a benign and rare proliferation of myofibroblasts and fibroblasts of the skin.Dermatomyofibroma commonly locates at the shoulder and neck of young adults and adolescents.Other frequently affected anatomic sites are upper arms,thigh,chest wall,back,axillary region and abdomen.Herein,we reported a case of dermatomyofibroma occurred in the nasion.The asymptomatic firm nodule and histopathological features were consistent with dermatomyofibroma.Immunohistochemically,the tumor cells expressed vimentin,HHF35 and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA).The patient was followed up for 2 years after excision of the tumors and recurrences were not observed.

Objective To prepare and characterize docetaxel incorporated phosphatidylcholine -sodium desoxycholate mixed micelles (DOX EPC/SDC MMs).Methods Docetaxel mixed micelles (DOX MMs) were prepared using the co-precipitation method .An optimized formulation was obtained by single factor method , which was used to study the effect of several factors on water solubility of DOX in MMs, including EPC/total(EPC+SDC)concentration, total(EPC+SDC) concentration, the pH and ionic strength of the hydrated solution .Then, the obtained DOX MMs were characterized by investigating particle size distribution and morphology , and by conducting dilute experiments to examin micelle stability . Results The EPC/total ( EPC+SDC) concentration ratio was 0.4.The total supplementary material concentration was 2.5%.Pure water was used to disperse the film .The drug loaded MMs had an average size of 18.56 nm and average zeta potential of -24.3 mV.A roundlike shape was observed under a transmission electron microscope ( TEM).Conclusion DOX EPC/SDC MMs, prepared by a simple and convenient method , can enhance water solubility , is physically compatible with injection solutions and is expected to become a new drug delivery system .

Objective To characterize the internal structures of fluconazole-loaded cubic phase gels and establish a method for determination of fluconazole.Methods Glycerol monooleate( GMO) was used as the liquid crystal material to prepare the fluconazole loaded cubic phase gels.Polarizing light microscopy ( PLM ) and small-angle X-ray scattering ( SAXS) were used to confirm their internal structures and establish an HPLC method for determination of their content. Results Cubic phase gels were the dark field under PLM,SAXS showed that the blank cubic phase gels had two single peaks:q1(0.832 09 nm-1 ) and q2 (1.017 nm-1 ) while the fluconazole-loaded cubic phase gels had two single peaks:q1(0.818 88 nm-1)and q2(0.950 95 nm-1).Under the selected HPLC, the linearity within the range of 20-500 μg/ml was good.Conclusion PLM and SAXS are reliable for characterization of cubic phase gels.The HPLC method can be used in quality control and evaluation of this enema.

Objective To investigate the role of serum osteopontin in the occurrence of pemphigus vulgaris (PV).Methods Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was conducted to determine serum levels of osteopontin in 31 patients with PV and 35 healthy human controls.Statistical analysis was carried out by t test and Spearman rank correlation analysis with the SPSS 17.0 software and Excel.Results Serum levels of osteopontin were significandy higher in patients with PV than in healthy controls (P ＜ 0.01),in patients with mucocutaneous involvement than in those with only cutaneous involvement (P ＜ 0.05),and in patients with complicated infections than in those without (P ＜ 0.01).There was a positive correlation between serum levels of osteopontin and anti-Dsg3 antibody in patients with PV (rs =0.489,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions Serum levels of osteopontin are increased in patients with PV,especially in those with mucocutaneous involvement,and positively correlated with PV-related antibody titers.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the location and characteristics of microdeletions of Y chromosome azoospermia factor (AZF) genes in infertile males with azoospermia and severe oligozoospermia in southern Sichuan.

METHODSMultiplex PCR was used to detect 18 sequence tagged sites (STS) involved in Y chromosome AZF microdeletions among 224 infertile males (including 134 azoospermia cases and 90 severe oligozoospermia cases) and 70 healthy males.

RESULTSAmong the 224 infertile males, the overall frequency of microdeletions was 12.1% (27/224), and were 13.4% (18/134) in those with azoospermia and 10.0% (9/90) in those with severe oligozoospermia. The most frequent microdeletions have occurred in the AZFc region (51.9%). Compared with the 6 STS loci recommended by European Academy of Andrology and European Molecular Genetics Quality Network, 22.7% more deletions were detected based on the 18 STS loci selected from the AZF region.

CONCLUSIONIdentification of Y chromosome microdeletions has a significant implication on the diagnosis of male infertility. The most frequent microdeletions have occurred in the AZFc region in southern Sichuan. To use more sequence tagged sites for the screening can improve the reliability and detection rate of Y chromosome microdeletions.

Adult ; Azoospermia ; genetics ; Chromosome Deletion ; Chromosomes, Human, Y ; Female ; Humans ; Infertility, Male ; genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged

Objective To justify the clinical use of traditional Chinese materia medica (TCMM) in the treatment of influenza.Methods The literature on treatment of influenza published before December 31, 2013 was searched in MEDLINE, EMBASE, CBMdisk, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Wanfang Database.Results A total of 7 randomized controlled trials were identified and reviewed. Based on the meta-analysis, Yinqiao Powder prescription had similar effect to oseltamivir in defervescence [WMD=5.66, 95%CI (-32.02, 43.35), P=0.77] and viral shed-ding [WMD=-6.21, 95%CI (-84.19, 71.76), P=0.88], and Lianhuaqingwen also had similar effect in viral shed-ding [WMD=-0.24, 95%CI (-4.79, 4.31), P=0.92] but was more effective in defervescence [WMD=-4.65, 95%CI (-8.91, -0.38), P=0.03].Conclusion TCMM has a potential positive effect in the treatment of influenza.

Objective To develop and optimize a new method to extract miRNAs from plasma.Methods miRNAs were extracted from plasma by mixing it with the extraction solution that contained surfactant and by heating .Then the ribonuclease inhibitor was added into the extraction to prevent RNAs from degradation .The expression level of each miRNA was detected by real-time quantitative PCR in oder to evaluate the feasibility of this method .Results A method which extracted miRNAs from plamsa in just one step was established .The specificity , reproducibility and stability of this method have been demonstrated by real-time quantitative PCR .Conclusion The one-step method is simple , inexpensive , and plasma-saving.It seems like a new method for clinical examination of miRNAs from plasma .

Objective To investigate the influence of processed total motile sperm (PTMS) count of husband on clinical pregnan-cy rate of intrauterine insemination(IUI) .Methods We retrospectively analyzed a total of 229 cycles of IUI among 131 patients in our hospital during the past three years .The cycles were divided into 5 groups according to the PTMS count :group A(<5 × 106 ) , group B(5 × 106 - <10 × 106 ) ,group C(10 × 106 - <20 × 106 ) ,group D(20 × 106 - <30 × 106 ) ,group E(≥30 × 106 ) .The clinical pregnancy rates among different groups were compared .Results The clinical pregnancy rates among 131 patients of IUI was 26 .72% .The clinical pregnancy rates among 229 cycles of IUI was 15 .28% .The clinical pregnancy rate of group A was 23 .08% , the clinical pregnancy rate of group B was 15% ,the clinical pregnancy rate of group C was 18 .18% ,the clinical pregnancy rate of group D was 13 .46% ,the clinical pregnancy rate of group E was 13 .48% .There was no significant difference(P>0 .05) among five groups .Conclusion Ideal clinical pregnancy can be achieved when the PTMS count is between 3 × 106 and 5 × 106 .

Objective: To determine the rate of lymph node metastases in women with endometrial carci-noma and to compare the pattern of lymphatic spread of endometrial carcinoma with that of cervical carcino-ma. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the lymphatic spread in 104 patients with endometrial carcinoma and 253 patients with cervical carcinoma. All of the patients underwent a complete pelvic and para-aortic lymphadenectomy from caudal to the median circumflex to the level of renal vessels. Results: The incidence of lymphatic metastases in the endometrial carcinoma group was higher than that in the cervical carcinoma group (22.1% vs 16.2 %). The pathologic grade (G_1: 12.1%; G_2: 21.4%; G_3: 34.5%) and depth of myometrial in-vasion (≤1/2: 11.9%; >1/2: 29%) were correlated with lymph node metastasis. The rates of para-aortic node involvement, pelvic lymph node involvement and involvement of both were 4.3%, 34.8% and 60.9% in the en-dometrial carcinoma group and 0%, 68.3% and 31.7% in the cervical carcinoma group. The rates of obturator node involvement were 73.9% and 70.7%, respectively; the rates of suprainguinal node involvement were 8.7% and 7.3%, respectively. Compared with cervical carcinoma, endometrial carcinoma showed higher rate of para-aortic and sacral node involvement (65.2% vs 31.7%, and 21.7% vs 17.1%) and lower rate of extamal iliac node involvement (17.4% vs 41.5%). Conclusion: Compared with cervical carcinoma, endometrial carcino-ma has a distinct lymphatic spread pattern and can directly metastasize to both pelvic lymph nodes and pa-ra-aortic lymph nodes with pelvic lymph node metastases being dominant. Positive lymph nodes are common-ly seen in cases of all pathological grades.