Objective:To investigate the clinical effect of microplasma radiofrequency combined with oral traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) Babao Dan capsule to improve damp-heat TCM constitution in the treatment of hypertrophic scar.Methods:A prospective randomized controlled trial method was used to recruit patients diagnosed with damp-heat TCM constitution and suffering from hypertrophic scar who admitted to the Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital from March to July 2024. All patients were randomly divided into microplasma radiofrequency combined with TCM treatment group (combination group), microplasma radiofrequency (RF) treatment group (RF group), and oral TCM treatment group (TCM group). Both the combination group and the RF group were treated with a microplasma radiofrequency instrument. Transverse, longitudinal and oblique scar grinding were performed three times with 90 W power, and regular scabs appeared in the treatment area as the treatment end point. After RF treatment in the combination group and the TCM group, Babao Dan capsule was taken with regular warm water, 0.6 g each time, 3 times/day, for 3 months. The Vancouver scar scale (VSS) score (higher score indicating more severe scar), visual analogue scale (VAS) of scar pain and itch (higher score indicating more severe symptom), and TCM constitution score (higher score indicating more severe moist heat constitution) were compared before treatment and 3 months after the first treatment. SPSS 26.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Measurement data conforming to normal distribution were expressed as Mean±SD, ANOVA was used for comparison among groups, and LSD- t method was used for pair comparison between groups. Paired sample t test was used before and after treatment in the same group. Counting data were expressed as cases (%), and the χ2 test was used for inter-group comparison. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results:A total of 60 patients were included, 20 in each group. There were no significant differences in gender distribution, disease course, scar area and distribution among the three groups ( P>0.05), indicating comparability. Before treatment, there were no statistically significant differences in VSS, VAS and TCM physique scores among the 3 groups ( P>0.05). After treatment, VAS scores in the 3 groups, VSS scores in combination group and RF group, TCM physique scores in combination group and TCM group were improved compared with those before treatment, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). The VSS score of the combination group was significantly lower than that of the RF group and the TCM group ( P<0.05), but there was no statistical significance between the RF group and the TCM group ( P>0.05). The pruritus VAS score of the combination group was significantly lower than that of TCM group and RF group ( P<0.05), but there was no statistical significance between RF group and TCM group ( P>0.05). There was no significant difference in pain VAS scores among the three groups after treatment ( P>0.05). The TCM physique scores of the combination group and TCM group were significantly lower than those of the RF group ( P<0.01), but there was no statistical significance between the combination group and TCM group ( P>0.05). Conclusion:Microplasma radiofrequency combined with oral Babao Dan capsule can effectively improve the VSS score, pain and pruritus of hypertrophic scars in patients with damp-heat constitution, and the effect is better than that of radiofrequency or TCM alone.

Objective:To investigate the clinical effect of microplasma radiofrequency combined with oral traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) Babao Dan capsule to improve damp-heat TCM constitution in the treatment of hypertrophic scar.Methods:A prospective randomized controlled trial method was used to recruit patients diagnosed with damp-heat TCM constitution and suffering from hypertrophic scar who admitted to the Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital from March to July 2024. All patients were randomly divided into microplasma radiofrequency combined with TCM treatment group (combination group), microplasma radiofrequency (RF) treatment group (RF group), and oral TCM treatment group (TCM group). Both the combination group and the RF group were treated with a microplasma radiofrequency instrument. Transverse, longitudinal and oblique scar grinding were performed three times with 90 W power, and regular scabs appeared in the treatment area as the treatment end point. After RF treatment in the combination group and the TCM group, Babao Dan capsule was taken with regular warm water, 0.6 g each time, 3 times/day, for 3 months. The Vancouver scar scale (VSS) score (higher score indicating more severe scar), visual analogue scale (VAS) of scar pain and itch (higher score indicating more severe symptom), and TCM constitution score (higher score indicating more severe moist heat constitution) were compared before treatment and 3 months after the first treatment. SPSS 26.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Measurement data conforming to normal distribution were expressed as Mean±SD, ANOVA was used for comparison among groups, and LSD- t method was used for pair comparison between groups. Paired sample t test was used before and after treatment in the same group. Counting data were expressed as cases (%), and the χ2 test was used for inter-group comparison. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results:A total of 60 patients were included, 20 in each group. There were no significant differences in gender distribution, disease course, scar area and distribution among the three groups ( P>0.05), indicating comparability. Before treatment, there were no statistically significant differences in VSS, VAS and TCM physique scores among the 3 groups ( P>0.05). After treatment, VAS scores in the 3 groups, VSS scores in combination group and RF group, TCM physique scores in combination group and TCM group were improved compared with those before treatment, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). The VSS score of the combination group was significantly lower than that of the RF group and the TCM group ( P<0.05), but there was no statistical significance between the RF group and the TCM group ( P>0.05). The pruritus VAS score of the combination group was significantly lower than that of TCM group and RF group ( P<0.05), but there was no statistical significance between RF group and TCM group ( P>0.05). There was no significant difference in pain VAS scores among the three groups after treatment ( P>0.05). The TCM physique scores of the combination group and TCM group were significantly lower than those of the RF group ( P<0.01), but there was no statistical significance between the combination group and TCM group ( P>0.05). Conclusion:Microplasma radiofrequency combined with oral Babao Dan capsule can effectively improve the VSS score, pain and pruritus of hypertrophic scars in patients with damp-heat constitution, and the effect is better than that of radiofrequency or TCM alone.

Translationally controlled tumor protein (TCTP) is a highly conserved multifunctional protein localized in the cytoplasm and nucleus of eukaryotic cells. It is secreted through exosomes and its degradation is associated with the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS), heat shock protein 27 (Hsp27), and chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA). Its structure contains three α‍-helices and eleven β‍-strands, and features a helical hairpin as its hallmark. TCTP shows a remarkable similarity to the methionine-R-sulfoxide reductase B (MsrB) and mammalian suppressor of Sec4 (Mss4/Dss4) protein families, which exerts guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) activity on small guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) proteins, suggesting that some functions of TCTP may at least depend on its GEF action. Indeed, TCTP exerts GEF activity on Ras homolog enriched in brain (Rheb) to boost the growth and proliferation of Drosophila cells. TCTP also enhances the expression of cell division control protein 42 homolog (Cdc42) to promote cancer cell invasion and migration. Moreover, TCTP regulates cytoskeleton organization by interacting with actin microfilament (MF) and microtubule (MT) proteins and inducing the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process. In essence, TCTP promotes cancer cell movement. It is usually highly expressed in cancerous tissues and thus reduces patient survival; meanwhile, drugs can target TCTP to reduce this effect. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms of TCTP in promoting cancer invasion and migration, and describe the current inhibitory strategy to target TCTP in cancerous diseases.
Animals ; Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism* ; Cell Movement ; Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition ; Neoplasms/pathology* ; Tumor Protein, Translationally-Controlled 1/metabolism*

Objective:To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of vascular complications induced by hyaluronic acid facial injection.Methods:Patients with vascular complication induced by facial hyaluronic acid facial injection were collected in the Fourth Medical Center of the General Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army from January 1, 2016 to October 1, 2021, including 5 males and 37 females. The age ranged from 16 to 70 (34±10) years. The clinical data, injection site, clinical symptoms and previous facial surgery history of the patients were analyzed and investigated.Results:Vascular complications occurred in 12 cases (28.6%). Nasolabial fold in 8 (19.0%) cases; Glabella in 6 (14.3%) cases; frontal part in 6 (14.3%) cases. There were 27 patients (64.3%) with a history of facial surgery. Furthermore, history of facial surgery had no effect on the clinical manifestations of vascular complications ( P>0.05). Among the 18 patients with visual impairment, 12 patients reported that the symptoms of ptosis, bulbar conjunctival congestion, and eye movement dysfunction had diminished after thrombolytic treatment, while 4 patients showed recovery to some extent in visual acuity. Likewise, 24 patients with blood circulation disorders were healed after treatment, with residual pigmentation and a slight scar left. Conclusions:Women aged 30 to 39 years old are the main target population of cosmetic surgery, as well as the most common population of vascular complications. Particular care should be taken in the nose, nasolabial fold, glabella and forehead areas of the operation. Patients with previous surgical history should be adequately informed before surgery, and postoperative observation time should be appropriately prolonged.

Objective:To explore the clinical efficacy of vascular interventional therapy in children with transplantation renal artery stenosis(TRAS).Methods:From January 2013 to September 2021, retrospective analysis was performed for clinical data of 238 TRAS children.Peak systolic velocity(PSV)of transplant renal artery, interlobular artery PSV, transplant renal artery PSV/ interlobular artery PSV(post PSV ratio)and serum creatinine level before and after vascular interventional therapy and at the last follow-up were compared.Results:Six pediatric kidney transplantation recipients were diagnosed as TRAS.The median operative age was 12(9-17)years, the median postoperative time to diagnosing TRAS 4(1.7-18.0)months and the median follow-up period 6.6(2.5-8.0)years.All of them received vascular interventional therapy of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty(PTA, n=5)and stent angioplasty( n=1). The serum creatinine pre-treatment with vascular interventional therapy was significantly higher than baseline serum creatinine level at discharge(200.8±88.5)vs(75.2±27.9)μmol/L, P=0.025 and decreased to(103.8±44.7)μmol/L at Month 1 post-treatment( P=0.196)and(98.7±30.2)μmol/L at the last follow-up( P=0.115). Comparing with internal diameter of grafted renal artery anastomosis site(2.6±0.6 mm)pre-treatment with vascular interventional therapy, significant changes occurred at 24 h post-treatment(3.8±0.5 mm)and at the last follow-up(4.1±0.8 mm)(all P=0.027). In addition, PSV and post PSV ratio of transplanted renal artery at 24 h post-treatment(163±45.0 cm/s, 6.5±2.2)and at the last follow-up(184.7±80.8 cm/s, 5.4±2.0)were significantly lower than that before vascular interventional therapy(356.5±77.9 cm/s, 18.0±5.8)and interlobular artery PSV was significantly higher than that before vascular interventional therapy( P=0.024, P=0.032, respectively). During follow-ups, no restenosis or thrombosis occurred in transplanted renal arteries. Conclusions:PTA or stent angioplasty for TRAS children is technically feasible with low restenosis rate and relatively satisfactory mid/long-term outcomes.

Objective:To evaluate the time-zero biopsy of donor kidney with acute kidney injury(AKI)in organ donation donors and examine the clinical effect after transplantation.Methods:From May 2019 to May 2020, clinical data were retrospectively reviewed for 104 donors assessed by time-zero biopsy at First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University.According to the definition of AKI and Banff2016 criteria, the kidneys of 104 donors were grouped and evaluated for transplantation.And the post-transplantation effects of donor kidneys with different degrees of pathological changes were analyzed.Results:AKI occurred in 32/104 donors.Compared with non-AKI donors, statistically significant differences existed in degrees of renal interstitial fibrosis and acute renal tubular injury ( P<0.05). However, there were no significant differences in other pathological manifestations ( P>0.05). In AKI group, kidneys of 2 donors with Banff score>3 were abandoned; in non-AKI group, among 12 donors with Banff score>3, 1 donor kidney was abandoned due to a high degree of chronic diseases.No significant inter-group difference existed in creatinine value or estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR)( P>0.05). AKI group had a higher incidence of postoperative delayed graft function(DGF)and longer duration.There was no statistical significance in other complications ( P>0.05). Conclusions:AKI donor kidneys with pathological manifestations below moderate renal tubular injury and Banff score<3 are feasible for transplantation.Although renal function recovery is slow after transplantation, safe outcomes may be obtained.

Objective:To compare the efficacy of single kidney transplantation for children from pediatric donors between body weight ≤15 kg and >15 kg.Methods:A retrospective review in 156 children with single donor kidney transplantation from August 2010 to December 2019 in the Kidney Transplantation Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University was conducted. The patients were classified into the small kidney group (pediatric donor body weight ≤15 kg) and the big kidney group (pediatric donor body weight >15 kg). In this study, 89 cases were concluded in the small kidney group and 67 cases were concluded in the big kidney group. The donor kidneys were obtained from 46 cases of small weight (≤15 kg) pediatric donors and 48 cases of large weight (>15 kg) pediatric donors. There were significant differences in age [1.00 (0.02 - 4.00) years vs. 10.00 (3.00-18.00) years], body weight [10.0 (3.4 - 15.0) kg vs. 35.0 (16.2- 35.0) kg], height [76 (50- 113) cm vs. 144 (67-172) cm], GFR [(31.50±7.46)ml/min vs. (36.79±7.00) ml/min], and renal length to diameter [(5.91±0.48) cm vs. (8.71±1.88) cm] between the small kidney group and the big kidney group ( P < 0.01). There was no significant difference between the two groups of donors in gender, cold/warm ischemia time and cause of death ( P>0.05). There were significant differences in age [(11.28±3.89) years vs. (13.86±3.56) years], body weight [(31.83±10.45)kg vs. (35.13±9.15) kg], and height [(130.02±28.56) cm vs. (143.97±16.59) cm] between recipients of the small kidney group and big kidney group ( P < 0.05). While there were no significant differences in preoperative serum creatinine level [(822.65 ± 135.04) μmol/L vs. (777.31 ± 165.40) μmol/L], HLA mismatch [(3.4 ± 1.4) site vs. (3.2±1.3) site], and primary disease between the two groups ( P > 0.05). The recovery of renal function, postoperative adverse events, postoperative children, and graft survival were compared between the two groups. Results:The renal function of the two groups of recipients returned to normal 3 months after operation. The perioperative complications in the small kidney group and the big kidney group mainly included renal delayed recovery [5.6% (5/89) vs. 7.5% (5/67), P=0.89], renal vascular embolization [3.4% (3/89) vs. 0, P=0.35], and acute rejection [2.2% (2/89) vs. 4.3% (3/67) , P=0.75]. The main cause of recipient death during the follow-up period was pulmonary infection [4.5% (4/89) vs. 6.0% (4/67) , P=0.68]. The postoperative small kidney group was followed up for an average of 30 (3-74) months. The survival rates of children in the small kidney group at the 1, 3 and 5 years after surgery were 96.6% (86/89), 91.0% (81/89) and 91.0%(81/89), while the transplanted renal survival rates were 92.1% (82/89), 86.5% (77/89) and 84.2% (75/89), respectively. The postoperative big kidney group was followed up for an average of 32 (4-89 ) months. The survival rates of children in the big kidney group were 95.5% (64/67), 94.0% (63/67) and 91.0%(61/67) in the first 1, 3 and 5 years postoperatively, while the graft survival rates were 92.5% (62/67), 83.6% (56/67) and 83.6% (56/67), respectively. The postoperative kidneys of two groups were fast-growing, and there was no significant difference between the small kidney group and the big kidney group in graft length to diameter [(9.63±0.31) cm vs. (9.75±0.71) cm] after 1 year ( P>0.05). Conclusions:The effect of single pediatric kidney transplantation for pediatric donor with body weight ≤15 kg is equivalent to that for pediatric donor with body weight >15 kg , which can be carried out clinically.

Objective:To investigate the expression of oxidative stress and related pathway factors in fibroblasts from human hypertrophic scar and normal skin tissue.Methods:Select and collect the scar tissue and normal full-thickness skin tissue of the donor area from 8 hypertrophic scar patients who were treated with surgical resection at the Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, the Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital from June 2019 to July 2020, extract and culture primary fibroblasts by weaving method, subculture them, and perform the following experiments when the cells were subcultured to the third generation: (1)Detect the proliferation ability of hypertrophic scar fibroblasts(HSF)and normal skin fibroblasts(NSF)with CCK-8 method.(2)Detect the number of reactive oxygen species in HSF and NSF by flow cytometry.(3)Colorimetric method for detecting relative activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD)in two kinds of cells.(4)Detect the NQO1 gene expression in two kinds of cells with RT-PCR.(5)Detect the Nrf2 gene expression in two kinds of cells with RT-PCR.(6)Detects Nrf2 and Bcl2 protein content in two kinds of cells with Western blotting.(7)Detect the expression and distribution of Nrf2 in cells with cellular immunohistochemical staining. The results were analyzed by SPSS 25.0 statistical software, independent sample t test was performed, and P<0.05 was considered as the difference was statistically significant. Results:(1) Compared with NSF, the number of the two kinds of cells is statistically different from the third day (The statistical results from the third day to the seventh day were as follows: t=2.631, P=0.039; t=7.025, P<0.001; t=5.031, P<0.001; t=4.241, P=0.002; t=6.525, P=0.003). (2) The reactive oxygen species content in HSF was 75.39%±3.06%, which was significantly higher than 45.36%±3.66% in the NSF group ( t=-17.804, P<0.001). (3) The relative activity of SOD of the HSF group was (50.76±0.52) U/ml, which is higher than that of the NSF group (42.76±1.35) U/ml ( t=15.674, P<0.001). (4) The relative expression of NQO1 mRNA in HSF was 0.859±0.076, which was lower than that in the NSF group at 1.595±0.181 ( t=3.763, P=0.020). (5) The relative expression of Nrf2 mRNA in HSF was 0.590±0.055, which was lower than that in the NSF group at 1.595±0.146 ( t=6.445, P=0.003). (6) The relative expression of Nrf2 protein of HSF was 0.314±0.035, which was significantly lower than 0.912±0.039 in the NSF group ( t=22.554, P<0.001). The relative expression of Bcl2 protein of HSF was 0.466±0.020, which was significantly lower than 0.734±0.066 in the NSF group ( t=7.780, P<0.001). (7) Nrf2 protein express in NSF and HSF cells, and protein expression was found in both nucleus and cytoplasm. Conclusions:HSF has a high degree of oxidative stress, which may be due to some reasons that reduce the content of Nrf2, resultsing in a decrease in the expression of various antioxidant enzymes, and ultimately leading to the accumulation of reactive oxygen species. Compared with NSF, HSF has stronger proliferation and apoptosis abilities, and reactive oxygen species can cause cell apoptosis, indicating that oxidative stress may be one of the pathogenesis of hypertrophic scars.

Objective:To investigate the expression of oxidative stress and related pathway factors in fibroblasts from human hypertrophic scar and normal skin tissue.Methods:Select and collect the scar tissue and normal full-thickness skin tissue of the donor area from 8 hypertrophic scar patients who were treated with surgical resection at the Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, the Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital from June 2019 to July 2020, extract and culture primary fibroblasts by weaving method, subculture them, and perform the following experiments when the cells were subcultured to the third generation: (1)Detect the proliferation ability of hypertrophic scar fibroblasts(HSF)and normal skin fibroblasts(NSF)with CCK-8 method.(2)Detect the number of reactive oxygen species in HSF and NSF by flow cytometry.(3)Colorimetric method for detecting relative activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD)in two kinds of cells.(4)Detect the NQO1 gene expression in two kinds of cells with RT-PCR.(5)Detect the Nrf2 gene expression in two kinds of cells with RT-PCR.(6)Detects Nrf2 and Bcl2 protein content in two kinds of cells with Western blotting.(7)Detect the expression and distribution of Nrf2 in cells with cellular immunohistochemical staining. The results were analyzed by SPSS 25.0 statistical software, independent sample t test was performed, and P<0.05 was considered as the difference was statistically significant. Results:(1) Compared with NSF, the number of the two kinds of cells is statistically different from the third day (The statistical results from the third day to the seventh day were as follows: t=2.631, P=0.039; t=7.025, P<0.001; t=5.031, P<0.001; t=4.241, P=0.002; t=6.525, P=0.003). (2) The reactive oxygen species content in HSF was 75.39%±3.06%, which was significantly higher than 45.36%±3.66% in the NSF group ( t=-17.804, P<0.001). (3) The relative activity of SOD of the HSF group was (50.76±0.52) U/ml, which is higher than that of the NSF group (42.76±1.35) U/ml ( t=15.674, P<0.001). (4) The relative expression of NQO1 mRNA in HSF was 0.859±0.076, which was lower than that in the NSF group at 1.595±0.181 ( t=3.763, P=0.020). (5) The relative expression of Nrf2 mRNA in HSF was 0.590±0.055, which was lower than that in the NSF group at 1.595±0.146 ( t=6.445, P=0.003). (6) The relative expression of Nrf2 protein of HSF was 0.314±0.035, which was significantly lower than 0.912±0.039 in the NSF group ( t=22.554, P<0.001). The relative expression of Bcl2 protein of HSF was 0.466±0.020, which was significantly lower than 0.734±0.066 in the NSF group ( t=7.780, P<0.001). (7) Nrf2 protein express in NSF and HSF cells, and protein expression was found in both nucleus and cytoplasm. Conclusions:HSF has a high degree of oxidative stress, which may be due to some reasons that reduce the content of Nrf2, resultsing in a decrease in the expression of various antioxidant enzymes, and ultimately leading to the accumulation of reactive oxygen species. Compared with NSF, HSF has stronger proliferation and apoptosis abilities, and reactive oxygen species can cause cell apoptosis, indicating that oxidative stress may be one of the pathogenesis of hypertrophic scars.

Objective:To summarize the patient profiles and therapeutic efficacies of ABO-incompatible living-related kidney transplantations at 19 domestic transplant centers and provide rationales for clinical application of ABOi-KT.Methods:Clinical cases of ABO-incompatible/compatible kidney transplantation (ABOi-KT/ABOc-KT) from December 2006 to December 2009 were collected. Then, statistical analyses were conducted from the aspects of tissue matching, perioperative managements, complications and survival rates of renal allograft or recipients.Results:Clinical data of 342 ABOi-KT and 779 ABOc-KT indicated that (1) no inter-group differences existed in age, body mass index (BMI), donor-recipient relationship or waiting time of pre-operative dialysis; (2) ABO blood type: blood type O recipients had the longest waiting list and transplantations from blood type A to blood type O accounted for the largest proportion; (3) HLA matching: no statistical significance existed in mismatch rate or positive rate of PRA I/II between two types of surgery; (4) CD20 should be properly used on the basis of different phrases; (5) hemorrhage was a common complication during an early postoperative period and microthrombosis appeared later; (6) no difference existed in postoperative incidence of complications or survival rate of renal allograft and recipients at 1/3/5/10 years between ABOi-KT and ABOc-KT. The acute rejection rate and serum creatinine levels of ABOi-KT recipients were comparable to those of ABOc-KT recipients within 1 year.Conclusions:ABOi-KT is both safe and effective so that it may be applied at all transplant centers as needed.