Objective To explore the feasibility and reference value of allogeneic lung transplantation and postoperative monitoring in miniature pigs for lung transplantation research. Methods Two miniature pigs (R1 and R2) underwent left lung allogeneic transplantation. Complement-dependent cytotoxicity tests and blood cross-matching were performed before surgery. The main operative times and partial pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO₂) after opening the pulmonary artery were recorded during surgery. Postoperatively, routine blood tests, biochemical blood indicators and inflammatory factors were detected, and pathological examinations of multiple organs were conducted. Results The complement-dependent cytotoxicity test showed that the survival rate of lymphocytes between donors and recipients was 42.5%-47.3%, and no agglutination reaction occurred in the cross-matching. The first warm ischemia times of D1 and D2 were 17 min and 10 min, respectively, and the cold ischemia times were 246 min and 216 min, respectively. Ultimately, R1 and R2 survived for 1.5 h and 104 h, respectively. Postoperatively, in R1, albumin (ALB) and globulin (GLB) decreased, and alanine aminotransferase increased; in R2, ALB, GLB and aspartate aminotransferase all increased. Urea nitrogen and serum creatinine increased in both recipients. Pathological results showed that in R1, the transplanted lung had partial consolidation with inflammatory cell infiltration, and multiple organs were congested and damaged. In R2, the transplanted lung had severe necrosis with fibrosis, and multiple organs had mild to moderate damage. The expression levels of interleukin-1β and interleukin-6 increased in the transplanted lungs. Conclusions The allogeneic lung transplantation model in miniature pigs may systematically evaluate immunological compatibility, intraoperative function and postoperative organ damage. The data obtained may provide technical references for subsequent lung transplantation research.

The circadian clock is a highly conserved timekeeping system in organisms, which maintains physiological homeostasis by precisely regulating periodic fluctuations in gene expression. Substantial clinical and experimental evidence has established a close association between circadian rhythm disruption and the development of various malignancies. Research has revealed characteristic alterations in the circadian gene expression profiles in tumor tissues, primarily manifested as a dysfunction of core clock components (particularly circadian locomotor output cycles kaput (CLOCK) and brain and muscle ARNT-like 1 (BMAL1)) and the widespread dysregulation of their downstream target genes. Notably, CLOCK demonstrates non-canonical oncogenic functions, including epigenetic regulation via histone acetyltransferase activity and the circadian-independent modulation of cancer pathways. This review systematically elaborates on the oncogenic mechanisms mediated by CLOCK/BMAL1, encompassing multidimensional effects such as cell cycle control, DNA damage response, metabolic reprogramming, and tumor microenvironment (TME) remodeling. Regarding the therapeutic strategies, we focus on cutting-edge approaches such as chrononutritional interventions, chronopharmacological modulation, and treatment regimen optimization, along with a discussion of future perspectives. The research breakthroughs highlighted in this work not only deepen our understanding of the crucial role of circadian regulation in cancer biology but also provide novel insights for the development of chronotherapeutic oncology, particularly through targeting the non-canonical functions of circadian proteins to develop innovative anti-cancer strategies.
Humans ; ARNTL Transcription Factors/physiology* ; Neoplasms/therapy* ; CLOCK Proteins/physiology* ; Circadian Clocks/genetics* ; Animals ; Circadian Rhythm/genetics* ; Tumor Microenvironment ; Epigenesis, Genetic ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic

Objective:To study the epidemic characteristics of scrub typhus in Yantai City from 2006 to 2022, and provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of scrub typhus in Yantai City.Methods:In the subsystem "Infectious Disease Monitoring System" of the "China Disease Prevention and Control Information System", data on the outbreak of scrub typhus in Yantai City from January 1, 2006 to December 31, 2022 were collected and processed using software such as SPSS 23.0 for descriptive statistics.Results:A total of 599 scrub typhus cases were reported in Yantai City from 2006 to 2022, with an average annual reported incidence of 0.51/100 000. The reported incidence showed an upward trend year by year from 2006 to 2014 (χ 2trend = 144.72, P < 0.001), and reached a peak in 2014 (1.04/100 000). There was another small peak in 2019 (0.91/100 000). The incidence of scrub typhus showed a clear seasonal unimodal distribution, with October being the peak, accounting for 72.62% (435/599). In addition to Changdao County, other 12 cities (districts) reported scrub typhus cases. The top 3 cities with average annual reported incidence were Zhaoyuan City (1.58/100 000), Laizhou City (1.47/100 000) and Laiyang City (0.75/100 000). In all reported cases, the male to female ratio was 1.00∶1.07 (289∶310). The cases were mainly concentrated in the age range of 50 to 79, accounting for 74.46% (446/599). There was a statistically significant difference in the number of patients in different age groups in different years ( H = 38.71, P = 0.001). Farmers accounted for 88.65% (531/599) of the affected population. Conclusions:The incidence of scrub typhus in Yantai City shows an increasing trend and is widely distributed. It is recommended to strengthen the diagnosis, monitoring and infection management of scrub typhus.

Objective:To understand the sleep quality and mental health status of nurses in public health emergencies, and analyze the correlation between them.Methods:A total of 128 first-line nursing staff participating in public health emergencies on February 22-23, 2020 in Tianjin Beichen Hospital, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin Fourth Central Hospital were investigated by the general data questionnaire, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90).Results:70.3%(90/128) of nursing staff had poor sleep quality, and the total score of PSQI was (9.71±4.01) points, which was statistically significant compared with the domestic norm ( t value was 16.479, P<0.01). The total score of SCL-90 was 1.59±0.52, which was statistically significant compared with the domestic norm ratio ( t value was 4.505, P<0.01). One-way ANOVA showed that the nursing staff's age had a significant impact on sleep quality, and the difference was statistically significant ( F value was 4.092, P<0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that the Pittsburgh sleep quality scale index scores and symptom self-assessment scale and somatization, force, sensitive interpersonal relationship, depression, anxiety, hostile, terrorist, paranoia, and psychosis were positively correlated( r values were 0.292-0.444, P< 0.01). Conclusions:The sleep quality and mental health status of nurses in public health emergencies are poor, and the sleep quality is correlated with mental health status.

Variation of maternal gut microbiota may increase the risk of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) in offspring. Animal studies have indicated that maternal gut microbiota is related to neurodevelopmental abnormalities in mouse offspring, while it is unclear whether there is a correlation between gut microbiota of ASD children and their mothers. We examined the relationships between gut microbiome profiles of ASD children and those of their mothers, and evaluated the clinical discriminatory power of discovered bacterial biomarkers. Gut microbiome was profiled and evaluated by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing in stool samples of 59 mother-child pairs of ASD children and 30 matched mother-child pairs of healthy children. Significant differences were observed in the gut microbiome composition between ASD and healthy children in our Chinese cohort. Several unique bacterial biomarkers, such as Alcaligenaceae and Acinetobacter, were identified. Mothers of ASD children had more Proteobacteria, Alphaproteobacteria, Moraxellaceae, and Acinetobacter than mothers of healthy children. There was a clear correlation between gut microbiome profiles of children and their mothers; however, children with ASD still had unique bacterial biomarkers, such as Alcaligenaceae, Enterobacteriaceae, and Clostridium. Candidate biomarkers discovered in this study had remarkable discriminatory power. The identified patterns of mother-child gut microbiome profiles may be important for assessing risks during the early stage and planning of personalized treatment and prevention of ASD via microbiota modulation.
Adult ; Animals ; Autism Spectrum Disorder ; microbiology ; Bacteria ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Biomarkers ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cohort Studies ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Mothers ; Risk Assessment

The number of patients with chronic diseases is increasing year by year,bring a series of chronic problems and challenges to patients and society. Western countries have formed a mature model and system for chronic disease. This paper mainly introduce chronic care models in western country,so as to help nurses and patients in our country to know the management of patients with chronic disease,and then to improve the outcome of patients with chronic disease in our country.

Objective To observe the changes of adrenal cortical function in children with growth hormone deficiency before and after treatment with recombinant human growth hormone. Methods Seventy-two children diagnosed with GHD who received rhGH treatment for no less than 6 month were included, among whom there were 32 children who were accompanied with adrenal cortical hormone (ACTH) deficiency. The changes of fasting plasma cortisol (COR) and ACTH levels before and 3 and 6 months after treatment with rhGH were retrospectively analyzed. Results Thirty-two children with ACTH deficiency were treated with rhGH after COR level reached normal by the supplementing exogenous hydrocortisone. There was negative correlation between COR level before treatment and the HC dose that make the COR reach normal lowest limit level (r?=?-0.899, P??0.05). The level of COR was obviously decreased after treatment with rhGH, and there was statistical difference compared with that before treatment (P?

Objective To construct training course for specialized wound nurses based on Delphi method. Methods Firstly, the consultation list on context of training course for specialized wound nurses was designed by self between January 2015 to May 2015. The expert consultation involving eleven clinical nurse specialists, ten nursing managers, four nursing teachers from fifteen cities of provinces was performed via three rounds to determine the content of training course for specialized wound nurses. Results The content determined of training course for specialized wound nurses included three indicators in level one ( course components) involving professional attitude, knowledge and skills, 14 indicators in level two ( course name) involving medical ethics value of wound nursing, history of wound nursing, importance of specialized wound nurses and so on, 58 indicators in level three ( course context) involving personal and family burden caused by chronic wounds, development situation of wound nursing in China, working pattern of specialized wound nurses, professional development requirements and so on. Conclusions The context of training course for specialized wound nurses is determined from three dimensions including professional attitude, knowledge and skills. Besides, this study provides suggestions and theoretical support for the training of specialized wound nurses.

Objective To analyze the literature related to post competency evaluation index system that based on competency theory and know the deficiencies in the construction of index structure,in order to strengthen its normative and scientification and provide reference for the construction of index structure.Methods By retrieving the database of China national knowledge infrastructure (CNKI),Chinese biomedical literature service system (CBM),Wanfang and VIP database,we included the literature about the post competency evaluation index construction in the core journals from January 2007 to March 2016.Literature acquired by retrieval were imported Note Express 3.1 software,then the title,the first author,year of publication,evaluation object,system framework,system building method,the level of evaluation index and the weights of index were analyzed.Results There were 314 articles,and the overall number of literature was increasing in the past nine years.The evaluation objects were divided into the junior nurses,clinical nurses,the nursing managers,nursing teachers,nursing students,community nurses and new nurses,and the number of articles were:33,157,41,28,29,6 and 20.The main methods were multifarious,there were 20 articles adopted Delphi and analytic hierarchy process (AHP).The contents of index mainly consisted of 3 level such as clinical nursing,nursing management and nursing education.The contents of first-level index were mainly focus on knowledge,skill,social role,self-concept,trait and motivation,while the differences of second-level index were great.Conclusions The constructing methods of nursing post competency evaluation index system in our country are diversified,but relatively loose and lack of systemic.The elements of evaluation index are not full and normative,and the main research contents were knowledge and skill dimension;the weighted empowerment approach is relatively single,and the main methods are experiential judgment and qualitative description.The rigorous scientific design and measurement analysis and qualitative and quantitative method are insufficient.

OBJECTIVE:To compare the differences in the contents of water-soluble total protein,total phenolic acid and total polysaccharides among the water decoctions of crude Cibotium barometz and processed products and to illuminate the effect of pro-cessing on 3 kinds of components of C. barometz. METHODS:UV-visible spectrophotometry was adopted to determine the con-tents of water-soluble total protein,total phenolic acid and total polysaccharides in the water decoction of crude C. barometz and 4 processed products,namely sand-scorch C. barometz,yellow wine C. barometz,salt C. barometz and steamed C. barometz,at wavelengths of 590,760 and 489 nm respectively. RESULTS:The contents of water-soluble total protein in 5 samples were 4.03%,3.32%,3.13%,3.33% and 3.49%,those of total phenolic acid therein were 0.25%,1.34%,1.38%,2.34% and 1.41%,and those of total polysaccharides therein were 28.56%,36.06%,45.21%,49.60% and 49.01%,respectively. CONCLU-SIONS:All above processing methods have an effect to some degree on the contents of the 3 kinds of components of C. barometz, where the contents of water-soluble total protein are lower after processing,while those of total phenolic acid and total polysaccha-rides are higher thereafter.