OBJECTIVE To investigate the intervention effect and its potential mechanism of Yifei xuanfei jiangzhuo formula by inhibiting mitochondrial fission in a vascular dementia （VaD） model rats. METHODS VaD rat model was established by bilateral common carotid artery ligation. The experimental animals were randomly divided into sham operation group （SHAM）， model group （MOD），Yifei xuanfei jiangzhuo formula low-dose group （YFXF-L）， Yifei xuanfei jiangzhuo formula high-dose group （YFXF-H）， and Donepezil hydrochloride group （positive control）， with 9 animals in each group. After 30 days of intervention， the spatial learning memory ability was assessed by Morris water maze experiment； HE staining was used to observe histopathological changes in CA1 area of hippocampus； ELISA was used to detect the levels of serum inflammatory factors [interleukin-1β （IL-1β） and IL-4]； Western blot was used to detect the expressions of heat shock protein 90 （HSP90）/mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein （MLKL）/dynamin-related protein 1 （Drp1） pathway-related proteins， mitochondrial fusion proteins （MFN1， MFN2）， and adenosine triphosphate synthase 5A （ATP5A） in hippocampal tissues. The immunohistochemistry was used to detect the level of phosphorylated MLKL （p-MLKL）； real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was adopted to detect mRNA expressions ofHSP90， MFN1， MFN2 and ATP5A. RESULTS Compared with SHAM group， the escape latency of rats in the MOD group was significantly prolonged， the number of crossing the platform was significantly reduced， and the hippocampal tissues showed typical neuronal damage characteristics， the positive expression level of p-MLKL and the serum level of IL-1β significantly increased， while the serum level of IL-4 significantly decreased， the protein and mRNA expression of HSP90， as well as the protein expressions of p-MLKL/MLKL and p-Drp1（Ser616）/Drp1 were all significantly increased in hippocampal tissue， the protein and mRNA expressions of MFN1， MFN2 and ATP5A， and protein expression of p-Drp1（Ser637）/Drp1 were all significantly decreased （P＜0.05）. After the intervention of Yifei xuanfei jiangzhuo formula， above indicators in each treatment group were all significantly reversed （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS Yifei xuanfei jiangzhuo formula may alleviate neuronal damage and neuroinflammatory responses in VaD rats by regulating the HSP90/MLKL/Drp1 signaling pathway， inhibiting mitochondrial fission， thereby maintaining mitochondrial dynamic balance and improving mitochondrial function.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the impact of bone mass and volume of low-density zones beneath the tibial plateau on the maximum von Mises stresses experienced by the cartilage and meniscus in the knee joint. METHODS: The study included one healthy adult volunteer, from whom CT scans were obtained, and one patient diagnosed with knee osteoarthrisis (KOA), for whom X-ray films were acquired. A static model of the knee joint featuring a low-density zone was established based on a normal knee model. In the finite element analysis, axial loads of 1 000 N and 1 800 N were applied to the weight-bearing region of the upper surface of the femoral head for model validation and subsequent finite element studies, respectively. The maximum von Mises stresses in the femoral cartilage, as well as the medial and lateral tibial cartilage and menisci, were observed, and the stress percentage of the medial and lateral components were concurrently analyzed. Additionally, HE staining, as well as alkaline magenta staining, were performed on the pathological specimens of patients with KOA in various low-density regions. RESULTS: The results of model validation indicated that the model was consistent with normal anatomical structures and correlated with previous calculations documented in the literature. Static analysis revealed that the maximum von Mises stress in the medial component of the normal knee was the lowest and increased with the advancement of the hypointensity zone. In contrast, the lateral component exhibited an opposing trend, with the maximum von Mises stress in the lateral component being the highest and decreasing as the hypointensity zone progressed. Additionally, the medial component experienced an increasing proportion of stress within the overall knee joint. HE staining demonstrated that the chondrocyte layer progressively deteriorated and may even disappear as the hypointensity zone expanded. Furthermore, alkaline magenta staining indicated that the severity of microfractures in the trabecular bone increased concurrently with the expansion of the hypointensity zone. CONCLUSION The presence of subtalar plateau low-density zone may aggravate joint degeneration. In clinical practice, it is necessary to pay attention to the changes in the subtalar plateau low-density zone and actively take effective measures to strengthen the bone status of the subtalar plateau low-density zone and restore the complete biomechanical function of the knee joint, in order to slow down or reverse the progression of osteoarthritis.
Humans ; Finite Element Analysis ; Knee Joint/physiology* ; Tibia/anatomy & histology* ; Cartilage, Articular/physiology* ; Menisci, Tibial/physiopathology* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Osteoarthritis, Knee/diagnostic imaging* ; Weight-Bearing ; Bone Density ; Adult ; Stress, Mechanical ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Female

Objective:To investigate the current status of maternal body image during pregnancy, mother-infant attachment and postpartum depression and explore the mediating effect of mother-infant attachment on maternal body image during pregnancy and postpartum depression, in order to effectively reduce the incidence of postpartum depression and provide reference and guidance for alleviating depressive symptoms.Methods:A total of 362 pregnant women admitted to obstetric wards in Women′s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University were selected for a cross-sectional investigation by applying the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, the Body Image in Pregnancy Scale and the Maternal Postnatal Attachment Scale by convenient sampling from July to September 2022. Model 4 in the SPSS macro program PROCESS was used to test the mediating effect of maternal infant attachment between body image and postpartum depression.Results:Totally 362 valid questionnaires were retrieved including 194 individuals aged ≤30 years old and 168 individuals aged >30 years old. The scores of maternal body image during pregnancy, mother-infant attachment and postpartum depression were (89.24 ± 15.56), (71.40 ± 8.05), 7.50 (4.00, 11.00) points.Conclusions:Body image during pregnancy can not only directly predict postpartum depression, but also indirectly predict postpartum depression through the mediating effect of mother-infant attachment. In order to prevent or reduce the occurrence of postpartum depression, nursing staff should carry out intervention research based on influencing the path of postpartum depression from the perspective of positive psychology.

Objective To evaluate the quality of life of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Weifang City, Shandong Province and to explore its influencing factors. Methods A multistage stratified random sampling method was used to investigate patients in endocrine outpatient clinics in four medical institutions in Weifang from July to September 2022. The survey included general information, multi-dimensional evaluation of quality of life with the EQ-5D-5L scale, calculation of health utility values, and analysis of influencing factors using Tobit regression models. Results A total of 397 patients with type 2 diabetes were included in the present investigation, with health utility value of 0.82±0.21 points and visual analogue scale (VAS) score of 79.47±12.81 points. Pain or discomfort, anxiety or depression were more prominent in the study population. Age, diabetic complications, BMI, daily need for care, social support, and daily level of glycemic control were factors influencing health-related quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes. Conclusion In the actual treatment of type 2 diabetes patients, an emphasis should be placed on protecting elderly type 2 diabetic patients, preventing and controlling the occurrence and development of diabetic complications, and improving daily blood glucose control to further improve the health-related quality of life of the population.

Objective:To explore the short-term outcomes of reconstruction of tumorous critical bone defects at femoral shaft with a 3D printed ultra-short stem with a porous structure.Methods:From September 2016 to June 2018, 8 patients underwent reconstruction of critical bone defects with a 3D printed ultra-short stem with a porous structure after resection of femoral shaft malignant tumor at Department of Orthopaedics, West China Hospital. There were 4 males and 4 females, with an average age of 36.9 years (from 11 to 61 years). Their preoperative Enneking staging was stage Ⅱb in all. There were 3 osteosarcomas, 2 Ewing sarcomas, 2 chondrosarcomas and one periosteal osteosarcoma. Preoperative CT/MRI image fusion technology was used to define the surgical boundary, design the guide plate and prosthesis, and perform surgical simulation. Tomosynthesis-shimadzu Metal Artefact Reduction technology was used to evaluate osseointegration. Complications and bone oncology prognosis of the patients were documented. The lower limb function of the patients was evaluated using Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) 1993 scoring and knee range of motion.Results:The overall follow-up time ranged from 36 to 50 months, averaging 42.8 months. During operation one patient sustained a periprosthesis fracture, the union of which was followed up after wire assisted fixation. There was no local tumor recurrence, lung metastasis or death. The last follow-up revealed good osseointegration and basically isometric lower extremities in all cases. There was no such a complication as aseptic loosening of the prosthesis, deep infection or prosthesis fracture during the follow-up period. At the last follow-up in the 8 patients, the flexion range of the knee joint was 116.2°±9.1°, significantly improved compared with that before operation (98.8°±10.9°), and the MSTS score was (26.2±2.1) points, also significantly improved compared with that before operation [(21.6±1.8) points] ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Reconstruction with a 3D printed ultra-short stem with a porous structure is an accurate operation for femoral shaft tumorous bone defects. With careful preoperative design, intraoperative manipulation and strict postoperative follow-up management, this operation can lead to fine early curative outcomes for long shaft critical bone defects.

The high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) were used to investigate the changes of collagen and matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) in liver, lung and kidney during growth process of mice. The mice from 0 to 18 weeks were used as the research objects. The contents and proportions of hydroxyproline (Hyp), which were used to calculate the collagen contents, in liver, lung and kidney of different weeks were analyzed with HPLC. The contents and activity of MMP-1 in liver, lung and kidney of different weeks were analyzed with ELISA. The results showed that the collagen contents in liver, lung, and kidney were different (Lung(COL)>Kidney(COL)>Liver(COL)), and they all increased first and then decreased with weeks. The collagen contents in liver, lung, and kidney reached the highest level in the ninth (5.52 ng/mg), sixth (54.10 ng/mg) and ninth (19.20 ng/mg) week, respectively. Then it declined slowly from 9 to 18 weeks. The result of ELISA showed that the MMP-1 contents in liver, lung and kidney decreased first and then increased with weeks, and the trend of MMP-1 activity was opposite. It indicated that the increase of collagen contents in the tissues will inhibit the secretion of MMP-1.
Animals ; Collagen ; Kidney ; Liver ; Lung ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ; Mice

Objective:To explore risk factors of individually predicting delayed bleeding after endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for patients with early gastrointestinal tumors, to establish Nomogram model and to propose nursing countermeasures.Methods:Data of 236 patients who received ESD in Jiangsu Taizhou People's Hospital due to early gastrointestinal tumor from December 2017 to December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. The independent risk factors for postoperative delayed bleeding were analyzed by univariate Logistic regression and binary Logistic regression respectively and a Nomogram prediction model was established.Results:Long-term use of antithrombotic drugs ( OR=4.990) , the number of biopsies greater or equal to 3 ( OR=7.834) , accompanied by ulcers and scars ( OR=6.079) , lesion diameter greater or equal to 3 cm ( OR=5.316) , infiltration to submucosa ( OR=5.667) , intraoperative marked bleeding ( OR=5.745) and experience of surgeons ( OR=7.660) were independent risk factors for delayed bleeding after ESD in early gastrointestinal tumors ( P<0.05) . A related Nomogram prediction model was established based on the above 7 independent risk factors, and the model was verified. The H- L deviation test result was χ 2=3.753, P=0.663 and C- index was 0.907 (95% CI 0.877-0.937) , which indicated Nomogram prediction model had good accuracy and dipartite degree. Conclusions:Long-term use of antithrombotic drugs, the number of biopsies greater or equal to 3, accompanied by ulcers and scars, lesion diameter greater or equal to 3 cm, infiltration to submucosa, intraoperative marked bleeding and unskilled surgeons are independent risk factors for delayed bleeding after ESD in early gastrointestinal tumors. Nomogram model established has accurate predictive ability and dipartite degree, which is helpful for nursing staff to screen high-risk patients and formulate relevant nursing strategies.

OBJECTIVE： To explore the component， target and pathway of Panax notoginseng for coronary heart disease （CHD） and its potential molecular mechanism. METHODS： Based on network pharmacology， active components of P. notoginseng were retrieved with TCMSP platform. The targets of P. notoginseng for CHD were screened by using DRAR-CPI server， GeneCards and DisGeNET databases. Cytoscape 3.6.0 software was used to form the effective components-CHD targets network of P. notoginseng. String database was used to draw target interaction network. Network Analyzer tool was used to calculate target connectivity， and potential core targets were screened. Molecular docking between the core targets and the effective components of P. notoginseng was performed by Systems Dock Web Site server. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis and gene ontology （GO） enrichment analysis were also carried out to explore the important signal pathway and molecular function of P. notoginseng for CHD. “Effective component-target-signal pathway”network of important signal pathway were constructed. RESULTS： Five effective components （stigmasterol， β-sitosterol， ginsenoside rh2， quercetin， notoginsenoside r1） were screened from P. notoginseng for CHD， which acted on 96 targets and had 134 functional relationships. Five core targets were protein kinase B （AKT）， interleukin 6 （IL-6）， vascular endothelial growth factor A （VEGFA）， c-JUN protein （c-JUN） and heparin binding epidermal growth factor （HB-EGF）， which played an important role in the treatment of CHD by altering protein binding and regulating signaling pathways as phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase-protein/kinase B （PI3K/AKT）， hypoxia-inducible factor-1 （HIF-1） and mitogen-activated protein kinase （MAPK）. CONCLUSIONS： P. notoginseng in the treatment of CHD is not only play a variety of effects through the role of multiple targets， but also produce complex network regulation effect through the interaction between targets.

Objective To evaluate the risk factors and sonographic findings of pregnancies complicated by placenta increta or placenta percreta. Methods Totally, 2219 cases were retrospectively analyzed from 20 tertiary hospitals in China from January 2011 to December 2015. The data were collected based on the original case records. All cases were divided into two groups, the placenta increta (PI) group (79.1％, 1755/2219) and the placenta percreta (PP) group (20.9％, 464/2219), according to the degree of placental implantation. The risk factors and sonographic findings of placenta increta or percreta were analyzed by uni-factor and logistic regression statistic methods. Results The risk factors associated with the degree of placental implantation were age, gravida, previous abortion or miscarriage, previous cesarean sections, and placenta previa (all P<0.05), especially, previous cesarean sections (χ2=157.961) and placenta previa (χ2=91.759). Sonographic findings could be used to predict the degree of placental invasion especially the boundaries between placenta and uterine serosa, the boundary between placenta and myometrium, the disruption of the placental-uterine wall interface and loss of the normal retroplacental hypoechoic zone(all P<0.01). Conclusions Previous cesarean sections and placenta previa are the main independent risk factors associated with the degree of placenta implantation. Ultrasound could be used to make a prenatal suggestive diagnosis of placenta accreta spectrum disorders.

Objective To investigate the effects of ulinastatin combined with octreotide in patients with severe acute pancreatitis TAP, SAA and serum inflammatory factors. Methods From February 2011 to September 2016,one hundred and seventy-eight patients with severe acute pancreatitis treated in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University were enrolled in the study and were divided into the control group(81 cases) and observation group (97 cases). On the basis of routine treatment,the control group was treated with 0. 50 mg octreotide +0. 9% sodium chloride injection,continuous intravenous infusion at 20 mg/h, and 1 time /d,with a total of 3 d. On the basis of the control group,the observation group was given ulinastatin 100 thousand U+250 ml 0. 9% sodium chloride solution intravenous drip,2 times /d,with a total of 3 d. Before and after treatment,TAP,SAA and serum inflammatory factors in two groups were detected and analyzed. Results The levels of TAP,SAA,lipase and amylase in the observation group were (45. 21±9. 64) nmol/L,(458. 62 ±75. 41) mg/L, ( 14731. 7 ± 812. 5) U/L and ( 9341. 3 ± 831. 3) U/L respectively, compared with ( 26. 38 ±7. 13) nmol/L, ( 201. 23 ± 64. 31 ) mg/L, ( 10 321. 4 ± 762. 8) U/L and ( 5 416. 7 ± 306. 8) U/L after treatment. Before treatment,the control group were (43. 14±8. 53) nmol/L,(463. 71±62. 83) mg/L,(13826. 2 ±731.3) U/L and (9126.4±835.1) U/L,and the control group were (37.41±8.32) nmol/L,(316.42 ±68. 71) mg/L,(12 318. 5±797. 3) U/L and (7 423. 1±752. 3) U/L. After treatment,the two groups were lower than those before treatment (P＜0. 05),and the decrease was more obvious in the observation group after treatment. Compared with the control group,the difference was statistically significant ( P＜0. 05) . The level of calcitonin,C reactive protein and triglyceride in the observation group were ( 6. 04 ± 1. 25) ng/mL, ( 237. 3 ±13. 2) mg/L and ( 32. 18 ± 1. 32) mmol/L respectively before treatment. After treatment, they were ( 2. 37 ±0. 96) ng/mL,(48. 9±11. 2) mg/L and (12. 73±3. 61) mmol/L. Before treatment,the control group was (5. 72 ± 1. 43 ) ng/mL, ( 213. 1 ± 16. 2 ) mg/L, ( 30. 76 ± 1. 94 ) mmol/L and ( 5. 32 ± 1. 21 ) mmol/L, respectively. After treatment,they were (4. 21±1. 32) ng/mL,(156. 2±14. 7) mg/L and (24. 69±1. 26) mmol/L respectively. The levels of calcitonin,C reactive protein and triglyceride in the two groups were lower than those before treatment (P＜0. 05),and the decrease was more obvious in the observation group after treatment,and the difference was statistically significant compared with the control group. (P＜0. 05); tn the observation group,the levels of interleukin 6,interleukin 8,TNF - alpha,thromboxane and prostacyclin were (292. 48±19. 57) ng/L, (105. 52 ± 11. 41 ) ng/L, ( 4. 31 ± 0. 58 ) ng/L, ( 442. 16 ± 40. 23 ) ng/L and ( 167. 42 ± 12. 29 ) ng/L respectively.After treatment,they were (67.43±9.21) ng/L,(23.19±3.26) ng/L,(1.27±0.32) ng/L, (192. 20± 16. 89) ng/L and ( 364. 57 ± 27. 02) ng/L respectively. Before treatment, the control group was (278. 31±22. 49) ng/L,(113. 21±11. 45) ng/L,(4. 32±0. 48) ng/L,(428. 32±36. 54) ng/L and (159. 31 ±13. 42) ng/L,compared with (125. 74±16. 52) ng/L,(67. 21±7. 65) ng/L,(3. 16±0. 29) ng/L,(321. 46 ±25. 51) ng/L,(246. 73±20. 52) ng/L after treatment. After treatment,the levels of IL-6,IL-8,TNF-alpha and thromboxane in the two groups were all lower than those before the treatment ( P＜0. 05 ) . The levels of prostacyclin in the two groups were all higher than those before treatment ( P＜0. 05) . Conclusion Ulinastatin combined with octreotide in the treatment of severe acute pancreatitis can reduce the level of blood lipid,reduce inflammatory factors,reduce systemic inflammatory response, improve the patient's inhibition of inflammatory response and promote the balance of inflammatory reaction, and test the patient's TAP, SAA and serum inflammatory response factors to the diagnosis of SAP and the judgment of the disease,and have certain clinical guidance.