OBJECTIVE To explore the expression levels of microribonucleic acid(miR)-29b and soluble Klotho protein in peripheral blood of the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)patients complicated with pulmo-nary infection and analyze the clinical significance.METHODS The clinical data were retrospectively collected from 139 patients with COPD who were treated in Ningxia Medical University General Hospital from Feb.2022 to Feb.2024.The patients were divided into the infection group with 41 cases and the no infection group with 98 cases ac-cording to the status of pulmonary infection.The distribution of pathogens isolated from the patients of the infec-tion group was observed.The levels of serum miR-29b and Klotho were compared between the infection group and the no infection group or of the infection group before and after the anti-infection treatment.The efficiencies of ser-um miR-29b and Klotho in prediction of pulmonary infection were analyzed by means of receiver operating charac-teristic(ROC)curves.RESULTS Totally 46 strains of pathogens were isolated from the infection group,67.39％of which were gram-negative bacteria,26.09％were gram-positive bacteria,and 6.52％were fungi.There were significant differences in the levels of serum miR-29b and Klotho between the infection group and the no infection group(P＜0.05);the expression level of serum miR-29b of the patients in the infection group who were effective for the anti-infection treatment was lower after the treatment than before the treatment,while the expression level of Klotho was higher after the treatment than before the treatment(P＜0.05);the expression level of miR-29b of the patients effective for the treatment was lower than that of the patients ineffective for the treatment,while the expression level of Klotho of the patients effective for the treatment was higher than that of the patients ineffective for the treatment(P＜0.05).ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve(AUC)of the joint detec-tion of serum miR-29b and Klotho was 0.927 in prediction of pulmonary infection in the COPD patients,higher than 0.837 and 0.852 of the single detection.CONCLUSIONS The COPD patients complicated with pulmonary in-fection show the high expression level of serum miR-29b and low expression level of Klotho.The joint detection of the two indexes has high efficiency in prediction of pulmonary infection in the COPD patients,which can be used as reliable indexes for assessment of the curative effect after the anti-infection treatment.

The pregnant woman was 30 years old,G2P0.This singleton pregnancy at 22 weeks of gestation was screened for second-trimester ultrasound malformations,suggesting fetal aortic valve atresia,aortic stenosis with reverse blood flow,mitral valve atresia,and markedly enlarged left ventricle,which was considered for the diagnosis of hypoplastic left heart syndrome(HLHS).The pregnancy was terminated at our hospital and subsequently underwent genetic testing with results of heterozygous variants in the NOTCH1 gene,which can cause aortic valve disease type 1.The findings of the fetal autopsy were aortic valve atresia,mitral valve widening and thickening,and left ventricular enlargement with myocardial infarction.This report focuses on the ultrasound characteristics of HLHS with left ventricular enlargement and its hemodynamic changes in order to improve clinicians'understanding of the progressive changes in the disease phenotype of HLHS.

Objective To understand the current situation of healthcare-associated infection(HAI)in China,pro-vide data support and decision-making basis for formulating scientific and effective strategies for HAI prevention and control.Methods A nationwide cross-sectional survey on HAI was conducted among various types and levels of medical institutions in China according to a unified protocol of bedside surveys and case investigations.Results In 2024,a total of 5 736 medical institutions and 2 751 765 patients were surveyed.Among them,34 889 HAI cases were identified,with a prevalence rate of 1.27％.The number of HAI episodes was 38 032,and case prevalence rate was 1.38％.The prevalence rate of HAI in medical institutions in different regions of China ranged from 0.66％to 2.35％.Among medical institutions of different scales,those with a bed capacity of ≥900 had the high-est incidence of HAI,reaching 1.65％.The most common infection site was the lower respiratory tract(44.66％),followed by the urinary tract(12.94％),surgical site(9.32％),upper respiratory tract(7.02％),and bloodstream infection(5.78％).The top 3 departments with the highest HAI rates were the general intensive care unit(10.02％),department of neurosurgery(5.51％),and department(group)of hematology(5.34％).A total of 23 238 strains of HAI pathogens were detected,with 10 714 strains(46.10％)from lower respiratory tract speci-mens.The top 5 detected strains were Klebsiella pneumoniae(14.76％),Pseudomonas aeruginosa(13.33％),Escherichia coli(12.79％),Acinetobacter baumannii(9.23％),and Staphylococcus aureus(7.88％).231 944 pa-tients underwent class Ⅰ incision surgery were monitored,with 1 647 cases experienced surgical site infection,and the prevalence rate of surgical site infection was 0.71％.The number of patients who should undergo pathogen de-tection(patients receiving therapeutic and therapeutic combined prophylactic antimicrobial agents)was 715 179,while the actual number was 480 492,with a pathogen detection rate of 67.18％.425 225 patients received patho-genic detection before treatment,with a detection rate of 59.46％.Conclusion The overall HAI prevalence in Chi-na is lower,showing disparities among medical institutions of different regions and scales.Therefore,precise imple-mentation of measures is necessary for HAI prevention and control,with a focus on high-risk institutions and high-risk departments,key areas,and critical procedures.All levels of medical institutions should continuously reduce the incidence of HAI by strengthening monitoring,standardizing the use of antimicrobial agents,and reinforcing basic HAI prevention and control measures.

Growth arrest DNA damage-inducible protein 45 β (GADD45B) has been reported to be a regulatory factor for active DNA demethylation and is implicated in the modulation of synaptic plasticity and chronic stress-related psychopathological processes. However, its precise role and mechanism of action in stress susceptibility remain elusive. In this study, we found a significant reduction in GADD45B expression specifically in the ventral, but not the dorsal hippocampal CA1 (dCA1) of stress-susceptible mice. Furthermore, we demonstrated that GADD45B negatively regulates susceptibility to social stress and NMDA receptor-dependent long-term potentiation (LTP) in the ventral hippocampal CA1 (vCA1). Importantly, through pharmacological inhibition using the NMDA receptor antagonist MK801, we provided further evidence supporting the hypothesis that GADD45B potentially modulates susceptibility to social stress by influencing NMDA receptor-mediated LTP. Collectively, these results suggested that modulation of NMDA receptor-mediated synaptic plasticity is a pivotal mechanism underlying the regulation of susceptibility to social stress by GADD45B.
Animals ; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/antagonists & inhibitors* ; CA1 Region, Hippocampal/drug effects* ; Male ; Stress, Psychological/physiopathology* ; Mice ; Neuronal Plasticity/drug effects* ; Long-Term Potentiation/drug effects* ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Antigens, Differentiation/metabolism* ; Dizocilpine Maleate/pharmacology* ; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists/pharmacology* ; GADD45 Proteins

High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), when released extracellularly, plays a pivotal role in the development of spinal cord synapses and exacerbates autoimmune diseases within the central nervous system. In experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a condition that models multiple sclerosis, the levels of extracellular HMGB1 and interleukin-33 (IL-33) have been found to be inversely correlated. However, the mechanism by which IL-33 deficiency enhances HMGB1 release during EAE remains elusive. Our study elucidates a potential signaling pathway whereby the absence of IL-33 leads to increased binding of P300/CBP-associated factor with HMGB1 in the nuclei of astrocytes, upregulating HMGB1 acetylation and promoting its release from astrocyte nuclei in the spinal cord of EAE mice. Conversely, the addition of IL-33 counteracts the TNF-α-induced increase in HMGB1 and acetylated HMGB1 levels in primary astrocytes. These findings underscore the potential of IL-33-associated signaling pathways as a therapeutic target for EAE treatment.
Animals ; Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/metabolism* ; Astrocytes/metabolism* ; Interleukin-33/metabolism* ; HMGB1 Protein/metabolism* ; Acetylation ; Mice, Knockout ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; p300-CBP Transcription Factors/metabolism* ; Mice ; Spinal Cord/metabolism* ; Cells, Cultured ; Female ; Signal Transduction

Objective To understand the current situation of healthcare-associated infection(HAI)in China,pro-vide data support and decision-making basis for formulating scientific and effective strategies for HAI prevention and control.Methods A nationwide cross-sectional survey on HAI was conducted among various types and levels of medical institutions in China according to a unified protocol of bedside surveys and case investigations.Results In 2024,a total of 5 736 medical institutions and 2 751 765 patients were surveyed.Among them,34 889 HAI cases were identified,with a prevalence rate of 1.27％.The number of HAI episodes was 38 032,and case prevalence rate was 1.38％.The prevalence rate of HAI in medical institutions in different regions of China ranged from 0.66％to 2.35％.Among medical institutions of different scales,those with a bed capacity of ≥900 had the high-est incidence of HAI,reaching 1.65％.The most common infection site was the lower respiratory tract(44.66％),followed by the urinary tract(12.94％),surgical site(9.32％),upper respiratory tract(7.02％),and bloodstream infection(5.78％).The top 3 departments with the highest HAI rates were the general intensive care unit(10.02％),department of neurosurgery(5.51％),and department(group)of hematology(5.34％).A total of 23 238 strains of HAI pathogens were detected,with 10 714 strains(46.10％)from lower respiratory tract speci-mens.The top 5 detected strains were Klebsiella pneumoniae(14.76％),Pseudomonas aeruginosa(13.33％),Escherichia coli(12.79％),Acinetobacter baumannii(9.23％),and Staphylococcus aureus(7.88％).231 944 pa-tients underwent class Ⅰ incision surgery were monitored,with 1 647 cases experienced surgical site infection,and the prevalence rate of surgical site infection was 0.71％.The number of patients who should undergo pathogen de-tection(patients receiving therapeutic and therapeutic combined prophylactic antimicrobial agents)was 715 179,while the actual number was 480 492,with a pathogen detection rate of 67.18％.425 225 patients received patho-genic detection before treatment,with a detection rate of 59.46％.Conclusion The overall HAI prevalence in Chi-na is lower,showing disparities among medical institutions of different regions and scales.Therefore,precise imple-mentation of measures is necessary for HAI prevention and control,with a focus on high-risk institutions and high-risk departments,key areas,and critical procedures.All levels of medical institutions should continuously reduce the incidence of HAI by strengthening monitoring,standardizing the use of antimicrobial agents,and reinforcing basic HAI prevention and control measures.

Objective To explore the efficacy of 4R technology combined with prone five-direction cer-vical muscle strength training for neck type cervical spondylosis.Methods A total of 112 patients with neck and shoulder pain who visited the Affiliated Shapingba Hospital of Chongqing University and the Shapingba District Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital in Chongqing from January to November 2024 were selected as research subjects.They were randomly assigned using a random number table method into an observation group and a control group,with 56 patients in each group.The observation group received 4R technology com-bined with prone five-direction cervical muscle strength training,while the control group received conventional rehabilitation treatment.Both interventions lasted for 4 weeks.Differences in Visual Analogue Scale(VAS)scores,Neck Disability Index(NDI)scores,and cervical range of motion in flexion,extension,lateral bending,and rota-tion were assessed before treatment and at 1 and 6 months after treatment for both groups.Results At 1 and 6 months of treatment,VAS scores in both groups decreased compared to before treatment,with the observation group lower than the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).At 1 and 6 months of treatment,NDI scores in both groups decreased compared to before treatment,with the observation group lower than the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).At 1 and 6 months of treatment,cervical flexion,cervical extension,and cervical lateral flexion in both groups increased compared to before treatment,and cervical rotation in the observation group increased compared to before treatment.Cervical extension and cervical rotation in the observation group were greater than those in the con-trol group,and only at 6 months of treatment was cervical lateral flexion in the observation group greater than in the control group,with all differences statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The 4R technology combined with prone five-direction cervical muscle strength training can effectively improve cervical-type cer-vical spondylosis.

OBJECTIVE To explore the expression levels of microribonucleic acid(miR)-29b and soluble Klotho protein in peripheral blood of the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)patients complicated with pulmo-nary infection and analyze the clinical significance.METHODS The clinical data were retrospectively collected from 139 patients with COPD who were treated in Ningxia Medical University General Hospital from Feb.2022 to Feb.2024.The patients were divided into the infection group with 41 cases and the no infection group with 98 cases ac-cording to the status of pulmonary infection.The distribution of pathogens isolated from the patients of the infec-tion group was observed.The levels of serum miR-29b and Klotho were compared between the infection group and the no infection group or of the infection group before and after the anti-infection treatment.The efficiencies of ser-um miR-29b and Klotho in prediction of pulmonary infection were analyzed by means of receiver operating charac-teristic(ROC)curves.RESULTS Totally 46 strains of pathogens were isolated from the infection group,67.39％of which were gram-negative bacteria,26.09％were gram-positive bacteria,and 6.52％were fungi.There were significant differences in the levels of serum miR-29b and Klotho between the infection group and the no infection group(P＜0.05);the expression level of serum miR-29b of the patients in the infection group who were effective for the anti-infection treatment was lower after the treatment than before the treatment,while the expression level of Klotho was higher after the treatment than before the treatment(P＜0.05);the expression level of miR-29b of the patients effective for the treatment was lower than that of the patients ineffective for the treatment,while the expression level of Klotho of the patients effective for the treatment was higher than that of the patients ineffective for the treatment(P＜0.05).ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve(AUC)of the joint detec-tion of serum miR-29b and Klotho was 0.927 in prediction of pulmonary infection in the COPD patients,higher than 0.837 and 0.852 of the single detection.CONCLUSIONS The COPD patients complicated with pulmonary in-fection show the high expression level of serum miR-29b and low expression level of Klotho.The joint detection of the two indexes has high efficiency in prediction of pulmonary infection in the COPD patients,which can be used as reliable indexes for assessment of the curative effect after the anti-infection treatment.

Objective To propose an in vitro cytotoxicity evaluation method for novel iron-based biodegradable mateirals focusing on their degrading characteristics.Methods Half-finished scaffolds of nitrided iron tubes with a higher iron content of over 99％and a nitrogen content of 0.03％to 0.20％were selected as test samples,and based on the treatment mode were divided into an anaerobic treatment group,a non-anaerobic treatment group,a non-anaerobic treatment with removed iron particle group and a non-anaerobic treatment with plate-washing group.The anaerobic treatment group was processed in an anaerobic workstation;the conventional treatment group underwent standard handling in a biosafety cabinet;the conventional treatment with removed iron particle group was subjected to iron particle elimination using a Midimacs Starting Kit manual sorter after conventional treatment;and the conventional treatment with plate-washing group was rinsed with 0.9％sodium chloride injection before tetrazolium salt reagent treatment.Different extraction media(simulated body fluid,cell culture medium,phosphate buffer and 0.9％sodium chloride injection)were used for the immersion treatment of the test samples in each group to compare the effects of the degradation products on the survival rate of L929 cells.Results The anaerobic treatment group and the conventional treatment with removed iron particle group exhibited no detectable cytotoxicity.Trypan blue staining revealed significant cytotoxicity in the conventional treatment group,while false-negative results emerged due to interactions between the tetrazolium salt reagent and degradation products.In the non-anaerobic treatment with washing plate group,the false negative from iron particles was eliminated while potential cytotoxicity was showen,and the result accuracy was affected because some cells were washed out.Conclusion The proposed method can be used for the in vitro cytotoxicity evaluation,and facilitates the safety evaluation of the application of such materials.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2025,46(3):35-41]