Objective The morphological and data characteristics of premature ventricular contraction(PVC)were obtained through dynamic electrocardiogram(DCG),and its correlation with new-onset major adverse cardiovascular events(MACE)was analyzed.Methods A total of 115 patients with PVC admitted to Huzhou First People's Hospital from January 2022 to January 2024 were retrospectively selected and divided into MACE group(n=31)and non-MACE group(n=84)according to the new-onset MACE.Collect the baseline data of patients,as well as DCG data such as the morphological and data characteristics of PVC.Collect the baseline data of patients,as well as DCG data such as the morphological and data characteristics of PVC.Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of new-onset MACE in patients with PVC.The receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was drawn to analyze the predictive value of influencing factors for the risk of new-onset MACE in patients with PVC.Results There were statistically significant differences in gender,disease duration,QRS wave duration,PVC origin,PVC load,and Lown classification between two groups of patients(P＜0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that QRS wave duration(OR=1.070),PVC origin(OR=6.840)and PVC load(OR=2.583)were independent risk factors for new-onset MACE in PVC patients(P＜0.05).The ROC curve showed that the area under the curve for predicting new-onset MACE in PVC patients with QRS wave duration,PVC origin,and PVC load were 0.791,0.750,and 0.917 respectively.The predictive value of PVC load was the highest.Conclusion QRS wave duration,PVC origin and PVC load are related to new-onset MACE in PVC patients,and PVC load has a good predictive effect on the risk of new-onset MACE in PVC patients.

OBJECTIVE To explore the expression levels of microribonucleic acid(miR)-29b and soluble Klotho protein in peripheral blood of the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)patients complicated with pulmo-nary infection and analyze the clinical significance.METHODS The clinical data were retrospectively collected from 139 patients with COPD who were treated in Ningxia Medical University General Hospital from Feb.2022 to Feb.2024.The patients were divided into the infection group with 41 cases and the no infection group with 98 cases ac-cording to the status of pulmonary infection.The distribution of pathogens isolated from the patients of the infec-tion group was observed.The levels of serum miR-29b and Klotho were compared between the infection group and the no infection group or of the infection group before and after the anti-infection treatment.The efficiencies of ser-um miR-29b and Klotho in prediction of pulmonary infection were analyzed by means of receiver operating charac-teristic(ROC)curves.RESULTS Totally 46 strains of pathogens were isolated from the infection group,67.39％of which were gram-negative bacteria,26.09％were gram-positive bacteria,and 6.52％were fungi.There were significant differences in the levels of serum miR-29b and Klotho between the infection group and the no infection group(P＜0.05);the expression level of serum miR-29b of the patients in the infection group who were effective for the anti-infection treatment was lower after the treatment than before the treatment,while the expression level of Klotho was higher after the treatment than before the treatment(P＜0.05);the expression level of miR-29b of the patients effective for the treatment was lower than that of the patients ineffective for the treatment,while the expression level of Klotho of the patients effective for the treatment was higher than that of the patients ineffective for the treatment(P＜0.05).ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve(AUC)of the joint detec-tion of serum miR-29b and Klotho was 0.927 in prediction of pulmonary infection in the COPD patients,higher than 0.837 and 0.852 of the single detection.CONCLUSIONS The COPD patients complicated with pulmonary in-fection show the high expression level of serum miR-29b and low expression level of Klotho.The joint detection of the two indexes has high efficiency in prediction of pulmonary infection in the COPD patients,which can be used as reliable indexes for assessment of the curative effect after the anti-infection treatment.

Objective To study the pathogenic bacteria infection in hospitalized diabetic foot patients in the Third People's Hospital of Yunnan Province and its correlation with different Wagner grades,to understand the the characteristics of pathogenic bacteria and related risk factors in hospitalized diabetic foot patients in the Third People's Hospital of Yunnan Province,and to further provide theoretical guidance for anti-infection treatment of these patients.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the demographic data,severity of foot ulcers,and related laboratory test results of 536 patients with diabetic foot who were detected to have bacterial infection in the Third People's Hospital of Yunnan Province from January 2019 to January 2023.Results Among the 536 diabetic foot patients,pathogenic bacteria were cultured from 268 cases(50.0%)of Gram-positive bacterial infections,214 cases(39.9%)of gram-negative bacterial infections,2 cases(0.4%)of fungal infections,and 52 cases(9.7%)of mixed bacterial infections.The main pathogens among gram-positive bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus,Staphylococcus epidermidis and Enterococcus faecalis.for Gram-negative bacteria,the main pathogens were Escherichia coli,Enterobacter cloacae and Klebsiella pneumoniae.There were 31 cases of multi-drug resistant bacteria,and the multi-drug resistance rate was(5.78%).Among Gram-positive bacteria,all multidrug-resistant strains were Staphylococcus aureus,while among Gram-negative bacteria,the multi-drug resistant strains included Acinetobacter baumannii(1 case),Klebsiella pneumoniae(2 cases),Proteus common(2 cases),Pseudomonas aeruginosa(5 cases),Proteus mirabilis(1 case)and Enterobacter cloacae(1 case).The 536 patients were divided into Wagner grade 1 and 2 groups(78 cases),Wagner grade 3 group(274 cases),and Wagner grade 4 and 5 groups(184 cases).There were 73 cases of single bacterial infections and 5 cases of mixed bacterial infections in Wagner grade 1 and 2 group,including 51 cases(65.4%)of gram-positive bacteria,21 cases(26.9%)of gram-negative bacteria and 1 case(1.3%)of fungi.There were 248 cases of single bacterial infections and 26 cases of mixed bacterial infections in Wagner3 group,with 144 cases(52.6%)of gram-positive bacteria,103 cases(37.6%)of gram-negative bacteria,and 1 case(0.4%)with fungi.In the Wagner grade 4 and 5 groups,there were 163 cases of single bacterial infections and 21 cases of mixed bacterial infection,with 73 strains(39.7%)of gram-positive bacteria,90 strains(48.9%)of gram-negative bacteria and 0 strain(0%)of fungi.The predominant infectious pathogens in Wagner grades 1,2 and 3 were gram-positive bacteria,while those in Wagner grades 4 and 5 patients were mainly gram-negative bacteria.There were statistically significant differences in white blood cell counts,neutrophil percentage,bacterial classification,length of hospital stay,erythrocyte sedimentation rate and albumin levels among diabetic foot patients with different Wagner grades(P<0.01).With the increase of Wagner grade,patients had higher white blood cell counts and hypersensitive C-reactive protein levels,longer hospital stays,and lower albumin levels;however,there were no statistically significant differences in age,sex,duration of diabetes,smoking history,alcohol consumption history and history of hypertension(P>0.05).Conclusion The bacterial infection situation in patients with diabetic foot ulcers is related to different Wagner grades.The higher the Wagner grades,the greater the likelihood of infection with gram-negative bacteria.Antibiotics can be reasonably selected according to the Wagner grades of patients upon admission,actively controlling infection,while also enhancing,shortening hospital stays,and reducing amputation rates,thereby improving the prognosis of diabetic foot patients.

AIM To evaluate the quality of Gegen Formula Granules.METHODS Linear calibration with two reference substances(LCTRS)was adopted in the predicting of retention time with puerarin and daidzein as internal standards.UPLC characteristic chromatograms were established.The contents of 3'-hydroxy puerarin,puerarin(internal standard),3'-methoxy puerarin,puerarin 6"-O-xyloside,puerarin apioside and daidzin were determined by quantitative determination analysis multi-components by a single marker(QAMS),after which their transfer rates were calculated.RESULTS Compared with relative retention time method,LCTRS demonstrated higher positional accuracy for characteristic peaks and wider application range for columns.There were 9 characteristic peaks in the characteristic chromatograms for 14 batches of formula granules and 15 batches of standard decoctions with the similarities of more than 0.95.The contents and transfer rates of various constituents in formula granules and standard decoctions were basically consistent.CONCLUSION The chemical constituents in formula granules and their standard decoctions of Puerariae lobatae Radix display good consistency,reliable preparation process is observable in the former.

AIM To evaluate the chemical constituent consistency in formula granules and traditional decoctions of Gouteng Jiangya Formula.METHODS HPLC characteristic chromatograms were established,the analysis was performed on a 30 ℃ thermostatic YMC-Triart C18 column(4.6 mm× 250 mm,5 μm),with the mobile phase comprising of acetonitrile-0.2％phosphoric acid flowing at 1.0 mL/min in a gradient elution manner,and the detection wavelength was set at 240 nm.Puerarin was used as an internal standard to calculate the relative correction factors of 3'-methoxy puerarin,puerarin apioside,magnolflorine,paeoniflora,daidzin,baicalin,palmatine,berberine,wogonoside and benzoylpaeoniflorin,after which the content detemination was made by quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker(QAMS).RESULTS The characteristic chromatograms of 9 batches of formula granules and 15 bacthes of traditional decoctions demonstrated the similarities of more than 0.90 at the detection wavelengths of 192,210,240,260,280,300,320,360 nm,along with similar total peak areas.Eleven constituents showed good linear relationships within their own ranges(r＞0.999 0),whose average recoveries were 97.27％-101.64％with the RSDs of 0.36％-1.11％,the result obtained by QAMS and external standard method demonstrated no significant differences(P＞0.05).The contents of various constituents in the formula granules approximated those in the traditional decoctions.CONCLUSION The consistent kinds and contents of various constituents are obversable in formula granules and traditional decoctions of Gouteng Jiangya Formula,which can provide a reference for the reasonable clinical application of this formula.

To explore the effect of Macleaya cordata extract(MCE)on growth performance and serum biochemistry of Sichuan White Geese,and to analyze its mechanism of action by network pharmacology and molecular docking technology combined with animal experiments verification.A total of 90 1-day-old healthy goslings were randomly divided into 5 groups with 18 goslings per group after 5 d of adaptive feeding.The control group(CON)was fed with basal diet,the antibiotic group(CTC)was supplemented with 450 mg/kg chlortetracycline premix,and the low MCE group(MCEL),medium MCE group(MCEM)and high MCE group(MCEH)were supple-mented with 200,300 and 400 mg/kg MCE,respectively.The experimental period was 21 d.On the basis of the above experiments,Network pharmacology and molecular docking technology were used to predict the core targets and signaling pathways of MCE to promote geese growth from the levels of antioxidant,immune and apoptosis,and the expression levels of the core target genes were detected by Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR.The results showed that compared with the CON group,MCE supplementation could increase the average daily weight gain,decrease the ratio of feed to gain,significantly increase the contents of serum GH,T3,T4,TP and ALB(P＜0.05),and significantly decrease the contents of serum AST and TG(P＜0.05).Network pharmacology analysis predicted 2 active ingredient and 237 active ingredient targets,and concluded that the mechanism of MCE promoting the growth of Sichuan White Geese may be related to the role of 5 key targets such as SRC,HSP90AA1,CASP3,ESR1 and MAPK14,and the action of MAPK,apop-tosis and other signaling pathways.Molecular docking results showed that the active ingredients of sanguinarine and chelerythrine in MCE could act through MAPK14.The validation results of core targets showed that MCE could significantly reduce the mRNA expression levels of CytC,CASP2,CASP3 and CASP9 in spleen(P＜0.05)and significantly increase the mRNA expression levels of Mcl-1(P＜0.05).These results indicated that MCE could promote the growth performance of Si-chuan White Geese by regulating apoptosis,promoting the secretion of serum growth-related hor-mones and improving biochemical indicators.

High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), when released extracellularly, plays a pivotal role in the development of spinal cord synapses and exacerbates autoimmune diseases within the central nervous system. In experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a condition that models multiple sclerosis, the levels of extracellular HMGB1 and interleukin-33 (IL-33) have been found to be inversely correlated. However, the mechanism by which IL-33 deficiency enhances HMGB1 release during EAE remains elusive. Our study elucidates a potential signaling pathway whereby the absence of IL-33 leads to increased binding of P300/CBP-associated factor with HMGB1 in the nuclei of astrocytes, upregulating HMGB1 acetylation and promoting its release from astrocyte nuclei in the spinal cord of EAE mice. Conversely, the addition of IL-33 counteracts the TNF-α-induced increase in HMGB1 and acetylated HMGB1 levels in primary astrocytes. These findings underscore the potential of IL-33-associated signaling pathways as a therapeutic target for EAE treatment.
Animals ; Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/metabolism* ; Astrocytes/metabolism* ; Interleukin-33/metabolism* ; HMGB1 Protein/metabolism* ; Acetylation ; Mice, Knockout ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; p300-CBP Transcription Factors/metabolism* ; Mice ; Spinal Cord/metabolism* ; Cells, Cultured ; Female ; Signal Transduction

In recent years,the incidence of heat-related diseases has been on a steady upward trend,which is closely associated with environmental factors such as climate change and air pollution.Exposure to a hot environment and/or strenuous physical activities can progress to heat stroke(HS),an acute disease that can lead to death.Current research indicates that gut injury occupies the most crucial initiating position in the pathophysiological changes and pathogenesis of HS.Probiotics can reduce the incidence and mortality of HS through maintaining the health of the gut microbiota,regulating the intestinal immune system,and other effects.In addition,the gut microbiota can construct axis systems to interact with multiple organs such as the liver,lungs,and brain,which is of great significance for alleviating the damage to distant organs caused by HS.This paper reviews the regulation of the gut microbiota by probiotics to improve the intestinal heat tolerance ability and barrier function,aiming to provide references for the prevention and treatment of heat stroke in clinical practice.

Aim To elucidate whether Astragaloside Ⅳcould ameliorate pathological myocardial hypertrophy and fibrosis via the EGR1-SIRT1-PPARα-SCAD signa-ling pathway in TAC mice.Methods After randomi-zing mice into groups,the Sham+AS-Ⅳ group and TAC+AS-Ⅳ group were intragastrically administered 20 mg·kg-1AS-Ⅳ once daily,whereas the Sham+NS group and TAC+NS group were given equivalent saline.Six weeks post-surgery,an evaluation of cardiac function was conducted,heart weight index was compu-ted,morphological alterations in heart were noted,vari-ations in collagen and myocardial hypertrophy indexes were analyzed,ATP content,free fatty acid content,hydroxyproline content,SCAD expression,and enzyme activity were measured,and an initial investigation into the protein expression of EGR1-SIRT1-PPARα-SCAD in myocardial tissues was undertaken.Results After AS-Ⅳ intervention,the heart weight index of TAC mice decreased(P＜0.01),LVAWd,LVAWs,LVPWd and LVPWs values decreased(P＜0.01,P＜0.05),EF％and FS％values increased(all P＜0.01),myocardial hypertrophy markers and collagen area decreased,FFA content,HYP content and collagen expression de-creased(all P＜0.01),SCAD enzyme activity and ex-pression increased(P＜0.01,P＜0.05),and ATP content increased(P＜0.01).The expression of EGR1 protein decreased,and the expression of SIRT1 and PPARα protein increased(all P＜0.01).Conclu-sions AS-Ⅳ may improve fatty acid oxidation via the EGR1-SIRT1-PPARα-SCAD signaling pathway,thereby ameliorating pathological myocardial hypertrophy and fibrosis in TAC model mice.