Anticipatory anxiety is a negative emotion that arises when individuals encounter potential threats or uncertainties in the future. It is the core symptom of a variety of anxiety disorders, and is closely associated with the occurrence, severity, treatment outcome, and prognosis of anxiety disorders, which has garnered a growing amount of focus in clinical practice. Nevertheless, scientific research on anticipatory anxiety continues to face obstacles such as unclear pathological mechanisms, the absence of simple and consistent self-assessment tools, and effective interventions. To improve understanding of the role of anticipatory anxiety in the diagnosis and treatment of anxiety disorders, this study reviews pertinent domestic and international literature, and briefly introduces the concept, assessment and measurement, activation paradigm, pathological mechanisms, and interventions of anticipatory anxiety.

Anticipatory anxiety is a negative emotion that arises when individuals encounter potential threats or uncertainties in the future. It is the core symptom of a variety of anxiety disorders, and is closely associated with the occurrence, severity, treatment outcome, and prognosis of anxiety disorders, which has garnered a growing amount of focus in clinical practice. Nevertheless, scientific research on anticipatory anxiety continues to face obstacles such as unclear pathological mechanisms, the absence of simple and consistent self-assessment tools, and effective interventions. To improve understanding of the role of anticipatory anxiety in the diagnosis and treatment of anxiety disorders, this study reviews pertinent domestic and international literature, and briefly introduces the concept, assessment and measurement, activation paradigm, pathological mechanisms, and interventions of anticipatory anxiety.

Hypercalciuria, as a common clinical feature of kidney stones, is a common feature of hereditary diseases such as idiopathic hypercalciuria, autosomal dominant hypocalcaemia, Bartter's syndrome, Dent disease, hereditary hypophosphataemic rickets with hypercalciuria, infantile hypercalcaemia, familial hypomagnesemia with hypercalciuria and nephrocalcinosis, hereditary distal renal tubular acidosis, However, the clinical phenotypes and genotypes of these hypercalciuric kidney stones have their own characteristics. We summarized the results of recent genetic studies on hypercalciuria to promote clinical screening, diagnosis and reasonable treatment.

Objective:To study the expression characteristics of myocardial strain index after the abnormal origin of the left coronary artery of the pulmonary artery in children was repaired.Methods:The data of 30 children (study group) with abnormal origin of pulmonary artery left coronary artery repair from August 2017 to August 2021 were analyzed. In addition, healthy children during the same period were selected as the control group, and the study group was compared before and after treatment and the control group. Circumferential and radial peak myocardial strain index, post-contraction strain index.Results:The longitudinal, circumferential, and radial overall peak strain indexes of the study group before and after treatment were significantly lower than those of the control group, and the longitudinal, circumferential, and radial overall peak strain indexes of the study group after treatment were significantly higher than those before treatment ( P<0.05); The longitudinal, circumferential, and radial peak strain indexes of the study group before treatment were significantly lower than those of the control group. After treatment in the study group, the middle section of the longitudinal inferior wall, the middle section of the anterior wall, the basal section of the anterior wall, the apex, and the circumferential direction were significantly lower The peak strain index of the basal segment of the inferior wall and the middle segment of the inferior wall was significantly lower than that of the control group; and the longitudinal, circumferential, and radial peak strain indexes of the study group after treatment were significantly higher than those before treatment ( P<0.05); the study group children before treatment Longitudinal, circumferential, and radial PSI indexes were significantly lower than those of the control group. After treatment, the study group was treated in the longitudinal inferior wall, septal apical segment, circumferential inferior wall basal segment, inferior wall middle segment, and radial PSI anterior wall basal segment, apex. The part was significantly higher than that of the control group; and the longitudinal, circumferential, and radial PSI of the study group after treatment were significantly lower than before treatment ( P<0.05). Conclusion:After ALCAPA repair, the overall and regional strain and overall synchronization are improved, indicating that the resting myocardium has recovered, but the strain of certain segments supplied by the abnormal left coronary artery fails to normalize after ALCAPA repair. Persistent myocardial injury is consistent, which can provide some guidance for the prognosis assessment of children with ALCAPA.

OBJECTIVETo analyze interpersonal sensitivity level and influencing factors among patients in methadone maintenance treatment.

METHODSFrom 2010 June to 2011 June, the research was performed in Center of Methadone Maintenance Treatment of Nanjing Baixia District Hospital. A total of 272 methadone maintenance treatment was studied using a self-designed questionnaire, interpersonal sensitivity scale in symptom check list (SCL-90), self-rating depression scale (SDS), self-rating anxiety scale (SAS). If interpersonal sensitivity level ≥ 2 points, it was positive. In this study, through independent sample t test, analysis of the social demographic characteristics, depression and anxiety, interpersonal sensitivity level. Non conditional logistic regression analysis was used to explore a variety of factors, and the relationship of these factors with interpersonal sensitivity.

RESULTSThe depression score, the anxiety score and the level of interpersonal relationship sensitivity in 272 methadone maintenance treatment (1.65 ± 0.51, 47.66 ± 8.58, 42.38 ± 9.40) was higher than the national norm (1.65 ± 0.51, 41.88 ± 10.57, 29.78 ± 0.46) (t values were 8.23, 17.63 and 22.27, respectively; all P values < 0.001). In 272 methadone maintenance treatment, the percentage of men was 75.0% (204/272) and the percentage of women was 25.0% (68/272). SDS score of male and female was (48.38 ± 8.30) and (45.90 ± 9.34) points (t = 5.67, P = 0.037); Aged 20-29, 30-39, 40-49 and ≥ 50 years old group, SDS scores were (48.26 ± 7.59), (47.73 ± 8.38), (47.79 ± 9.22) and (48.09 ± 6.33) points (F = 3.90, P = 0.046); According to the drug's time, divided into 1-3, 4-6 and ≥ 7 years group, SDS scores were (45.92 ± 7.47), (47.41 ± 7.57) and (48.07 ± 8.57) points (F = 4.49, = 0.039). SAS score of male and female was (41.21 ± 9.53) and (42.91 ± 9.42) points (t = 2.23, P = 0.043). The positive rate of interpersonal sensitivity was 47.1% (128/272). Multivariate analysis showed that, with SDS and SAS scores increased by 1, respectively, interpersonal sensitivity increased 23.23 (8.62-96.68) and 11.97 (6.42-19.27) points.

CONCLUSIONInterpersonal sensitivity level in methadone maintenance treatment was higher than normal and depression; anxiety and depression both were the risk factors of interpersonal sensitivity level.

Adult ; Anxiety ; Depression ; Female ; Humans ; Interpersonal Relations ; Male ; Methadone ; therapeutic use ; Middle Aged ; Opiate Substitution Treatment ; psychology ; Risk Factors ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Young Adult

Objective To analyze interpersonal sensitivity level and influencing factors among patients in methadone maintenance treatment. Methods From 2010 June to 2011 June, the research was performed in Center of Methadone Maintenance Treatment of Nanjing Baixia District Hospital. A total of 272 methadone maintenance treatment was studied using a self-designed questionnaire, interpersonal sensitivity scale in symptom check list (SCL-90), self-rating depression scale (SDS), self-rating anxiety scale (SAS). If interpersonal sensitivity level ≥2 points, it was positive. In this study, through independent sample t test, analysis of the social demographic characteristics, depression and anxiety, interpersonal sensitivity level. Non conditional logistic regression analysis was used to explore a variety of factors, and the relationship of these factors with interpersonal sensitivity. Results The depression score, the anxiety score and the level of interpersonal relationship sensitivity in 272 methadone maintenance treatment (1.65 ± 0.51, 47.66 ± 8.58, 42.38 ± 9.40) was higher than the national norm(1.65 ± 0.51,41.88 ± 10.57, 29.78 ± 0.46) (t values were 8.23, 17.63 and 22.27, respectively; all P values<0.001). In 272 methadone maintenance treatment, the percentage of men was 75.0% (204/272) and the percentage of women was 25.0% (68/272). SDS score of male and female was (48.38 ± 8.30) and (45.90 ± 9.34) points (t=5.67,P=0.037);Aged 20-29, 30-39, 40-49 and ≥50 years old group, SDS scores were (48.26 ± 7.59), (47.73 ± 8.38), (47.79 ± 9.22) and (48.09 ± 6.33) points (F=3.90, P=0.046); According to the drug's time ,divided into 1-3, 4-6 and ≥7 years group, SDS scores were (45.92 ± 7.47), (47.41 ± 7.57) and (48.07 ± 8.57) points (F=4.49,=0.039). SAS score of male and female was (41.21 ± 9.53) and (42.91 ± 9.42) points (t=2.23, P=0.043). The positive rate of interpersonal sensitivity was 47.1%(128/272). Multivariate analysis showed that, with SDS and SAS scores increased by 1, respectively, interpersonal sensitivity increased 23.23 (8.62-96.68) and 11.97 (6.42-19.27)points. Conclusion Interpersonal sensitivity level in methadone maintenance treatment was higher than normal and depression;anxiety and depression both were the risk factors of interpersonal sensitivity level.

Objective To analyze interpersonal sensitivity level and influencing factors among patients in methadone maintenance treatment. Methods From 2010 June to 2011 June, the research was performed in Center of Methadone Maintenance Treatment of Nanjing Baixia District Hospital. A total of 272 methadone maintenance treatment was studied using a self-designed questionnaire, interpersonal sensitivity scale in symptom check list (SCL-90), self-rating depression scale (SDS), self-rating anxiety scale (SAS). If interpersonal sensitivity level ≥2 points, it was positive. In this study, through independent sample t test, analysis of the social demographic characteristics, depression and anxiety, interpersonal sensitivity level. Non conditional logistic regression analysis was used to explore a variety of factors, and the relationship of these factors with interpersonal sensitivity. Results The depression score, the anxiety score and the level of interpersonal relationship sensitivity in 272 methadone maintenance treatment (1.65 ± 0.51, 47.66 ± 8.58, 42.38 ± 9.40) was higher than the national norm(1.65 ± 0.51,41.88 ± 10.57, 29.78 ± 0.46) (t values were 8.23, 17.63 and 22.27, respectively; all P values<0.001). In 272 methadone maintenance treatment, the percentage of men was 75.0% (204/272) and the percentage of women was 25.0% (68/272). SDS score of male and female was (48.38 ± 8.30) and (45.90 ± 9.34) points (t=5.67,P=0.037);Aged 20-29, 30-39, 40-49 and ≥50 years old group, SDS scores were (48.26 ± 7.59), (47.73 ± 8.38), (47.79 ± 9.22) and (48.09 ± 6.33) points (F=3.90, P=0.046); According to the drug's time ,divided into 1-3, 4-6 and ≥7 years group, SDS scores were (45.92 ± 7.47), (47.41 ± 7.57) and (48.07 ± 8.57) points (F=4.49,=0.039). SAS score of male and female was (41.21 ± 9.53) and (42.91 ± 9.42) points (t=2.23, P=0.043). The positive rate of interpersonal sensitivity was 47.1%(128/272). Multivariate analysis showed that, with SDS and SAS scores increased by 1, respectively, interpersonal sensitivity increased 23.23 (8.62-96.68) and 11.97 (6.42-19.27)points. Conclusion Interpersonal sensitivity level in methadone maintenance treatment was higher than normal and depression;anxiety and depression both were the risk factors of interpersonal sensitivity level.

To analyze the relationship between obesity with related measurable indicators and insulin resistance among the residents over 50-year-old in Wuxi area.The questionnaire survey,physical examination,and relevant biochemical measurements as well as gender,age,height,body w eight,waist circumference,and hip circumference were obtained.The prevalence of obesity was 11.95％ of which 57.24％ were with central obesity,and the prevalence in male was higher than that in female(P＜0.05).With inereasing body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference(WC),the prevalence of insulin resistance increased gradually (P ＜ 0.05).Meanwhile,With the increasing HOMA-IR,the prevalence of obesity and central obesity also gradually increased (P＜0.05).BMI,WC,and waist-to-hip ratio can effectively predict insulin resistance.The cut-off point of waist circumference was 87.5 cm for male,and 84 cm for female.At the same level of body mass index,metabolic measurements in central obesity group were higher than those of non-central obesity group with the same body mass index,especially in normal weight group.The related metabolic measurements of metabolic obesity but normal weight group were mostly higher than metabolically healthy but obese group,and there were statistically significant differences in fasting blood glucose,fasting insulin,HOMA-IR and HOMA-β.Obesity,especially central obesity,is closely related to insulin resistance among residents over 50-year-old in Wuxi area.Meanwhile,waist circumference may effectively predict insulin resistance and may serve as a parameter in the occurrence of metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases.

Objective To explore the clinical outcomes of anterior plate fixation through transoral approach in the treatment of unstable atlas fractures.Methods From March 2004 to May 2010,20 patients with unstable atlas fractures were treated by anterior plate fixation through transoral approach,including 12 males and 8 females,aged from 23 to 68 years (average,47.7±13.9 years).Of the 20 cases of unstable atlas fractures,4 cases were classified as anterior 1/2 Jefferson fracture,8 cases as 1/2 ring Jefferson fracture,and 8 cases as anterior 3/4 ring Jefferson fracture.The preoperative average VAS scores were 6.0±1.3 points,ranged from 4 to 8 points.Clinical and imaging examinations were performed during follow-up period to evaluate the outcomes.Results All patients were followed up for 12 to 81 months,with an average of 48.5±20.0 months.There were no screw loosing and breakage,no plate displacement,and no spinal cord and vertebral artery injury during operation.A total of 20 plates were placed and all 40 screws were inserted into atlas lateral mass.Computed tomography scans demonstrated 2 screws were placed too close to the vertebral artery canal,but without clinical consequences.The postoperative VAS scores were from 0 to 3 points with an average of 1.3±1.0 points.Static and dynamic films 6 months after surgery demonstrated that fusion was achieved in all cases.Atlantoaxial rotational function was restored satisfactorily.No plate-related complication was observed in all patients in the whole follow-up period.Conclusion Anterior plate fixation through transoral approach is an effective method for management of unstable atlas fractures,which has advantages such as solid bony fusion and low incidence of complication.

Objective To investigate the preliminary clinical application of anterior pedicle screws in treatment of the lower cervical spine injuries. Methods The study involved 22 patients with lower cervical spine injuries treated with anterior pedicle screw technique from January 2009 to December 2011.X-ray and CT images of the patients were taken postoperatively to evaluate whether the position,orientation and length of the screws were appropriate and whether there involved pedicle cortex perforation,transverse foramen or spinal canal invasion.MRI was also performed to ascertain the situation of decompression,the formation of epidural hematoma and the degeneration of cervical spinal cord.The improvement of JOA score was compared statistically. Results All the patients were followed up for 3-36 months ( mean,15.5 months).A total of 44 anterior lower cervical screws were implanted and all screws were inserted smoothly.All the patients had bone healing after average 4.5 months,which showed no loosening,prolapse or breakage of the screws or no loosening of the plate.One patient showed hoarseness postoperatively,which was probably due to the long-term distraction of recurrent laryngeal nerve.The symptom disappeared at around three weeks after neurotrophic support.Two patients complained of dysphagia postoperatively,and were informed of keeping a soft diet.The symptom was remarkably alleviated after three months or so.The X-ray films indicated satisfactory position of the implanted screws.Before discharge,the transaxial CT images showed that two screws perforated the medial pedicle cortex ( 1 ° ) and that two screws perforated the lateral cortex (1 °) and affected the medial margin of the transverse foramen.Before discharge,the MRI indicated obvious alleviation of the anterior spinal cord compression in all patients and a small amount of anterior epidural hematoma in four patients,with no obvious spinal cord compression.At 12 months after operation,the MRI showed significant improvement of spinal cord degeneration in three patients.JOA score was increased from preoperative (8.5 ± 0.7) to ( 14.5 ± 0.8 ) before discharge (P ＜0.01 ).JOA score was (15.7 ±0.7) at six months postoperatively,which was significantly improved as compared with that before discharge. Conclusions Anterior pedicle screw fixation is a reliable and safe method for reconstruction of the anterior lower cervical injuries.Surgical indications should be strictly controlled in its clinical application.