Objective:To explore the chain mediating role of positive coping and health literacy in the relationship between family function and social frailty in patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR) .Methods:A convenience sampling method was used to recruit 320 DR patients who visited the ophthalmology outpatient clinic of Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, from June 2023 to June 2024. Participants completed a general information questionnaire, Family Assessment Device (FAD), Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire (SCSQ), Health Literacy Management Scale (HeLMS), and Social Vulnerability Index (SVI). Spearman correlation analysis was used to examine the pairwise correlations between family function, positive coping, health literacy, and social frailty. The chain mediation model was tested using Model 6 of the PROCESS macro in SPSS 3.5. A total of 320 questionnaires were distributed, and 312 were collected. After excluding those with more than 10% missing items or regular response patterns, 302 valid questionnaires were analyzed, yielding a valid response rate of 94.38% (302/320) .Results:Among the 302 DR patients, the mean scores were as follows: FAD (154.26±9.79), positive coping (18.66±5.21), HeLMS (81.38±10.09), and SVI [13.50 (11.50, 16.00) ]. Univariate analysis revealed that age, gender, education level, employment status, and diabetes duration were significant influencing factors of social frailty ( P<0.05). Spearman correlation analysis showed that family function, positive coping, health literacy, and social frailty were all significantly correlated with each other ( P<0.01). Mediation analysis indicated that family function positively predicted the level of social frailty, with a direct effect value of 0.128, accounting for 65.64% of the total effect. Positive coping and health literacy played a mediating role through three pathways: family function→positive coping→social frailty (effect=0.037, 18.97% of the total effect) ; family function→health literacy→social frailty (effect=0.023, 11.80%) ; and family function→positive coping→health literacy→social frailty (effect=0.007, 3.59%). The total indirect effect was 0.067, accounting for 34.36% of the total effect. Conclusions:Family function affects the level of social frailty in DR patients both directly and indirectly through the mediating roles of positive coping and health literacy. Interventions targeting family function improvement, enhancement of positive coping strategies, and health literacy promotion may help reduce social frailty in this population.

BACKGROUND: Hypertension is a serious chronic disease that can significantly lead to various cardiovascular diseases, affecting vital organs such as the heart, brain, and kidneys. Our goal is to predict the risk of new onset hypertension using machine learning algorithms and identify the characteristics of patients with new onset hypertension. METHODS: We analyzed data from the 2011 China Health and Nutrition Survey cohort of individuals who were not hypertensive at baseline and had follow-up results available for prediction by 2015. We tested and evaluated the performance of four traditional machine learning algorithms commonly used in epidemiological studies: Logistic Regression, Support Vector Machine, XGBoost, LightGBM, and two deep learning algorithms: TabNet and AMFormer model. We modeled using 16 and 29 features, respectively. SHAP values were applied to select key features associated with new onset hypertension. RESULTS: A total of 4,982 participants were included in the analysis, of whom 1,017 developed hypertension during the 4-year follow-up. Among the 16-feature models, Logistic Regression had the highest AUC of 0.784(0.775∼0.806). In the 29-feature prediction models, AMFormer performed the best with an AUC of 0.802(0.795∼0.820), and also scored the highest in MCC (0.417, 95%CI: 0.400∼0.434) and F1 (0.503, 95%CI: 0.484∼0.505) metrics, demonstrating superior overall performance compared to the other models. Additionally, key features selected based on the AMFormer, such as age, province, waist circumference, urban or rural location, education level, employment status, weight, WHR, and BMI, played significant roles. CONCLUSION We used the AMFormer model for the first time in predicting new onset hypertension and achieved the best results among the six algorithms tested. Key features associated with new onset hypertension can be determined through this algorithm. The practice of machine learning algorithms can further enhance the predictive efficacy of diseases and identify risk factors for diseases.
Humans ; China/epidemiology* ; Hypertension/diagnosis* ; Machine Learning ; Male ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Adult ; Nutrition Surveys ; Algorithms ; Aged ; Risk Factors

Anticipatory anxiety is a negative emotion that arises when individuals encounter potential threats or uncertainties in the future. It is the core symptom of a variety of anxiety disorders, and is closely associated with the occurrence, severity, treatment outcome, and prognosis of anxiety disorders, which has garnered a growing amount of focus in clinical practice. Nevertheless, scientific research on anticipatory anxiety continues to face obstacles such as unclear pathological mechanisms, the absence of simple and consistent self-assessment tools, and effective interventions. To improve understanding of the role of anticipatory anxiety in the diagnosis and treatment of anxiety disorders, this study reviews pertinent domestic and international literature, and briefly introduces the concept, assessment and measurement, activation paradigm, pathological mechanisms, and interventions of anticipatory anxiety.

Objective:To explore the chain mediating role of positive coping and health literacy in the relationship between family function and social frailty in patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR) .Methods:A convenience sampling method was used to recruit 320 DR patients who visited the ophthalmology outpatient clinic of Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, from June 2023 to June 2024. Participants completed a general information questionnaire, Family Assessment Device (FAD), Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire (SCSQ), Health Literacy Management Scale (HeLMS), and Social Vulnerability Index (SVI). Spearman correlation analysis was used to examine the pairwise correlations between family function, positive coping, health literacy, and social frailty. The chain mediation model was tested using Model 6 of the PROCESS macro in SPSS 3.5. A total of 320 questionnaires were distributed, and 312 were collected. After excluding those with more than 10% missing items or regular response patterns, 302 valid questionnaires were analyzed, yielding a valid response rate of 94.38% (302/320) .Results:Among the 302 DR patients, the mean scores were as follows: FAD (154.26±9.79), positive coping (18.66±5.21), HeLMS (81.38±10.09), and SVI [13.50 (11.50, 16.00) ]. Univariate analysis revealed that age, gender, education level, employment status, and diabetes duration were significant influencing factors of social frailty ( P<0.05). Spearman correlation analysis showed that family function, positive coping, health literacy, and social frailty were all significantly correlated with each other ( P<0.01). Mediation analysis indicated that family function positively predicted the level of social frailty, with a direct effect value of 0.128, accounting for 65.64% of the total effect. Positive coping and health literacy played a mediating role through three pathways: family function→positive coping→social frailty (effect=0.037, 18.97% of the total effect) ; family function→health literacy→social frailty (effect=0.023, 11.80%) ; and family function→positive coping→health literacy→social frailty (effect=0.007, 3.59%). The total indirect effect was 0.067, accounting for 34.36% of the total effect. Conclusions:Family function affects the level of social frailty in DR patients both directly and indirectly through the mediating roles of positive coping and health literacy. Interventions targeting family function improvement, enhancement of positive coping strategies, and health literacy promotion may help reduce social frailty in this population.

Anticipatory anxiety is a negative emotion that arises when individuals encounter potential threats or uncertainties in the future. It is the core symptom of a variety of anxiety disorders, and is closely associated with the occurrence, severity, treatment outcome, and prognosis of anxiety disorders, which has garnered a growing amount of focus in clinical practice. Nevertheless, scientific research on anticipatory anxiety continues to face obstacles such as unclear pathological mechanisms, the absence of simple and consistent self-assessment tools, and effective interventions. To improve understanding of the role of anticipatory anxiety in the diagnosis and treatment of anxiety disorders, this study reviews pertinent domestic and international literature, and briefly introduces the concept, assessment and measurement, activation paradigm, pathological mechanisms, and interventions of anticipatory anxiety.

Rumination is a pathological habitual thinking pattern commonly observed in various mental disorders. It is closely associated with the severity of symptoms, treatment outcomes, and social functioning outcomes in conditions such as depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. In recent years, rumination has become a focal point in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders. However, research on rumination still faces challenges, including conceptual ambiguity, lack of consistent assessment tools, unclear pathological mechanisms, and a shortage of effective intervention methods. This paper conducts a comprehensive review by examining relevant domestic and international literature to enhance our understanding of rumination across different mental disorders. The review encompasses the concepts, assessments, pathological mechanisms, and intervention methods of rumination, aiming to provide insights and references for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of rumination.

Rumination is a pathological habitual thinking pattern commonly observed in various mental disorders. It is closely associated with the severity of symptoms, treatment outcomes, and social functioning outcomes in conditions such as depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. In recent years, rumination has become a focal point in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders. However, research on rumination still faces challenges, including conceptual ambiguity, lack of consistent assessment tools, unclear pathological mechanisms, and a shortage of effective intervention methods. This paper conducts a comprehensive review by examining relevant domestic and international literature to enhance our understanding of rumination across different mental disorders. The review encompasses the concepts, assessments, pathological mechanisms, and intervention methods of rumination, aiming to provide insights and references for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of rumination.

Hypercalciuria, as a common clinical feature of kidney stones, is a common feature of hereditary diseases such as idiopathic hypercalciuria, autosomal dominant hypocalcaemia, Bartter's syndrome, Dent disease, hereditary hypophosphataemic rickets with hypercalciuria, infantile hypercalcaemia, familial hypomagnesemia with hypercalciuria and nephrocalcinosis, hereditary distal renal tubular acidosis, However, the clinical phenotypes and genotypes of these hypercalciuric kidney stones have their own characteristics. We summarized the results of recent genetic studies on hypercalciuria to promote clinical screening, diagnosis and reasonable treatment.

Objective:To study the expression characteristics of myocardial strain index after the abnormal origin of the left coronary artery of the pulmonary artery in children was repaired.Methods:The data of 30 children (study group) with abnormal origin of pulmonary artery left coronary artery repair from August 2017 to August 2021 were analyzed. In addition, healthy children during the same period were selected as the control group, and the study group was compared before and after treatment and the control group. Circumferential and radial peak myocardial strain index, post-contraction strain index.Results:The longitudinal, circumferential, and radial overall peak strain indexes of the study group before and after treatment were significantly lower than those of the control group, and the longitudinal, circumferential, and radial overall peak strain indexes of the study group after treatment were significantly higher than those before treatment ( P<0.05); The longitudinal, circumferential, and radial peak strain indexes of the study group before treatment were significantly lower than those of the control group. After treatment in the study group, the middle section of the longitudinal inferior wall, the middle section of the anterior wall, the basal section of the anterior wall, the apex, and the circumferential direction were significantly lower The peak strain index of the basal segment of the inferior wall and the middle segment of the inferior wall was significantly lower than that of the control group; and the longitudinal, circumferential, and radial peak strain indexes of the study group after treatment were significantly higher than those before treatment ( P<0.05); the study group children before treatment Longitudinal, circumferential, and radial PSI indexes were significantly lower than those of the control group. After treatment, the study group was treated in the longitudinal inferior wall, septal apical segment, circumferential inferior wall basal segment, inferior wall middle segment, and radial PSI anterior wall basal segment, apex. The part was significantly higher than that of the control group; and the longitudinal, circumferential, and radial PSI of the study group after treatment were significantly lower than before treatment ( P<0.05). Conclusion:After ALCAPA repair, the overall and regional strain and overall synchronization are improved, indicating that the resting myocardium has recovered, but the strain of certain segments supplied by the abnormal left coronary artery fails to normalize after ALCAPA repair. Persistent myocardial injury is consistent, which can provide some guidance for the prognosis assessment of children with ALCAPA.