Objective To observe the new therapeutic effects and mechanisms of baicalin on diabetic foot ulcer(DFU)rats.Methods SD rats were randomly divided into a control group,a model group,a low-dose baicalin group,a high-dose baicalin group,and a high-dose baicalin+YC-1[hypoxia-inducible factor 1α(HIF-1α)inhibitor]group.Except for the normal group,the rats in all other groups were constructed to DFU model.After successful modeling,the medication was performed in each group.After treatment,fasting blood glucose level was measured,and the wound healing rate was calculated.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was used to detect the levels of interleukin(IL)-10,tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α,and IL-6 in wound granulation tissue.The hydroxylamine method was used to measure superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity,the ammonium molybdate method was used to measure catalase(CAT)activity,and the thiobarbituric acid method was used to measure malondialdehyde(MDA)content in wound granulation tissue.Hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining was used to observe the morphology of wound granulation tissue.Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the positive expression of CD31 protein in wound granulation tissue.Western Blot was used to measure the protein expression levels of advanced glycation end products(AGEs),receptor for advanced glycation end products(RAGE),matrix metalloproteinase 2(MMP-2),HIF-1α,vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2(VEGFR-2)in wound granulation tissue.Results Compared with the control group,the model group showed reduced angiogenesis and obvious inflanmatory cell infiltration in wound granulation tissue,increased fasting blood glucose level,levels of TNF-α and IL-6,MDA content,and protein expressions of AGEs,RAGE,and MMP-2 in wound tissue,as well as decreased wound healing rate,CD31-positive expression rate,IL-10 level,SOD and CAT activities,and protein expressions of HIF-1α,VEGF,and VEGFR-2,with statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).Compared with the model group,the low-and high-dose baicalin groups showed significantly improved wound granulation tissue morphology,reduced fasting blood glucose level,levels of TNF-α and IL-6,MDA content,and protein expressions of AGEs,RAGE,and MMP-2 in wound tissue,as well as increased wound healing rate,CD31-positive expression rate,IL-10 level,SOD and CAT activities,and protein expressions of HIF-1α,VEGF,and VEGFR-2,with statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).YC-1 partially reversed the improvement effects of baicalin on angiogenesis and inflammation in DFU rats(P＜0.05).Conclusion Baicalin can reduce inflammation and oxidative stress,promote angiogenesis,and accelerate wound healing in DFU rats by activating the HIF-1α/VEGF signaling pathway.

Objective To observe the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of acupuncture at Renying(ST9)on hypertension.Methods Spontaneously hypertensive rats(SHRs)were randomly divided into a model group and a Renying group 6 rats in each group,with six Wistar-Kyoto(WKY)rats serving as the blank control group.The Renying group received bilateral acupuncture at Renying point once daily for 5 consecutive days,followed by a 2-day rest,for a total of 4 weeks.Systolic and diastolic blood pressures were measured via tail-cuff plethysmography before intervention and at weeks 1,2,3,and 4 after intervention.After the intervention,fecal and plasma samples were collected.16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing was used to analyze gut microbiota composition,and 1H NMR spectroscopy was employed to detect plasma metabolite differences.Results(1)Before intervention,systolic and diastolic blood pressures in the model and Renying groups were significantly higher than those in the blank group(P＜0.05).After acupuncture intervention,the Renying group exhibited significantly lower systolic and diastolic blood pressures than the model group at weeks 2,3,and 4(P＜0.05).After 4 weeks,the model group showed significantly increased systolic and diastolic blood pressures compared with baseline(P＜0.05),whereas the Renying group exhibited significantly decreased pressures(P＜0.05).Throughout the intervention,the Renying group demonstrated smaller blood pressure fluctuations and more stable control than the model group.(2)Microbiota analysis:Compared with the blank group,the model group had 39 fewer unique operational taxonomic units(OTUs),whereas the Renying group showed increased unique OTUs,approaching levels observed in the blank group.(3)NMDS analysis of β-diversity revealed that acupuncture significantly altered gut microbial diversity in SHRs.At the phylum level,Firmicutes,Bacteroidetes,Verrucomicrobia,and Patescibacteria dominated gut microbiota composition.Patescibacteria abundance was significantly increased in the model group but decreased in the Renying group(P＜0.05).At the genus level,Bacteroides and Faecalibacterium abundances were reduced in the model group but higher in the Renying group(P＜0.05).(4)LEfSe analysis indicated significant enrichment of Clostridia_vadinBB60_group and Alistipes_sp_CHKCI003 in the Renying group,whereas unclassified_Clostridia_UCG_014 was more prevalent in the model group.(5)OSC-PLS analysis of 1H NMR-detected plasma metabolites revealed significant intergroup differences,with Renying acupuncture altering acetate and trimethylamine N-oxide(TMAO)levels.Conclusion Acupuncture at Renying points significantly reduces systolic and diastolic blood pressures in SHRs,possibly by modulating gut microbiota structure,ameliorating microbial dysbiosis,promoting beneficial bacterial growth,suppressing harmful bacteria,and regulating acetate-and TMAO-related metabolic pathways.

Objective To analyze the differences of dosimetry and positioning error between HyperArc and non-coplanar VMAT in patients with brain metastases,provide references for clinical practice.Methods Forty patients with brain metastases were selected.Among them,20 patients who received HyperArc treatment were the observation group,and 20 patients who received non-coplanar VMAT treatment were the control group.Compared the differences in conformal index(CI),gradient index(GI),homogeneity index(HI)of the two groups,as well as the positioning error in the three directions of X(head to foot),Y(left to right),Z(ab-domen to back),and the three rotation angles of Rx(rotation around the X-axis),Ry(rotation around the Y-axis),and Rz(rotation around the Z-axis).Results CI,GI and HI of the observation group were 0.927(0.890,0.950),3.200(2.510,3.730)and 0.220(0.177,0.280),respectively.CI,GI and HI of the control group were 0.888(0.845,0.928),3.340(2.890,4.220)and 0.218(0.180,0.300),respectively.There was sta-tistically significant difference in CI between the two groups(P<0.05),while there was no statistically sig-nificant difference in GI and HI(P>0.05).The positioning error of X,Y,Z,Rx,Ry,and Rz in the control group were 0.118±0.084,0.133±0.112,0.226±0.142,0.930±0.767,1.330±0.869,and 0.910±0.650,respectively,while in the observation group were 0.149±0.113,0.178±0.120,0.172±0.117,1.340±0.758,1.610±0.743,and 1.420±0.832,respectively.There were statistically significant differences in all directions(P<0.05).Conclusion HyperArc performs better in the conformal degree of the target area,but the positio-ning error of Rx,Ry and Rz rotation angles is slightly inferior to that of non-coplanar VMAT.

In view of the complex adhesion and overlapping of whole heart image data on the luminance distribution,a novel adaptive geometric cutting tool for distinguished cutting or preservation of different tissues on the edge of the blade is proposed for efficiently eliminating the extra-cardiac tissues while preserving the epicardium and epicardial fat.The whole heart segmentation approach which simulate scalpel cutting and relative analysis algorithms are implemented by GPU programming.Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method can provide virtual reality for whole heart and coronary artery details in real time from complex chest volume data,and offer graphic guiding for analysis and judgment of heart diseases.The proposed cutting method can be served as a quick culling tool for the organ remnant tissues which can't be appropriately segmented using the existing algorithms.

To summarize and analyze the clinical data of one case of kidney transplantation in an HIV-positive child with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in the Department of Transplantation, the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, and to explore the safety and efficacy of kidney transplantation in HIV-positive children with ESRD. This pediatric recipient was found to be HIV-positive at birth and underwent kidney transplantation due to ESRD, with good postoperative recovery. During the 2.5-year follow-up, no rejection or rebound in HIV RNA levels was observed. The function of the transplanted kidney was good, and the quality of life was comparable to that of healthy individuals. It suggests that kidney transplantation in HIV-positive children with ESRD is safe and effective under adequate preoperative preparation and close postoperative follow-up.

Objective:To construct a biosafety evaluation index system for major emergency public health events in medical institutions.Methods:Based on previous laboratory biosafety evaluation work, relevant regulations and standards on biosafety in China were collected through literature research and expert consultations. Candidate indicators for constructing the biosafety evaluation system for major emergency public health events in medical institutions were selected, and a framework was established. Two rounds of expert questionnaires were conducted to determine the content of the index system based on experts′ evaluation, and each indicator′s relevance and importance were scored. Finally, two rounds of Delphi consultations were carried out, and the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was applied to calculate the weights of indicators.Results:The response rates for the total four rounds of questionnaire surveys were all 100%. The first two rounds focused on determining the framework, while the latter two focused on determining the weights for each indicator. The authority coefficients of the expert consultations for the two rounds of weights were 0.65 and 0.70, respectively, indicating the reliability of the research results. In the final round of survey, the Kendall′s coefficients of concordance at each level were all greater than 0.1. Through statistical testing, the P-values were all less than 0.05, indicating good coordination of expert opinions. Ultimately, we established an operational biosafety evaluation system for major emergency public health events in medical institutions, consisting of 4 primary indicators, 26 secondary indicators, and 119 tertiary indicators, with additional deduction items, bonus items, unacceptable items, and monitoring indicators.Conclusions:Based on scientific theory, a biosafety evaluation system for major emergency public health events in medical institutions was constructed, achieving the integration of routine and emergency measures. This system can be used for self-assessment of laboratory biosafety during emergency public health events, addressing the lack of unified standards in biosafety evaluation. Through regular self-assessment, it can enhance the level of biosafety management in medical institution laboratories, to realize the value of application and dissemination.

Innovative drugs are defined as new chemical entities that play a vital role in the treatment and maintenance of human health. While single-target innovative drugs have achieved notable success, they face limitations in addressing the increasingly complex and precise spectra of diseases. The advent of multi-target innovative drugs offers new opportunities, supported by a growing body of pharmacological evidence. Herbal medicines are recognized as valuable sources of multi-target therapeutics due to their proven efficacy in treating complex diseases. However, the identification and validation of such drugs from herbal sources continue to pose significant challenges. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the literature on traditional Chinese medicine, integrated medicine, chemistry, and biology from 2015 to 2025. It summarizes the strategies employed in integrating traditional Chinese and Western medicine for innovative drug development, along with successful application cases. We believe these efforts will deepen understanding of the current landscape, accelerate the discovery of multi-target innovative drugs from herbal medicine, and contribute to addressing major human health challenges.

BACKGROUND:Polyurethane materials,with their outstanding physicochemical properties,present extensive opportunities in the realm of biomedical engineering.Biomimetic design and functional modification of polyurethane nerve conduits are expected to further address the challenges of nerve regeneration and repair.OBJECTIVE:To review the current status and advancements in the application of polyurethane-based nerve conduits in the field of peripheral nerve repair.METHODS:The Chinese and English search terms consisted of"polyurethane,PU,polyurethane material,polyurethane biomaterials,nerve regeneration,peripheral nerve injury,nerve repair,nerve scaffold,nerve guidance conduit,nerve conduits."The search was conducted in databases such as PubMed,Web of Science,CNKI(China National Knowledge Infrastructure),and WanFang for articles published from 2014 to 2024.Finally,61 articles were included in the review.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Biomimetic composition is an effective strategy for enhancing the biological activity of polyurethane nerve conduits.Through structural biomimicry,polyurethane nerve conduits can be optimized to provide biological guidance cues for neural tissue regeneration.The biomechanically biomimetic polyurethane nerve conduits are likely to play a significant role in immune modulation and the promotion of axonal growth.By optimizing the conductive microenvironment of polyurethane materials,the reconstruction of neural electrical signal pathways can be facilitated.Polyurethane nerve conduits can serve as drug carriers,exerting anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects.Although the combined application of multiple design strategies can improve various aspects of damaged nerve function,the complex structure and dynamically changing pathophysiological microenvironment of nerves mean that nerve conduit design strategies still require refinement.Future advancements and innovations in nerve biomimetic design strategies hold promise for providing new insights and opportunities in the field of neural tissue engineering.

Objective To evaluate the potential of the BIBP-H fluorescent probe in the detection of the oxidative stress levels after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion(CIRI).Methods In vitro,the potential of BIBP-H probe was in detection of oxidative stress was first assessed with fluorescence imaging in rat neuroblastoma(B104)cells after L-glutamic acid stimulation.And then,the effects of edaravone and dexborneol(EDA)and glutathione(GSH)pretreatment on the fluorescence intensity were evaluated.Later,a totally of 28 male C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned into four groups:transient middle cerebral artery occlusion(tMCAO)group,EDA+tMCAO group,GSH+tMCAO group,and sham group.After 1.5 h ischemia and 12 h reperfusion,the mice were treated with BIBP-H via tail vein injection.In vivo,ex vivo,and tissue fluorescence imaging were utilized to evaluate the probe's cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury(CIRI).Results ① BIBP-H probe did not exhibit fluorescence signals in cultured B104 cells,but showed red fluorescence in B104 cells treated with L-glutamic acid.The signals significantly decreased when pretreated with EDA or GSH.② Both the sham-operated mice intravenously injected with the BIBP-H probe and the tMCAO mice without injection of the probe showed negative results in in vivo fluorescence imaging.③ tMCAO mice treated with BIBP-H exhibited red fluorescence signals in the ischemic hemisphere in vivo,with significantly reduced fluorescence intensity after EDA or GSH infusion during reperfusion ④ The fluorescence area examined with BIBP-H was consistent the cerebral infarction area detected with triphenyltertrazolium.Conclusions The BIBP-H probe effectively monitored oxidative stress levels both in vivo and in vitro,demonstrating its potential in CIRI detection.

In view of the complex adhesion and overlapping of whole heart image data on the luminance distribution,a novel adaptive geometric cutting tool for distinguished cutting or preservation of different tissues on the edge of the blade is proposed for efficiently eliminating the extra-cardiac tissues while preserving the epicardium and epicardial fat.The whole heart segmentation approach which simulate scalpel cutting and relative analysis algorithms are implemented by GPU programming.Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method can provide virtual reality for whole heart and coronary artery details in real time from complex chest volume data,and offer graphic guiding for analysis and judgment of heart diseases.The proposed cutting method can be served as a quick culling tool for the organ remnant tissues which can't be appropriately segmented using the existing algorithms.