Objective:To investigate the current status of application of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) in China, aiming to provide reference for promoting the development of this technology.Methods:From January to March 2024, a questionnaire was designed and distributed online, targeting member units of the Professional Committee of Stereotactic Radiosurgery Treatment, which covers 175 radiotherapy units in 30 provinces and regions nationwide. The survey focused on the current application of SBRT technology and its utilization in the treatment of early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). A statistical description of the survey results was presented.Results:Of 175 questionnaires distributed, a total of 130 valid responses were collected, with an effective response rate of 74.3%. A total of 81.5% (106/130) of the units had implemented SBRT technology, and 99.1% of the respondents believed it was necessary to further promote SBRT technology, yet the actual training rate was only 67.0%. SBRT equipment configuration: there were a total of 267 SBRT equipment, featuring a diverse range of types, with traditional linear accelerators as the mainstays, accounting for 76.0% ( n=203), followed by 12.0% ( n=32) for TOMO, 6.4% ( n=17) for Cyber knife, 3.7% ( n=10) for Gamma knife, and proton/heavy ion equipment at 1.5% ( n=4), respectively. The percentage of units with multi-leaf collimator leaf widths ≤0.5 cm was 93.4% (99/106). The application of SBRT: the first radiotherapy unit commenced SBRT in 2000, and this technology entered a period of rapid growth after 2015, sustaining a steady increase over the past decade; SBRT technology was mainly applied in the brain, lung, liver, bone, adrenal gland, and kidney, with application rates of 97.2%, 94.3%, 86.8%, 71.7%, 56.6%, and 27.4%, respectively, while the application rates for the pancreas, metastatic lymph nodes, and other parts were less than 5%. Current status of SBRT technology application in early-stage NSCLC: 90.6% (96/106) of units had implemented SBRT; pre-treatment multi-disciplinary diagnosis and treatment accounted for 77% (74/96); the proportion of application units for peripheral and central type lung cancer lesions both exceeded 57.3%, whereas the application rate for ultra-central type and lesions > 5 cm lung cancer was less than 30%; there was significant variability in the selection of reference guidelines, dose fractionation patterns, and the concept of central type among units. Conclusions:The development of SBRT technology in China is in a period of steady growth, but several issues such as low training rate and lack of standardization still exist. The survey results provide important reference for clinical training and promotion of SBRT technology in China.

Objective:To explore the effect of modified reed tube moxibustion based on spleen-kidney mutual assistance theory in patients with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) combined with spleen-kidney yang deficiency type of insomnia.Methods:From September 2020 to December 2022, 64 patients with CAPD combined with insomnia of spleen-kidney yang deficiency type were selected from the Department of Nephrology, Ningbo Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University by the convenience sampling method. A randomized numerical table method was used to divide study subjects into a control group and a study group, with 32 cases in each group. The control group received conventional treatment and auricular needle-embedding therapy; while the study group received traditional treatment and auricular needle-embedding therapy combined with modified reed tube moxibustion. The intervention period lasted three months. Differences in Insomnia Severity Index, Chinese medicine syndrome score, and peritoneal dialysis adequacy were compared between the two groups.Results:After intervention, the Insomnia Severity Index score of the study group was lower than those of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05). The urea clearance index and creatinine clearance rate of the study group were higher than those of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05) . Conclusions:Modified reed tube moxibustion based on spleen-kidney mutual assistance theory has a positive effect on improving insomnia symptoms and dialysis adequacy in patients with CAPD combined with insomnia of spleen-kidney yang deficiency type.

Objective:To explore the effect of modified reed tube moxibustion based on spleen-kidney mutual assistance theory in patients with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) combined with spleen-kidney yang deficiency type of insomnia.Methods:From September 2020 to December 2022, 64 patients with CAPD combined with insomnia of spleen-kidney yang deficiency type were selected from the Department of Nephrology, Ningbo Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University by the convenience sampling method. A randomized numerical table method was used to divide study subjects into a control group and a study group, with 32 cases in each group. The control group received conventional treatment and auricular needle-embedding therapy; while the study group received traditional treatment and auricular needle-embedding therapy combined with modified reed tube moxibustion. The intervention period lasted three months. Differences in Insomnia Severity Index, Chinese medicine syndrome score, and peritoneal dialysis adequacy were compared between the two groups.Results:After intervention, the Insomnia Severity Index score of the study group was lower than those of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05). The urea clearance index and creatinine clearance rate of the study group were higher than those of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05) . Conclusions:Modified reed tube moxibustion based on spleen-kidney mutual assistance theory has a positive effect on improving insomnia symptoms and dialysis adequacy in patients with CAPD combined with insomnia of spleen-kidney yang deficiency type.

Objective:To investigate the current status of application of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) in China, aiming to provide reference for promoting the development of this technology.Methods:From January to March 2024, a questionnaire was designed and distributed online, targeting member units of the Professional Committee of Stereotactic Radiosurgery Treatment, which covers 175 radiotherapy units in 30 provinces and regions nationwide. The survey focused on the current application of SBRT technology and its utilization in the treatment of early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). A statistical description of the survey results was presented.Results:Of 175 questionnaires distributed, a total of 130 valid responses were collected, with an effective response rate of 74.3%. A total of 81.5% (106/130) of the units had implemented SBRT technology, and 99.1% of the respondents believed it was necessary to further promote SBRT technology, yet the actual training rate was only 67.0%. SBRT equipment configuration: there were a total of 267 SBRT equipment, featuring a diverse range of types, with traditional linear accelerators as the mainstays, accounting for 76.0% ( n=203), followed by 12.0% ( n=32) for TOMO, 6.4% ( n=17) for Cyber knife, 3.7% ( n=10) for Gamma knife, and proton/heavy ion equipment at 1.5% ( n=4), respectively. The percentage of units with multi-leaf collimator leaf widths ≤0.5 cm was 93.4% (99/106). The application of SBRT: the first radiotherapy unit commenced SBRT in 2000, and this technology entered a period of rapid growth after 2015, sustaining a steady increase over the past decade; SBRT technology was mainly applied in the brain, lung, liver, bone, adrenal gland, and kidney, with application rates of 97.2%, 94.3%, 86.8%, 71.7%, 56.6%, and 27.4%, respectively, while the application rates for the pancreas, metastatic lymph nodes, and other parts were less than 5%. Current status of SBRT technology application in early-stage NSCLC: 90.6% (96/106) of units had implemented SBRT; pre-treatment multi-disciplinary diagnosis and treatment accounted for 77% (74/96); the proportion of application units for peripheral and central type lung cancer lesions both exceeded 57.3%, whereas the application rate for ultra-central type and lesions > 5 cm lung cancer was less than 30%; there was significant variability in the selection of reference guidelines, dose fractionation patterns, and the concept of central type among units. Conclusions:The development of SBRT technology in China is in a period of steady growth, but several issues such as low training rate and lack of standardization still exist. The survey results provide important reference for clinical training and promotion of SBRT technology in China.

Purpose To predict the 2015 American thyroid association(ATA)recurrence risk stratification based on ultrasonographic features and Hashimoto's thyroiditis(HT)-specific antibody status of papillary thyroid carcinoma(PTC)in the context of HT.Materials and Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the ultrasonographic and clinical data of 479 patients with coexisting PTC and HT,who underwent their first thyroid surgery at the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital from January 2017 to December 2019.All patients were divided in chronological order into a training group(n=327)and a validation group(n=152).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was utilized to identify independent factors associated with high recurrence risk stratification according to the ATA guidelines.Predictive models were constructed and screened,and the efficacy of these models was evaluated using the area under the curve,calibration curves and Brier scores.Results Multivariate Logistic regression analysis identified the following as independent predictive factors for high recurrence risk stratification:multifocal malignancy of nodules(OR=3.812,95％CI 1.275-11.397,P=0.017),nodule contact with the capsule(OR=8.012,95％CI 1.647-38.972,P=0.010),microcalcifications(OR=4.220,95％CI 1.302-13.678,P=0.016),an aspect ratio＞1(OR=4.017,95％CI 1.286-12.548,P=0.017),abundant nodule vascularity(OR=6.120,95％CI 2.225-16.832,P＜0.001),maximum nodule diameter ≥1 cm(OR=4.784,95％CI 1.360-16.833,P=0.015),a glandular echo characteristic of typical HT(OR=0.114,95％CI 0.039-0.330,P＜0.001),and anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody monopositivity(OR=0.088,95％CI 0.006-1.299,P=0.077).The predictive model demonstrated strong performance,as evidenced by the area under the curve of 0.942(95％CI 0.911-0.972)in the training set and 0.933(95％CI 0.878-0.990)in the validation set.Both groups exhibited well-fitting calibration curves.The Brier scores were 0.054 and 0.058 for the training and validation sets,respectively,indicating excellent predictive efficacy of the model.Conclusion The preoperative prediction model,based on ultrasonographic features combined with antibody status,demonstrates good efficacy in assessing ATA recurrence risk stratification for coexisting PTC and HT patients,which can assist clinicians in formulating treatment plans.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of urethral stent tube irrigation in preventing postoperative complications in adolescents with hypospadias.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted using the clinical data of adolescents with hypospadias treated at the Department of Urology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, from April 2016 to July 2023. Patients were divided into control group and study group according to whether urethral stent tube was inserted in urethra during operation. All surgeries were performed by the same surgeon. For two days before surgery, patients were instructed to cleanse the surgical site daily with body wash and a 5% povidone-iodine solution. In the control group, patients received postoperative care with an indwelling urinary catheter. In the study group, in addition to the urinary catheter, a urethral stent tube was placed in the posterior urethra, and postoperative urethral irrigation with saline was performed. Postoperative complications, including wound infection, urethral fistula, urethral stricture, and urethral diverticulum, were monitored. Categorical data were expressed as frequencies and percentages and were analyzed using the χ2 test or Monte Carlo-based χ2 test. Continuous data with normal distribution are presented as Mean±SD and were analyzed using the t-test. Non-normally distributed continuous data were expressed as M ( Q1, Q3) and were analyzed using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results:A total of 76 patients were enrolled in the study, with 43 patients in the control group [median age 12.9(12.2, 13.7) years, reconstructed urethral length (3.88±1.86) cm] and 33 patients in the study group [median age 12.5(11.3, 14.1) years, reconstructed urethral length (3.30±1.45)cm]. Postoperatively, 32 patients (74.4%) in the control group experienced complications, including 24 cases (55.8%) of wound infection, 16 cases (37.2%) of urethral fistula, 6 cases (14.0%) of urethral stricture, and 2 cases (4.7%) of diverticulum. In the study group, only 1 patient (3.0%) developed both wound infection and urethral fistula. The incidence of wound infection, urethral fistula, and overall complications was significantly lower in the study group than in the control group (all P<0.01). Conclusion:Postoperative urethral stent irrigation in adolescents with hypospadias significantly reduces the incidence of wound infection and urethral fistula.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of urethral stent tube irrigation in preventing postoperative complications in adolescents with hypospadias.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted using the clinical data of adolescents with hypospadias treated at the Department of Urology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, from April 2016 to July 2023. Patients were divided into control group and study group according to whether urethral stent tube was inserted in urethra during operation. All surgeries were performed by the same surgeon. For two days before surgery, patients were instructed to cleanse the surgical site daily with body wash and a 5% povidone-iodine solution. In the control group, patients received postoperative care with an indwelling urinary catheter. In the study group, in addition to the urinary catheter, a urethral stent tube was placed in the posterior urethra, and postoperative urethral irrigation with saline was performed. Postoperative complications, including wound infection, urethral fistula, urethral stricture, and urethral diverticulum, were monitored. Categorical data were expressed as frequencies and percentages and were analyzed using the χ2 test or Monte Carlo-based χ2 test. Continuous data with normal distribution are presented as Mean±SD and were analyzed using the t-test. Non-normally distributed continuous data were expressed as M ( Q1, Q3) and were analyzed using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results:A total of 76 patients were enrolled in the study, with 43 patients in the control group [median age 12.9(12.2, 13.7) years, reconstructed urethral length (3.88±1.86) cm] and 33 patients in the study group [median age 12.5(11.3, 14.1) years, reconstructed urethral length (3.30±1.45)cm]. Postoperatively, 32 patients (74.4%) in the control group experienced complications, including 24 cases (55.8%) of wound infection, 16 cases (37.2%) of urethral fistula, 6 cases (14.0%) of urethral stricture, and 2 cases (4.7%) of diverticulum. In the study group, only 1 patient (3.0%) developed both wound infection and urethral fistula. The incidence of wound infection, urethral fistula, and overall complications was significantly lower in the study group than in the control group (all P<0.01). Conclusion:Postoperative urethral stent irrigation in adolescents with hypospadias significantly reduces the incidence of wound infection and urethral fistula.

Objective To observe the value of micro flow imaging(MFI)for diagnosing closed liver trauma in pigs.Methods A self-made impactor was used to impact the liver of 15 healthy pigs under general anesthesia and establish pig models of closed liver trauma.Conventional ultrasound,MFI and contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS)were used to observe the location,extent and degree of liver trauma.Afterwards,the pigs were executed and the livers were removed,and the liver lesions were observed.According gross pathological findings,the diagnostic efficacy of MFI was analyzed.Results Gross pathology showed a total of 29 liver traumas in 15 pigs.The accuracy rate of conventional ultrasound,MFI and CEUS for diagnosing liver trauma in pigs was 37.93％(11/29),82.76％(24/29)and 96.55％(28/29),respectively.Significant difference was found between conventional ultrasound and MFI,also between conventional ultrasound and CEUS(both P＜0.05),but not between MFI and CEUS(P＞0.05).MFI showed no obvious blood flow signal in more than half pig liver trauma sites,while showed"spring like"in 1 pig and scattered blood flow signals in 5 pigs.On CEUS,liver trauma sites in pigs present as low or no perfusion,while"jet like"contrast agent overflow from the liver was noticed in 1 pig and"spring like"contrast agent overflow in 5 pigs,forming liquid dark areas around the liver or in abdominal cavity.Conclusion MFI had certain value for diagnosing closed liver trauma in pigs,hence being comparable to CEUS.

【Objective】 To explore the clinical characteristics and risk factors of renal function deterioration in children with renal dysplasia and chronic kidney disease (CKD), so as to provide a basis for the diagnosis, treatment, and management. 【Methods】 The clinical data of children with renal dysplasia complicated with CKD treated in the Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University during 2012 and 2022 were retrospectively analyzed, including the gender, age of diagnosis, growth index, concomitant malformation and complications. According to the diagnostic criteria and staging standard of KDIGO2020 guidelines, patients with disease deteriorated to CKD stage 4-5 were enrolled into the regression group. Factors affecting the deterioration of renal function were determined with Cox regression analysis. 【Results】 A total of 122 children were involved, including 66 (54.1%) with CKD stag 4-5. There were more boys than girls. Bilateral and unilateral renal dysplasia occurred in 88 (72.13%) and 34 (27.87%) cases, respectively, and 64 (52.46%) cases were complicated with other urinary diseases. There were significant differences in weight, height and body mass index (BMI) among patients with CKD stage 1-5 (P<0.01). The age of onset of CKD <10 years, BMI lower than the 3rd percentile of the same sex and age, bilateral renal dysplasia, and one or more complications of congenital renal and urinary tract abnormalities (CAKUT) were the risk factors of deterioration of renal function (P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 Renal dysplasia complicated with CKD are more common in boys, with high incidence of bilateral renal dysplasia. Bilateral renal dysplasia, age of onset of CKD <10 years, BMI lower than 3% and complications are important influencing factors of renal dysplasia in children with CKD.

Abstract: Objective To observe the phenotypic characteristics of 3 wild-type plague phages under different experimental environments, providing scientific evidence for the identification of phage biological characteristics and the study of their interaction with host bacteria in the future. Methods The sensitivity of 3 wild-type plague phages were detected by using liquid culture method, emisolid medium method and micro-liquid culture method based on OmniLog TM microbial identification system. Results The growth result based on LB liquid medium showed that the growth of plague phage 476 for 20-24 hours at both 28 ℃ and 37 ℃was better than that of plague phages 087 and 072204 at 37 ℃, and the growth of plague phages 087 was better than that of plague phages 072204 at 37 ℃. With the attenuated plague bacterium EV76 as the host bacterium, phage 476 was able to form visible plaque on double-layer agar medium for 20-20 hours at both 28 ℃ and 37 ℃, phages 087 and 072204 were only able to form opaque plaque on double-layer agar medium for 20-24 hours at 37 ℃. The growth results based on OmniLogTM system showed that when plague phage was lysed in EV76 strain at 33 ℃, the first row appeared as a straight line with a peak of no more than 100 in the 96-well microplate curve chart. As the phage quantity decreased, the dilution plate appeared with growth curve similar to EV76 strain in turn, and the color of tetrazolium dyes in the experimental wells gradually deepened as the phage number decreased and the host bacteria number increased. Therefore, it indicates that phage 476 was sensitively at both 28 ℃ and 37 ℃, while phage 087 and 072204 were temperature-dependent only at 37 ℃ to attenuated plague bacterium EV76. Conclusions The lysing ability of 3 wild-type plague phages are temperature-dependent, and the growth results are consistent under the three experimental conditions.