Objective To investigate the prevalence of scoliosis and congenital heart disease(CHD)and their correlation among children and adolescents of Drung nationality in Yunnan Province.Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted in November 2022 among all Drung school-aged children and adolescents aged 5-18 years in Gongshan Drung and Nu Autonomous County,Yunnan Province.Visual inspection,Adams for-ward flexion test,and trunk rotation angle(ATR)measurement were comprehensively used for school prelim-inary screening of scoliosis.Individuals who tested positive in the school preliminary screening underwent fur-ther X-ray examination for auxiliary diagnosis.Cardiac auscultation and echocardiography were used for school preliminary screening of CHD.The personal information of the screening subjects,the screening results,etc.were recorded.The prevalence of scoliosis and CHD among children and adolescents of the Drung nationality and the relationship between the two diseases were statistically analyzed,and the positive predictive value of school-based scoliosis screening and its influencing factors were also analyzed.Results A total of 1 036 chil-dren and adolescents of Drung nationality were enrolled,with a mean age of(10.72±3.75)years,icluding 542 males and 494 females.A total of 45 subjects tested positive for scoliosis in the school preliminary screening,with a preliminary positive rate of 4.34%.A total of 22 cases were finally diagnosed with scoliosis,with a prevalence rate of 2.12%.Among them,21 cases were idiopathic scoliosis(accounting for 95.45%),and 1 case was congenital scoliosis(accounting for 4.55%).The prevalence rate was higher in females(2.83%)than that in males(1.48%),higher in the 10 to 18-year-old group(2.30%)than that in the 5 to<10-year-old group(1.87%),and higher in the secondary school group(2.78%)than that in the primary school group(1.78%),hut there were no statistically significant differences(P>0.05).Most idiopathic scoliosis cases were mild(Cobb angle 10° to<20°,90.48%)and classified as Lenke type Ⅴ(57.14%).Two cases of CHD were confirmed,both of which were atrial septal defects,with a prevalence rate of 0.19%.The co-occurrence rate of idiopathic scoliosis and CHD was 4.76%(1/21).The positive predictive value of school-based scoliosis pre-liminary screening was only 48.89%.When the BMI was<18.5 kg/m2,the positive predictive value was sig-nificantly higher than that for BMI≥18.5 kg/m2(P<0.05).Conclusion The prevalence rate of scoliosis a-mong adolescents of the Drung ethnic group in Yunnan Province is 2.12%,predominantly idiopathic scoliosis,with Lenke type V being the most common classification.The prevalence rate of congenital heart disease is 0.19%.BMI is a significant influencing factor for the positive predictive value of school-based scoliosis prelimi-nary screening.

Objective To propose an improved scheme based on an adaptive PID control strategy for effectively optimizing the positioning accuracy and reliability of laparoscopic surgical robotic arm during practical operations.Methods The particle swarm optimization algorithm was employed to adjust the proportional(Kp),integral(Ki),and derivative(Kd)parameters of the PID controller in real-time and online.A simulation experimental platform for laparoscopic surgical robotic arm was built based on a multi-degree-of-freedom kinematic model,and verification was conducted through both typical path planning and simulated disturbance tests.High-precision sensors were used to obtain trajectory deviation data,and control experiments were carried out under the traditional PID control mode and the adaptive PID control mode.The root mean square error and response time were compared.Results The average root mean square error of trajectory tracking error and the average response time of the adaptive PID control method were lower or shorter than those of the traditional PID control method(0.853 mm vs 2.665 mm;4.34 s vs 5.64 s).Furthermore,the adaptive PID control effectively suppressed the overshoot and oscillation phenomena commonly seen in traditional PID control,demonstrating more stable and reliable overall performance.Conclusion The proposed scheme addresses the inherent limitations of traditional PID control,improves the operation accuracy and stability of laparoscopic surgical robotic arm in complex dynamic surgical environments,and provides important theoretical foundations and technical support for the design optimization of robot-assisted surgical systems,holding significant clinical application value and social benefits.

Objective To propose an improved scheme based on an adaptive PID control strategy for effectively optimizing the positioning accuracy and reliability of laparoscopic surgical robotic arm during practical operations.Methods The particle swarm optimization algorithm was employed to adjust the proportional(Kp),integral(Ki),and derivative(Kd)parameters of the PID controller in real-time and online.A simulation experimental platform for laparoscopic surgical robotic arm was built based on a multi-degree-of-freedom kinematic model,and verification was conducted through both typical path planning and simulated disturbance tests.High-precision sensors were used to obtain trajectory deviation data,and control experiments were carried out under the traditional PID control mode and the adaptive PID control mode.The root mean square error and response time were compared.Results The average root mean square error of trajectory tracking error and the average response time of the adaptive PID control method were lower or shorter than those of the traditional PID control method(0.853 mm vs 2.665 mm;4.34 s vs 5.64 s).Furthermore,the adaptive PID control effectively suppressed the overshoot and oscillation phenomena commonly seen in traditional PID control,demonstrating more stable and reliable overall performance.Conclusion The proposed scheme addresses the inherent limitations of traditional PID control,improves the operation accuracy and stability of laparoscopic surgical robotic arm in complex dynamic surgical environments,and provides important theoretical foundations and technical support for the design optimization of robot-assisted surgical systems,holding significant clinical application value and social benefits.

Objective:To explore the effects and mechanism of Salvianolic acid B(SalB)on Parkinson's disease(PD).Methods:Forty-eight C57BL/6 male mice were randomly separated into control group(control)withoutdrugs,model group(MPTP)with intraperitoneal injection of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrah-ydropyridine(MPTP),SalB control group with intraperitoneal injection of SalB,and SalB treatment group(MPTP+SalB).Construction of PD mouse model by intraperitoneal injection of MPTP,and treatment with intraperitoneal injection of SalB.Pole climbing test was applied to assess behavior differences.The time of first black stool excretion and water content of feces were measured to evaluate intestinal dysfunctions.The number of tyrosine hydroxylase(TH)positive cells in substantia nigra and the level of Toll like receptor 4(TLR4)in colon were analyzed by immunohistochemistry.The pathological changes of colonic mucosa were observed by HE staining.The levels of calprotectin(CP)and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)in colon were determined by ELISA.Western blot was used to determine the level of TH in midbrain,the protein level of TH,tight junction protein(ZO-1),and protein level of TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathways which express in colon.Results:Com-pared with the Control group,the climbing time,T-turn time and the first black stool excretion time in MPTP group increased while the fecal water content and the number of TH positive cells in substantia nigra were decreased.Accompanied by TLR4 positive cells in colon,pathological injury score of colonic mucosa,levels of CP and TNF-α in colon increased,expression of TH in midbrain and expression of ZO-1 in colon decreased.Expressions of TLR4,MyD88,Nuclear NF-κB p65 and p-NF-κB p65 in colon increased.Com-pared with MPTP group,SalB treatment shortened the climbing time,T-turn time and the first black stool excretion time in SalB treat-ment group,increased the fecal water content and the number of TH positive cells in substantia nigra,lowered TLR4 positive cells in colon,enhanced expression of TH in midbrain and colon,reduced the pathological injury score of colonic mucosa,significantly decreased levels of CP and TNF-α in colon,enhanced expression of ZO-1 in colon,inhibited expressions of TLR4,MyD88,Nuclear NF-κB p65 and p-NF-κB p65 in colon.Conclusion:SalB can protect the nerves and intestines and alleviate the intestinal inflamma-tion of PD mice,which may be related to the inhibition of TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signal pathway.

China ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Occupational Diseases ; diagnosis ; Occupational Health ; standards

According to Traditional Chinese Medicine, the functional structure of human body is composed of five functional subsystems which are based on the five-organs concept, and the relationship between them could be expatiated with Wu-Xing (Five-Elements) theory. Wu-Xing system is taken as our research object. The dynamic model has the characteristic of self-organization. There is only one stable point with local stability in the five-dimensional space. There exists an instability domain in the five-dimensional space. The stability domain is unbounded; it contains some special subdomains, including rectilineal subdomains, ray subdomains and line subdomains. In some ray subdomains, there exists comeback summits, the peak value of the comeback summit is comeback threshold. The existence of the comeback threshold means that, if the human body wants to go back to the healthy state from a certain special state which corresponded to the initial conditions located in a domain with comeback summit, it has to get across the comeback threshold. The comeback threshold is the division of the healthy state and the sub-healthy state. Some research work is done to investigate the response of the Wu-Xing dynamic model to the impact stimulation, and results in the decrease of the system's comeback threshold. There are 3 manners to achieve this goal, and they tally with the principle of the Wu-Xing system and the experimental rules in clinic.