ObjectiveTo investigate the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and goblet cell-stimulating effects of a suspension of Ophiopogon japonicus (L. f.) Ker Gawl. (O. japonicus, Mai Dong) extract combined with hyaluronic acid (HA) in the mouse model with dry eye disease (DED).MethodsA DED mouse model was induced using benzalkonium chloride (BAK), followed by treatment with O. japonicus extract-containing eye drops at varying concentrations. Experimental groups included a normal control, a DED model control, a positive control, and an O. japonicus extract-treated group. Corneal fluorescein staining and tear break-up time (TBUT) were used to assess tear film stability and ocular surface integrity. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) measured inflammatory factor levels in corneal and conjunctival tissues, whereas Western blot (WB) analyzed key antioxidant and inflammatory markers, including nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (2Nrf2) and heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1). Periodic acid-schiff (PAS) staining and immunofluorescence were used to evaluate goblet cell density and mucin secretion.ResultsO. japonicus extract significantly improved corneal damage, reduced fluorescein staining scores, prolonged TBUT, and increased tear secretion. It downregulated inflammatory markers, including interleukin-8 (IL-8), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) while upregulating Nrf2, HO-1, and the interleukin-13 (IL-13)/IFN-γ ratio, alleviating oxidative stress and inflammation. PAS staining showed increased conjunctival goblet cell density and restored mucin secretion, enhancing tear film stability.ConclusionO. japonicus extract demonstrated significant anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and goblet cell-stimulating effects in a DED model, with good biocompatibility and promising therapeutic potential. Future research should optimize extraction processes and validate their efficacy and safety in clinical settings.

A 75-year-old male patient received an IV infusion of salivae miltiorrhizae, liguspyragine hydrochloride and glucose injection 200 ml once daily for cerebral infarction. No other drugs were used in the same period. About 6 hours after the first administration, the patient developed erythema and blister all over the body, accompanied by obvious itching. Next day, the patient had a fever, blisters of different sizes could be seen on a large area of swollen erythema, some of the blisters were broken, the area of skin lesions was more than 50% of the body surface, and Nikolsky′s sign was positive. Epidermolysis bullosa caused by salivae miltiorrhizae, liguspyragine hydrochloride and glucose injection was considered. The drug was stopped and anti-allergy and anti-infection treatments including methylprednisolone, calcium gluconate, loratadine, and cefazolin sodium were given. Meanwhile, skin care was strengthened. Three days later, the patient′s body temperature returned to normal, the color of erythema became lighter, and the blisters became smaller. Fifteen days later, the patient′s skin injury basically healed.

A 75-year-old male patient received an IV infusion of salivae miltiorrhizae, liguspyragine hydrochloride and glucose injection 200 ml once daily for cerebral infarction. No other drugs were used in the same period. About 6 hours after the first administration, the patient developed erythema and blister all over the body, accompanied by obvious itching. Next day, the patient had a fever, blisters of different sizes could be seen on a large area of swollen erythema, some of the blisters were broken, the area of skin lesions was more than 50% of the body surface, and Nikolsky′s sign was positive. Epidermolysis bullosa caused by salivae miltiorrhizae, liguspyragine hydrochloride and glucose injection was considered. The drug was stopped and anti-allergy and anti-infection treatments including methylprednisolone, calcium gluconate, loratadine, and cefazolin sodium were given. Meanwhile, skin care was strengthened. Three days later, the patient′s body temperature returned to normal, the color of erythema became lighter, and the blisters became smaller. Fifteen days later, the patient′s skin injury basically healed.

A 31-year-old male patient received carbamazepine and mecobalamin for 2 weeks due to trigeminal neuralgia.After 15 days of drug withdrawal,the patient developed fever,sore throat,fatigue,and diffuse bright red maculopapular rashes in the trunk,accompanied by itching,which progressively worsen.Laboratory tests showed white blood cell count 13.1 × 109/L,neutrophil count 10.7 × 109/L,eosinophil count 0.5 × 109/L,C-reactive protein 807.5 mg/L,alanine aminotransferase 663 U/L,and aspartate aminotransferase 332 U/L.Drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome was diagnosed in the clinical.Antiallergic and liver-protective drugs such as methylprednisolone,human immunoglobulin,compound glycyrrhizin,reduced glutathione,and etc.were given.Nineteen days later,the symptoms improved and the patient was discharged.At 2 weeks of follow-up,the patient showed normal blood routine test and liver function test results.According to the drug labels and the literature,it was considered that the drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome was likely to be caused by carbamazepine.

A 31-year-old male patient received carbamazepine and mecobalamin for 2 weeks due to trigeminal neuralgia.After 15 days of drug withdrawal,the patient developed fever,sore throat,fatigue,and diffuse bright red maculopapular rashes in the trunk,accompanied by itching,which progressively worsen.Laboratory tests showed white blood cell count 13.1 × 109/L,neutrophil count 10.7 × 109/L,eosinophil count 0.5 × 109/L,C-reactive protein 807.5 mg/L,alanine aminotransferase 663 U/L,and aspartate aminotransferase 332 U/L.Drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome was diagnosed in the clinical.Antiallergic and liver-protective drugs such as methylprednisolone,human immunoglobulin,compound glycyrrhizin,reduced glutathione,and etc.were given.Nineteen days later,the symptoms improved and the patient was discharged.At 2 weeks of follow-up,the patient showed normal blood routine test and liver function test results.According to the drug labels and the literature,it was considered that the drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome was likely to be caused by carbamazepine.