Objective This article aims to investigate the association between hypertension and the risk of GSD by conducting a national multicenter study,a systematic review,and a meta-analysis.Methods The study was conducted in three stages.In the first stage,subjects were recruited for health examination in four hospitals in Chengdu,Tianjin,Beijing,and Chongqing,China,from 2015 to 2020,and the multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the association between hypertension and the risk of GSD in each center.In the second stage,Embase,PubMed,Wanfang Data,VIP,and CNKI databases were searched for related studies published up to May 2021,and a meta-analysis was conducted to further verify such association.In the third stage,the random effects model was used for pooled analysis of the results of the multicenter cross-sectional study and the findings of previous literature.Results A total of 633 948 participants were enrolled in the cross-sectional study,and the prevalence rate of GSD was 7.844%.The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that hypertension was positively associated with the risk of GSD(P＜0.05).Subgroup analysis showed that there was no significant difference in the association between hypertension and GSD between individuals with different sexes,ages,and subtypes of GSD.A total of 80 articles were included in the systematic review and the meta-analysis,and the results showed that the risk of GSD was increased by 1.022 times for every 10 mmHg increase in diastolic pressure and 1.014 times for every 10 mmHg increase in systolic pressure.Conclusion Hypertension significantly increases the risk of GSD,and the findings of this study will provide a basis for the etiology of GSD and the identification of high-risk groups.

Ceftazidime-avibactam （CAZ/AVI）is a novel β-lactam antibiotic with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity and good tolerability. However， the physiological and pathological differences in special populations [e.g. augmented renal clearance （ARC） patients， undergoing continuous renal replacement therapy （CRRT） patients， neonates and children， obese patients， undergoing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation （ECMO） patients， elderly patients and liver dysfunction patients] may affect the pharmacokinetic （PK） properties of CAZ/AVI， leading to treatment failure. At present， there is currently a lack of corresponding guidelines or consensus on dose adjustment of CAZ/AVI in special populations. This article summarizes the research on PK/ pharmacodynamic （PD） characteristics and dose adjustment of CAZ/AVI in special populations and recommends the following dosing regimens： for ARC patients， the recommended dose is 2.5 g， q8 h； for undergoing CRRT patients with infections caused by sensitive strains （i.e. MIC＜4 mg/L） and infections at sites where hydrophilic antibiotics distribute well， a dose of 1.25 g， q8 h may be used； for undergoing CRRT patients with less sensitive strains or sites with poorer drug distribution， a dose of 2.5 g， q8 h or continuous infusion may be considered； for children aged 6 months to ＜18 years with normal or mildly impaired renal function， a dose of 62.5 mg/kg， q8 h is infused for 2 h （maximum dose not exceeding 2.5 g per dose）； for infants aged 3～6 months with normal or mildly impaired renal function， a dose of 50 mg/kg， q8 h is infused for 2 h； for obese patients， the recommended dose is 2.5 g， q8 h， with therapeutic drug monitoring recommended；undergoing ECMO patients， elderly patients， and those with impaired liver function may also use the recommended dose of 179368757@qq.com 2.5 g， q8 h.

BACKGROUND: Lung cancer is a disease with a high incidence rate in Yunnan province, yet there is a paucity of large-scale studies on its clinical epidemiology. This research aims to investigate the epidemiological characteristics of patients who underwent lung cancer surgery at Yunnan Cancer Hospital over the past decade, thereby providing a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of lung cancer. METHODS: Clinical data were collected from 15,967 patients who underwent lung cancer surgery at Yunnan Cancer Hospital between 2013 and 2022. A statistical analysis was conducted on the patients' general data, surgical information, pathological types of lung cancer, and other clinical epidemiological characteristics. RESULTS: Among the 15,967 cases of lung cancer, 46.3% were male and 53.7% were female, with the male-to-female ratio ranging from 0.68 to 1.61:1. The median age was 56 years (interquartile range: 49-63), and 37.0% of the patients were in the age group of 50-59 years. Since 2017, there has been an annual increase in the proportion of patients under the age of 60 years. The smoking status of the patients showed that 28.1% were smokers and 71.9% were non-smokers. Qujing city accounted for 41.4% and Kunming city for 23.2% of the cases in Yunnan province, with 29.6% of patients originating from Xuanwei and Fuyuan areas of Qujing city. The distribution of affected lung lobes was as follows: right upper lobe 28.2%, right middle lobe 6.3%, right lower lobe 20.1%, left upper lobe 22.7%, and left lower lobe 16.4%. The use of thoracoscopic surgery increased from 30.8% to 96.3%, with single-port thoracoscopic surgery comprising 61.3%. Lobectomy was performed in 64.2% of cases, wedge resection in 17.2%, and segmentectomy in 12.2%. The proportion of lobectomy decreased from 83.1% to 46.1%. The proportion of patients in stages 0-I increased from 43.5% to 82.8%, while stages II-IV decreased from 56.5% to 17.2%. Adenocarcinoma increased from 75.6% to 88.3%, and squamous cell carcinoma decreased from 21.5% to 8.6%. Among adenocarcinoma patients, 60.9% were female. Among sguamous cell carcinoma patients, 90.6% were male. The peak age for adenocarcinoma was 50-59 years, and for squamous cell carcinoma, it was 60-69 years. The smoking rate was higher among squamous cell carcinoma patients (65.9%) compared to adenocarcinoma patients (22.3%). Adenocarcinoma patients had a higher proportion in stages 0-I (76.3%), while squamous cell carcinoma patients were more prevalent in stages II-III (64.1%). CONCLUSIONS The findings indicate an increasing proportion of female patients with adenocarcinoma, a younger age of onset, a higher proportion of non-smoking lung cancer patients, and an increased proportion of stages 0-I lung cancer. These trends may reflect the epidemiological characteristics of patients undergoing lung cancer surgery in Yunnan and surrounding areas over the past decade.
Humans ; Female ; Male ; Lung Neoplasms/pathology* ; Middle Aged ; China/epidemiology* ; Aged ; Adult ; Aged, 80 and over

Objective: The incidence and mortality of gallbladder cancer from Chinese cancer registries in 2014 were analyzed to describe the prevalence of gallbladder cancer in China. Methods: Incidence and mortality data of gallbladder cancer in 2014 derived from registration data in 2017, collected by the National Central Cancer Registry (NCCR). Qualified data from 339 cancer registries were calculated after evaluating. According to the national population data of 2014, the gallbladder cancer incidence and mortality of China in 2014 were stratified by the area, gender and age.The age composition of standard population of Chinese census in 2000 and Segi′s population were used for age-standardizes incidence and mortality in China and worldwide. Results: 339 cancer registries cover a total of 288 243 347 population including 146 203 891 males and 142 039 456 females (144 061 915 in urban and 144 181 432 in rural areas). The mortality to incidence ratio of gallbladder cancer was 0.74. The morphologically verified cases (MV%) and death certificate-only cases (DCO%) were 48.38% and 2.66%, respectively. Unclear diagnosis cases (UB%) was 0.48%. The crude incidence of gallbladder cancer in China in 2014 was 3.82/100 000, which accounted for 1.37% of new cancer cases (4.48/100 000 in urban areas and 3.01/100 000 in rural areas, 3.59/100 000 for male and 4.05/100 000 for female). Age-standardized incidence rates by Chinese standard population (ASR China) and world standard population (ASR world) were 2.38/100 000 and 2.37/100 000, respectively, and the cumulative incidence rate (0-74 age years old) was 0.27%.Besides, the crude mortality of gallbladder cancer was 2.86/100 000 (3.47/100 000 in urban areas and 2.12/100 000 in rural areas, 2.59/100 000 for male and 3.14/100 000 for female). Age-standardized mortality rates by ASR China and ASR world were 1.72/100 000 and 1.71/100 000, with a cumulative mortality rate (0-74 age years old) of 0.19%. Conclusion The incidence and mortality of gallbladder cancer were significantly different between the city and country, while not obviously different between the female and male.

BACKGROUND:Laminoplasty and laminectomy are the most commonly used treatment methods for multilevel cervical spondylotic myelopathy, which is more common in elderly patients. C5 nerve root palsy is the common postoprative complication after posterior cervical repair. OBJECTIVE:To compare the incidence of C5 nerve root palsy after laminoplasty with mini-titanium plate fixation and laminectomy with internal fixation in repair of multilevel cervical spondylotic myelopathy. METHODS:Total y 134 patients with multilevel cervical spondylotic myelopathy from August 2010 to December 2014 were enrol ed, and then divided into laminoplasty group (n=45) and laminectomy group (n=89) owing to different ways of repair. Patients in the laminoplasty group were treated with laminoplasty with mini-titanium plate fixation, and patients in the laminectomy group were treated with laminectomy with internal fixation. C5 nerve root palsy condition after repair was recorded and evaluated. The cervical lordosis angle (Cobb angle) and cervical curvature index were compared. The Japanese Orthopaedic Association score was used for neurological assessment. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Al patients in both groups were fol owed up for more than 6 months. There were no significant differences in cervical lordotic angle and cervical curvature index at the first week before and after the treatment between these two groups (P>0.05). The Japanese Orthopaedic Association scores of patients after 6 months of treatment were significantly improved compared with that before treatment in these two groups (P<0.05). There were 2 cases of C5 nerve root palsy after the treatment of laminoplasty, the occurrence rate was 4%(2/45);there were 10 cases of C5 nerve root palsy after the treatment of laminectomy, the occurrence rate was 11%(10/89);there was significant difference between these two groups (P<0.05). These results suggest that compared with laminectomy fixation, the incidence of C5 nerve root palsy was lower after the laminoplasty with mini-trianium plate fixation, which can be widely used in decompression repair treatment of multilevel cervical spondylotic myelopathy.

Common spatial pattern (CSP) is a very popular method for spatial filtering to extract the features from electroencephalogram (EEG) signals, but it may cause serious over-fitting issue. In this paper, after the extraction and recognition of feature, we present a new way in which the recognition results are fused to overcome the over-fitting and improve recognition accuracy. And then a new framework for EEG recognition is proposed by using CSP to extract features from EEG signals, using linear discriminant analysis (LDA) classifiers to identify the user's mental state from such features, and using Choquet fuzzy integral to fuse classifiers results. Brain-computer interface (BCI) competition 2005 data sets IVa was used to validate the framework. The results demonstrated that it effective ly improved recognition and to some extent overcome the over-fitting problem of CSP. It showed the effectiveness of this framework for dealing with EEG.
Algorithms ; Brain-Computer Interfaces ; Discriminant Analysis ; Electroencephalography ; Humans

Objective To compare the clinical effects of palliative drainage to pancreatic and periampullary carcinoma which could not be excised with the operation.Methotis A retrospective study was accomplished on the palliative drainage treatment of 68 patients with pancreatic and petiampullary carcinoma hospitalized from 1996 to 2003.Results The disease course was two days to eight months.A definite preoperative diagnosis was made for 64 cases.Among them.single test diagnosed 24 cases and multiple tests diagnosed 40 cases.56 patients suffered from jaundice before operation.34 patients were treated by Roux-Y choledochojejunostomy.Choledochoduodenostomy was performed in 16 patients,cholecystduodenostomy for biliary by pass Was performed in 8 patients and stented internal drainage of the biliary duct in the liver and duodenostomy was performed in 10 patients.After reducing jaundice,12 patients was performed surgical resection.The second operation was performed in 4 patients because of postoperative jaundice and in 3 patients because of pylofic obstruction.The pefioperative compllcations include 4 cases of jaundice pyloric,3 cases of obstruction,2 cases of postoperative bleeding and 5 cases of infection of incisional wound.The aver-age stay in hospital waa 13.3 days(8～22 days).Conclusion Multiple tests were helpful to make a definite preoper-ative diagnosis.The selection of palliative drainage method based on the condition of patients had good curative effect in clinic.Surgocal exploration and reducing jaundice could set win conditions for second operation.

[Objective]Design the Static Three Dimensional Screw-Plate system(STDSP), bring a new instrument for the treatment of femoral neck fractures, which has good biome chanical features of axial loading and rotation stability and can reestablish the loss of support of the posterior neck of fracture with posterior comminution. [Method]Design the STDSP. To the fracture group,one femur of each pair was randomly selected to be stabilized by STDSP, and the other was fixed by the three cancellous lag screws(TCS). Then the constructions were tested with axial loading or rotation to failure. The intact group were fixed and then taken out with the two methods, then tested with axial loading. [Result] (1)Rotation test: Compare the loads of the same rotation angle and the loads of the same width the anterior gap of the osteotomy open, STDS group is bigger than TCS group(PTCS group (P