Objective: To analyze the change trends in the body shape indicators and proportions of students in Harbin from 2010 to 2024, and to investigate ergonomic compatibility of functional dimensions of school desks and chairs with current student shape indicators, so as to provide a reference for revising furniture standards of desks and chairs. Methods: Between September and November of both 2010 and 2024, a combination of convenience sampling and stratified cluster random sampling was conducted across three districts in Harbin, yielding samples of 6 590 and 6 252 students, respectively. Anthropometric shape indicators cluding height, sitting height, crus length, and thigh length-and their proportional changes were compared over the 15-year period. The 2024 data were compared with current standard functional dimensions of school furniture. The statistical analysis incorporated t-test and Mann-Whitney U- test. Results: From 2010 to 2024, average height increased by 1.8 cm for boys and 1.5 cm for girls; sitting height increased by 1.5 cm for both genders; crus length increased by 0.3 cm for boys and 0.4 cm for girls; and thigh length increased by 0.5 cm for both genders. The ratios of sitting height to height, and sitting height to leg length increased by less than 0.1 . The difference between desk chair height and 1/3 sitting height ranged from 0.4-0.8 cm. Among students matched with size 0 desks and chairs, 22.0% had a desk to chair height difference less than 0, indicating that the desk to chair height difference might be insufficient for taller students. The differences between seat height and fibular height ranged from -1.4 to 1.1 cm; and the differences between seat depth and buttock popliteal length ranged from -9.8 to 3.4 cm. Among obese students, the differences between seat width and 1/2 hip circumference ranged from -20.5 to -8.7 cm, while it ranged from -12.2 to -3.8 cm among non obese students. Conclusion Current furniture standards basically satisfy hygienic requirements; however, in the case of exceptionally tall and obese students, ergonomic accommodations such as adaptive seating allocation or personalized adjustments are recommended to meet hygienic requirements.

Objective To investigate the clinical value of tumor-stroma ratio (TSR) in combination with KRAS, BRAF, NRAS, and microsatellite status for prognostic assessment of patients with colorectal cancer. Methods A total of 51 colorectal cancer cases meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled in this study. TSR levels were evaluated through optical microscopy. The KRAS/NRAS/BRAF mutation profiles and microsatellite status were determined in accordance with genetic testing results. Clinical data, pathological characteristics, and survival outcomes were systematically recorded. Results Among the 51 patients with colorectal cancer, 19 (37.3%) were categorized into the low stromal group and 32 (62.7%) into the high stromal group. Statistically significant differences were observed between the two groups in drug resistance, M stage, TNM stage, neural invasion, and microsatellite status (P<0.05). Compared with patients exhibiting high TSR, those with low TSR demonstrated significantly increased recurrence rates (5 vs. 21 cases, P=0.007), shortened disease-free survival (34.21 vs. 14.34 months, P=0.001), and reduced overall survival (38.79 vs. 23.09 months, P=0.021). Multivariate Cox regression analysis identified N stage, M stage, TNM stage, neural invasion, lymphovascular invasion, and TSR as independent risk factors for disease-free survival. N stage, M stage, neural invasion, lymphovascular invasion, and TSR emerged as independent prognostic factors for overall survival (P<0.05). Although the combined models of TSR with KRAS, NRAS, BRAF, and microsatellite status, respectively, demonstrated overall statistical significance (P<0.05), none of the dummy variables in these models reached individually statistical significance (P>0.05), and therefore cannot be considered independent prognostic factors. Conclusion TSR serves as an independent predictor of poor prognosis in advanced colorectal cancer, with patients exhibiting low TSR demonstrating a significantly higher risk of recurrence and metastasis than those with high TSR. For patients with colon cancer undergoing first-line palliative chemotherapy after postoperative recurrence, histopathological assessment of TSR in primary tumor sites holds prognostic value and may serve as a relevant factor for evaluating treatment resistance in clinical management.

AIM: To investigate the effects of Conbercept on various optical coherence tomography(OCT)biomarkers in patients with retinal vein occlusion-related macular edema(RVO-ME), and to analyze the correlation of these biomarker changes with visual prognosis.METHODS: Retrospective study. A total of 57 patients(57 eyes)with RVO-ME, including 25 patients(25 eyes)with central retinal vein occlusion(CRVO)and 32 patients(32 eyes)with branch retinal vein occlusion(BRVO), were enrolled in this study. All the patients received intravitreal injection of conbercept once a month, three times in total. The preoperative and postoperative best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA), and changes in OCT biomarkers, including central macular thickness(CMT), the length of disorganization of the retinal inner layers(DRIL), the number of hyperreflective dots(HRD), the area of intraretinal fluid(IRF), the area of subretinal fluid(SRF), and the length of ellipsoid zone(EZ)disruption were compared. Furthermore, the relationship of these changes with BCVA was analyzed.RESULTS:Compared with the baseline, at 3 mo post-treatment, BCVA(LogMAR)was improved, CMT was decreased, the length of DRIL was shortened, the number of HRD was reduced, the area of IRF was decreased, the area of SRF was reduced, and the length of EZ disruption was shortened(all P<0.05). Spearman correlation analysis showed that there was no correlation between the changes in CMT, the length of DRIL, the number of HRD, the area of IRF, the area of SRF and the change in BCVA before and after treatment(P>0.05). However, the change in the length of EZ disruption was positively correlated with the change in BCVA(rs=0.34, P=0.011), and the R2 value of the fitting curve between the change in the length of EZ disruption and the change in BCVA was 0.113(P=0.011). When comparing the pre- and post-treatment changes in BCVA, the length of DRIL, the number of HRD, the area of IRF, the area of SRF, and the length of EZ disruption between patients in the CRVO group and BRVO group, no significant differences were observed(all P>0.05). In contrast, a significant difference was found in the change in CMT between the two groups(P=0.002).CONCLUSION:Conbercept effectively improves multiple OCT biomarkers in patients with RVO-ME. Repair of EZ disruption is a key driver of visual recovery, and its stability may serve as a novel indicator for personalized decision-making in anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy.

Aim To investigate the protective effects of co-administered piperine on reversing the skeletal deterioration induced by fluoxetine.Methods Female ovariectomized rats were orally administered with estra-diol,fluoxetine,piperine and the mixture of piperine and fluoxetine for eight weeks,respectively.X-ray ab-sorption assay was used to determine bone mineral den-sity(BMD).microCT was used to analyze the effects of drug treatments on micro-architecture,three-bending test was performed to examine the biomechanical prop-erties.ELISA kits were employed to quantify the bone turnover markers in serum.Besides,rat primary osteo-blasts were cultured to investigate the osteoblastogene-sis and mineralization in the presence of fluoxetine with or without piperine.Results Compared with ovariec-tomized rats,the administration of estradiol and piper-ine significantly enhanced BMD and biomechanical properties with improved micro-architecture of trabecu-lar bones.Fluoxetine treatment further deteriorated BMD,biomechanical properties and micro-architecture of ovariectomized rats with accelerated bone turnover.Concomitant administration of piperine with fluoxetine significantly suppressed the deteriorating effects on skeleton by fluoxetine.In addition,fluoxetine reduced the differentiation and mineralization of primary osteo-blasts,whereas combined therapy showed promotional effects.Conclusions The administration of fluoxetine induces further bone loss in ovariectomized rats by in-hibiting osteoblastic differentiation and mineralization.The co-administration of piperine with fluoxetine rever-ses its skeletal deterioration.

Objective To explore clinical efficacy of osteoplasty combined with percutaneous vertebroplasty(PVP)and percutaneous kyphoplasty(PKP)alone in treating osteoporosis vertebral compression fractures(OVCFs).Methods The clini-cal data of 80 patients with single-level OVCFs treated from January 2021 to June 2022 were retrospectively analyzed,and were divided into treatment group and control group according to different surgical methods,40 patients in each group.In treatment group,there were 24 males and 16 females,aged from 60 to 83 years old with an average of(70.43±7.31)years old;bone min-eral density ranged from-3.30 to-2.50 SD with an average of(-2.84±0.24)SD;1 patient with T10,4 patients with T11,11 pa-tients with T12,7 patients with L1,7 patients with L2,5 patients with L3,3 patients with L4,2 patients with L5;bone setting tech-nique combined with PVP were performed.In control group,there were 27 males and 13 females,aged from 60 to 82 years old with an average of(68.98±6.94)years old;bone mineral density ranged from-3.40 to-2.50 SD with an average of(-2.76±0.23)SD;2 patients with T10,3 patients with T11,13 patients with T12,11 patients with L1,5 patients with L2,3 patients with L3,2 patients with L4,1 patient with L5;simple PKP were peformed.Visual analogue scale(VAS)and lumbar Oswestry disability in-dex(ODI)were compared between two groups before operation,3 days,3 and 12 months after operation.The changes of local kyphotic angle,vertebral wedge angle and vertebral anterior margin height ratio were compared between two groups before op-eration,3 days and 12 months after operation.Results All patients were successfully completed operation.Treatment group were followed up from 13 to 22 months with an average of(16.82±2.14)months,and control group were followed up from 13 to 23 months with an average of(16.45±2.56)months.Three patients were occurred bone cement leakage in treatment group,while 1 patient were occurred bone cement leakage and 1 patient occurred sensory disturbance of lower limb skin in control group;there were no significant difference in complications between two groups(P＞0.05).There were no significant difference in preoperative VAS and ODI between two groups(P＞0.05).At 3 days after operation,VAS of treatment group 3.68±0.62 was significantly higher than that of control group 4.00±0.72(P＜0.05).There were no significant difference in VAS and ODI be-tween two groups at 3 and 12 months after operation(P＞0.05).There were no significant difference in local kyphotic angle,vertebral wedge angle and vertebral anterior margin height between two groups at 3 days and 12 months after operation(P＞0.05).Conclusion Compared with PKP,bone setting manipulation combined with PVP for the treatment of OVCFs has advan-tages in early postoperative pain relief.In terms of vertebral height recovery,bone setting manipulation combined with PVP and PKP alone have similar clinical effects.

Objective To explore medium and long term efficacy of oblique lateral interbody fusion(OLIF)in treating lumbar specific infection.Methods From October 2017 to January 2021,24 patients with lumbar specific infection were treated by OLIF combined with vertebral screw internal fixation,including 15 males and 9 females,aged from 27 to 61 years old with an average of(43.0±15.0)years old;the courses of disease ranged from 6 to 24 months with an average of(14.0±7.0)months;7 patients with L2-L3,12 patients with L3-L4 and 5 patients with L4-L5;19 patients with tuberculosis infection and 5 patients with brucella infection.The amount of intraoperative blood loss,operative time and complications were recorded,and erythro-cyte sedimentation rate(ESR),C-reactive protein(CRP),visual analogue scale(VAS),Japanese Orthopaedic Association(JOA)score and American Spinal Injury Association(ASIA)rating were compared before and one month after opertaion.Re-sults All patients were followed up from 9 to 24 months with an average of(13.0±6.0)months.Operative time was(132.5±21.4)min,and intraoperative blood loss was(227.3±43.1)ml.ESR and CRP were decreased from(82.34±18.62)mmol·h-1 and(53.08±21.84)mg·L-1 before operation to(33.52±17.31)mmol·h-1 and(15.48±8.36)mg·L-1 at one month after opera-tion,respectively(P＜0.05).VAS was decreased from(7.52±1.36)before opertaion to(1.74±0.87)at one month after opera-tion(P＜0.05).JOA was increased from(17.86±3.95)before operation to(24.72±3.19)at one month after operation(P＜0.05).Four patients had neurological symptoms before operation,and were classified to grade D according to ASIA classifica-tion,who were recovered to grade E at 1 month after operation.One patient was suffered from psoas major muscle injury after operation,and returned to normal at 3 weeks.One patient was suffered from abdominal distension and difficulty in defecation,and relieved after gastrointestinal decompression and enema.No complications such as abdominal organ injury and poor wound healing occurred in all patients.Conclusion OLIF combined with vertebral screw internal fixation is a new minimally invasive surgical method for the treatment of lumbar specific infection,especially the lesion located on the middle lumbar vertebra.It has advantages of less trauma,short operation time,less blood loss,convenient operation,complete removal of the lesion,safety and effectiveness,and has good medium-and long-term efficacy for lumbar specific infection.

Objective To preliminarily evaluate the safety and effectiveness of a novel non-implantable atrial shunt device based on radiofrequency ablation for the treatment of chronic heart failure(CHF).Methods This was a prospective single-arm study.From January 2023 to December 2023,five eligible CHF patients were consecutively enrolled at Beijing Anzhen Hospital,Capital Medical University,and underwent inter-atrial shunt using Shenzhen Betterway atrial shunt device.Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure(PCWP),right atrial pressure(RAP),pulmonary artery pressure(PAP),total pulmonary resistance(TPR),pulmonary vascular resistance(PVR),and pulmonary/systemic blood flow ratio(Qp/Qs)were measured using right heart catheterization before and immediately after procedure.Patients were followed up for 90 days,and echocardiography,right heart catheterization,and cardiac functional indicators were evaluated.The primary endpoint was procedural success.Secondary endpoints included clinical success,echocardiographic changes,6-minute walk distance(6MWD)changes,New York Heart Association(NYHA)class changes,Kansas city cardiomyopathy questionnaire(KCCQ)score changes,and amino-terminal probrain natriuretic peptide(NT-proBNP)level changes at 90 days.The safety endpoint was major cardiovascular and cerebrovascular adverse events and device-related adverse events.Results All five patients successfully achieved left-to-right atrial shunt.Compared with baseline,PCWP decreased significantly immediately after procedure in all five patients,with a procedural success rate of 100％.There were no significant changes in RAP,PAP,TPR,and PVR before and immediately after procedure.After 90 days follow-up,four patients had persistent left-to-right atrial shunt,and PCWP was significantly lower than baseline,with a clinical success rate of 80％.Compared with baseline,LVEF increased,left ventricular end-diastolic diameter decreased,and tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion and right ventricular fractional area change were not impaired in all five patients at 90 days.KCCQ scores and 6MWT improved,NT-proBNP decreased,and NYHA class did not change significantly.There were no deaths,rehospitalizations for heart failure,stroke-related adverse events,or device-related adverse events during the follow-up.Conclusions The novel non-implantable atrial shunt catheter can safely and effectively improve hemodynamic,echocardiographic,and cardiac functional indicators in patients with heart failure.However,larger-scale clinical studies are still needed to validate its long-term clinical effectiveness.

The adipose tissue serves as the largest energy storage and endocrine organ in the body.It plays a crucial role in regulating energy homeostasis and hormone secretion.However,with aging,the adipose tissue undergoes significant changes that can have detrimental effects on overall health.One of the key features of aging adipose tissue is the presence of senescent cells.These cells touch neighboring cells through the secretion of cytokines and the release of metabolites.This interaction can disrupt the normal function of adipose tissues and lead to systemic chronic inflammation or metabolic disorders.Cur-rently,the microenvironment of the aging adipose tissue has not been fully clarified.Therefore,here we review the changes in the microenvironment of aging adipose tissues,including various cell types in the adipose tissue,fibrosis caused by extracellular matrix accumulation,cytokine and metabolites.These al-terations can lead to systemic chronic low-grade inflammation,insulin resistance,and premature aging.Finally,several strategies expected to delay adipose tissue aging are introduced,including improving adi-pocyte thermogenesis,senolytics,diet and exercise.This review aims to provide ta heoretical reference for the treatment of ageing-related diseases.

Objective:To explore the genotypes and frequency distribution of thalassemia in Lingui District,Guilin City,and provide reference for the prevention and control of thalassemia in this area. Methods:The results of genetic testing for thalassemia in 1501 suspected cases at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University were analyzed retrospectively. The deletional mutations of α-thalassemia were detected by gap-PCR,the non-deletional mutations of α-thalassemia and β-thalassemia mutations were detected by PCR-reverse dot blot (PCR-RDB). Results:In 1501 samples,a total of 678 cases of thalassemia carriers were detected,with a detection rate of 45.17％. Among them,379 cases were α-thalassemia (including deletional α-thalassemia and non-deletional α-thalassemia),with a detection rate of 25.25％,the most common genotype was--SEA/αα (227 cases,15.12％),followed by-α3.7/αα (53 cases,3.53％). 270 cases of β-thalassemia were detected,with a detction rate of 17.99％,and βCD41-42/βN (144 cases,9.59％) was the main genotypes,followed by βCD17/βN (66 cases,4.40％) . In addition,there were 29 cases of αβ compound thalassemia,accounting for 1.93％,and the most common genotype was--SEA/αα complex βCD41-42/βN (5 cases,0.33％). Conclusion:Lingui District in Guilin City is a high-incidence area of thalassemia,and the genotypes of carriers are complex and diverse,with genetic heterogeneity. The results of this study provide a scientific basis for genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis in this area.

Objective:In order to construct a multisectoral cooperation evaluation index system for chronic disease prevention and control in the Healthy China strategy,so as to provide a reference for the evaluation and improvement of multisectoral cooperation work.Methods:The initial indicator system was constructed based on D'Amour's cooperative structure model.Fifteen public health experts were selected to refine the evaluation indicators through two rounds of expert consultation using the Delphi method.Then weights of indicators were assigned according to AHP.Results:Experts'positive coefficient,level of authority and coordination of opinions were confirmed.The finalized evaluation index system for multisectoral cooperation in chronic disease prevention and control contains 5 first-level indicators,12 second-level indicators and 34 third-level indicators.According to the weight,the indicators in first level were Shared Goals and Vision(0.222 8),Internalization(0.158 7),Formalization(0.252 3),Governance(0.154 5)and Cooperation effects(0.211 8).Conclusions:The evaluation index system applicable to multisectoral cooperation in the prevention and control of chronic diseases in counties(cities/districts)is preliminarily established,which is highly scientific and operable,and lays the foundation for the next step of application and promotion.