Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

The quality of Paeoniae Radix Alba and Paeoniae Radix Rubra is evaluated by root thickness, and paeoniflorin serves as a common quality indicator of them. However, the correlation between the content of bioactive compounds and the root size is still unclear. Therefore, this study characterized the distribution patterns and content of seven bioactive compounds including paeoniflorin in different tissues of Paeonia lactiflora roots, analyzed the correlation between the root size and the content of bioactive compounds based on the xylem-to-bark ratio, and further determined the index components for quality assessment. Nine samples of fresh P. lactiflora roots were collected from the genuine cultivation area. The distribution of bioactive compounds in different tissues on the cross-section of the root was firstly analyzed by desorption electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry imaging(DESI-MSI). Subsequently, the content of bioactive compounds was determined in the xylems and barks of the roots by UPLC. The compounds with the largest difference between the xylem and the bark were selected by orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA). The results indicated that paeoniflorin, benzoylpaeoniflorin, oxypaeoniflorin, gallic acid, and 1,2,3,4,6-pentagalloylglucose were significantly accumulated in the xylems, while albiflorin and catechin were mainly distributed in the barks. Paeoniflorin and albiflorin, with the largest differences in the xylem and the bark, had the highest content in the two tissues. The root diameter was positively correlated with paeoniflorin content and negatively correlated with albiflorin content. As isomers with different efficacies, paeoniflorin or albiflorin can be chosen as the quality marker corresponding to specific clinical application to launch quality classification evaluation of multi-functional Chinese medicines.
Bridged-Ring Compounds ; Catechin/analysis* ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods* ; Gallic Acid/analysis* ; Monoterpenes/analysis* ; Paeonia/chemistry* ; Plant Roots/chemistry* ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization

Objective:To explore the clinical effects of transplantation of turbocharged bipedicle deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap in breast reconstruction.Methods:A retrospective observational study was used. From December 2008 to December 2016, 24 patients who met the inclusion criteria were treated in the Department of Plastic Surgery of Hunan Cancer Hospital, all patients were female, aged 28-51 (36.5±1.6) years. All cases received turbocharged bipedicle DIEP flap for two-staged breast reconstruction. According to the patterns of turbocharged vessels anastomosis, the turbocharged bipedicle DIEP flaps with length of (27.5±0.3) cm and width of (12.8±1.4) cm, were divided into three types: distal end of pedicle anastomosis type, main branch of pedicle anastomosis type, and muscular branch of pedicle anastomosis type. After complete hemostasis in the donor region, the anterior sheath was repaired with intermittent suture, and umbilical reconstruction was completed. Two negative pressure drainage tubes were indwelled, and subcutaneous tissue and skin were sutured layer by layer. The specific ways of vascular anastomosis of the flap pedicle with the internal thoracic vessels of recipient site included anastomosing the proximal end of one artery and one vein, anastomosing the proximal and distal end of one artery and one vein, and anastomosing the proximal end of one artery and two veins. Postoperatively, the survival and blood supply of flaps were observed. The patients were followed up to observe the reconstructed breast shape satisfaction, donor site complications, abdominal wall function, and scar hyperplasia.Results:All turbocharged bipedicle DIEP flaps for two-staged breast reconstruction survived well, with good blood supply. During follow-up for 14 to 56 (20±6) months, the shape of reconstructed breasts was satisfied. Only linear scar was left in the donor sites of abdomen with no complications, and the function of abdominal wall was not affected.Conclusions:For patients with clear indications, transplantation of free turbocharged bipedicle DIEP flap is a safe, reliable, and satisfactory choice for breast reconstruction with autologous tissue.

Objective::To study the chemical constituents of pericarps of Zanthoxylum bungeanum. Method::The dried pericarps of Z. bungeanum were smashed, and then extracted and concentrated in 95%ethanol to obtain the total extract. The total extract was loaded on a silica gel CC, eluted with different polar solvents in sequence, and then concentrated to obtain corresponding parts. The methylene chloride fraction and the n-butanol fraction were separated and purified by silica gel column chromatography, Sephadex LH-20 gel column chromatography, ODS column chromatography, semi-preparative HPLC, etc. And their structures were identified based on physicochemical properties and various spectroscopic methods. Result::Fourteen compounds were isolated from the dichloromethane fraction and the n-butanol fraction of the Z. bungeanum and identified as(1S, 3S)-1-methyl-1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydro-β-carboline-3-carboxylic acid(1), (3S)-1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydro-β-carboline-3-carboxylic acid(2), apigenin-7, 4′-dimethyl ether(3), genkwanin(4), lcariside F₂(5), breyniaionoside A(6), 3-methoxyphenethyl alcohol-4-O-β-D-glucopynanoside(7), 1-O-β-D-glucopyranosyloxy-3-methoxy-5-hydroxybenzene(8), orcinol-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(9), syringin(10), 4-[(3S)-3-hydroxybutyl]-2-methoxyphenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside(11), (+ )-lyoniresinol-3a-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(12), 2-methylpropanyl-6-O-β-D-apiofuranosyl-β-D-glucopyranoside(13)and(E)-6-hydroxy-2, 6-dimethylocta-2, 7-dienoic acid(14). Conclusion::All compounds were isolated from Z. bungeanum for the first time, and compounds 1-4, 12 and 14 were isolated from this genus for the first time.