Objective:To investigate the dose characteristics of the Zeiss INTRABEAM system in air and water, providing dose reference for electronic brachytherapy.Methods:A Monte Carlo program was used to establish a three-dimensional model of a miniature X-ray source vacuum drift tube and a 4 cm spherical applicator. The process of electron beam bombardment on a gold target to generate X-rays was simulated, and parameters such as photon fluence spectrum, percentage depth dose, and half-value layer were calculated. Additionally, the radial dose uniformity in water was measured.Results:The average energy of X-rays at 3 cm in air was 20.8 keV, with a half-value layer of 0.08 mm Al. Under the influence of the applicator, the spectrum becomes hardened, with axial and radial average energies of 28.7 and 29.0 keV, respectively. In water, the percentage depth dose (PDD) curve follows an inverse cubic decay with depth, indicating strong dose concentration and rapid fall-off in near-field irradiation. The radial dose uniformity in water exceeded 99.5%.Conclusions:The INTRABEAM device emits low-energy X-rays characterized by shallow penetration depth, and concentrated dose delivery. Its highly uniform dose distribution ensures comprehensive coverage of the target area, making it particularly suitable for treating superficial tumors and for intraoperative radiotherapy at close range.

Objective:To investigate the dose characteristics of the Zeiss INTRABEAM system in air and water, providing dose reference for electronic brachytherapy.Methods:A Monte Carlo program was used to establish a three-dimensional model of a miniature X-ray source vacuum drift tube and a 4 cm spherical applicator. The process of electron beam bombardment on a gold target to generate X-rays was simulated, and parameters such as photon fluence spectrum, percentage depth dose, and half-value layer were calculated. Additionally, the radial dose uniformity in water was measured.Results:The average energy of X-rays at 3 cm in air was 20.8 keV, with a half-value layer of 0.08 mm Al. Under the influence of the applicator, the spectrum becomes hardened, with axial and radial average energies of 28.7 and 29.0 keV, respectively. In water, the percentage depth dose (PDD) curve follows an inverse cubic decay with depth, indicating strong dose concentration and rapid fall-off in near-field irradiation. The radial dose uniformity in water exceeded 99.5%.Conclusions:The INTRABEAM device emits low-energy X-rays characterized by shallow penetration depth, and concentrated dose delivery. Its highly uniform dose distribution ensures comprehensive coverage of the target area, making it particularly suitable for treating superficial tumors and for intraoperative radiotherapy at close range.

Objective To evaluate the clinical safety and efficacy of endovascular stent implantation in treating superior mesenteric artery stenosis.Methods The clinical data of 21 patients with superior mesenteric artery stenosis,who received endovascular stent implantation at the Chengdu Municipal Seventh People's Hospital of China from May 2019 to May 2023,were retrospectively analyzed,and its curative effect was evaluated.Results Successful endovascular stent implantation was accomplished in all the 21 patients.After surgery,the abdominal pain disappeared in all patients.All patients were followed up for 3-24 months.No obvious abdominal pain or other symptoms was observed in 19 patients.Two patients presented with abdominal pain again,and examination revealed that it was caused by an in-stent restenosis,and the abdominal pain disappeared after another interventional procedure.No severe complications such as intestinal necrosis or death occurred in all patients.Conclusion For superior mesenteric artery stenosis,endovascular stent implantation is a safe,effective and minimally-invasive treatment.

OBJECTIVE To study the best extraction process of β-asarone from Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma by ethanol heating reflux method, and to explore the antioxidant activity of different segments. METHODS With β-asarone from Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma as the evaluation index to optimize the extraction method. On the basis of a single factor experiment, the effects of ethanol concentration, solid-liquid ratio and extraction time on the extraction amount of β-asarone from Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma were investigated by orthogonal design and response surface methodology. After the optimal extraction process was determined, the antioxidant activities of different segments were studied. RESULTS The optimum extraction process of β-asarone from Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma was as follows: ethanol concentration was 95%, solid-liquid ratio was 1∶20 g·mL–1 and extraction time was 2.5 h. Under these conditions, the extraction amount of β-asarone from Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma was 0.918 7 mg·g–1. The results of in vitro antioxidant activity showed that the order of antioxidant capacity was ethyl acetate>petroleum ether>ethanol>n-butanol. Among them, the ethyl acetate fraction had the strongest antioxidant activity, with good ability to scavenge DPPH and ABTS free radicals, and had certain reduction ability. CONCLUSION The optimized method is stable, reliable and simple, which can be used for extraction and antioxidant activity determination of β-asarone from Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma, and provides a basis for the further development of Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma.

Objective To explore the safety and effectiveness of catheter aspiration combined with catheterization thrombolysis in the treatment of acute renal infarction(ARI),so as to provide reference for the treatment of this disease.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical and follow-up data of 11 ARI patients treated with catheter aspiration combined with catheter thrombolysis at our hospital during Jan.2019 and Jun.2023.Results Among the 11 patients,upon admission,7 manifested with abdominal pain,5 with lumbar pain,5 with nausea,and 1 with fever.All patients were successfully treated with catheter aspiration combined with catheterization and thrombolysis.After thrombolysis,computed tomography angiography(CTA)showed the renal artery trunk and branch vessels.In 11 patients,the renal artery,branch artery and splenic artery branch vessels were patent.D2 aggregates returned to the normal level 1 month after surgery(＜0.5 mg/L).During the follow-up of 3,6,12 months,no previous symptoms were observed.Ultrasound or CTA showed that the renal artery remained unobstructed.Conclusion The use of catheter aspiration combined with catheter thrombolysis for the treatment of ARI caused by renal artery thrombosis is effective,minimally invasive,and worth clinical promotion.

Objective:To explore and evaluate a three-dimensional (3D) digital simulated design and implementation technique in esthetic rehabilitation.Methods:Thirty patients with esthetic deficiency, who came to the Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology from December 2017 to July 2019, were recruited and randomly assigned into 2 groups. Four males and 11 females which were (36.0±10.5) years old in the experimental group, 6 males and 9 females which were (32.0±6.7) years old in the control group, were enrolled. In the experimental group, 3D digital simulated design was used to predict the post-treatment effect; and the final restorations were designed duplicating from the pre-treatment digital design confirmed by the patient and milled. In the control group, the final restorations were manufactured by the dental technician according to the design of two-dimensional (2D) digital smile design. The simulation degree of digital design and the similarity between preoperative design and postoperative rehabilitation were scored by the patients with visual analogue scales (VAS) in both groups; and the satisfaction rate to the restorations was evaluated by the patients. The quality of the restorations was accessed by a prosthodontist who did not know the grouping of patients according to the modified criteria of United States Public Health Service (USPHS).Results:Three-dimensional digital simulated design and implementation technique was successfully established. The VAS score on the simulation degree of digital design in the experimental group (8.5±0.5) was higher than that in the control group (7.2±0.7) ( P<0.01); the VAS score on the similarity between preoperative design and postoperative rehabilitation in the experimental group (9.6±0.3) was higher than that in the control group (7.0±0.9) ( P<0.01). The satisfaction rate of the patients to the restorations was significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group ( P<0.05). There was no significant difference of the quality of the restorations between the two groups on the anatomic form, the marginal adaption and the surface quality ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Three-dimensional digital simulated design and implementation technique can help achieving 3D digital simulated design before treatment and duplication to the final restorations, and can improve the patients′ satisfaction in esthetic rehabilitation.

Objective To summarize the effect of treatment for common bile duct stones by laparoscope combined with choledocho-scope, and to assess the feasibility in judgment the patency of common bile duct by stone basket. Methods To review and analyze the clini-cal data of 32 patients who were given choledocholithiasis operation through laparoscope combined with choledochoscope,and the operation method,effect and complications were compared. Results In this research,32 choledocholithiasis operations were carried out using laparo-scope combined with choledochoscope from January 2013 to January 2014. The stones of 31 patients were taken out completely,and there were no stone in the other patient. All 32 patients recovered without any complication. After operation,all 32 patients showed unrestricted inferior bile common duct and no residual stone by T-tube cholangiography. Conclusion It showed satisfactory effect in treatment of choledocholithi-asis by laparoscope combined with choledochoscope. Compared to traditional laparotomy,which showed less injure and faster recovery. It is a simple and feasible method to judge the patency of common bile duct using large size stone basket combined with methylene blue injection.

Objective To analyze the contents related to elderly people in medication instructions of oral drugs commonly used in China. Methods Oral medicines in Department of Outpatient Pharmacy, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University were recorded using Electronic Management System of drugs and composition ratio of different kinds of drugs were calculated. The notes for elderly people in medicine instructions were extracted and compared with administration suggestion( risk points)of the same drugs described in 2012 edition of Beers Criteria. Results A total of 368 kinds of oral drugs in Department of Outpatient Pharmacy were collected. Of them,varieties of drugs for central nervous system ranked first(93 kinds,25. 3% ),varieties of drugs for cardiovascular system ranked second(62,16. 8% ),varieties of drugs for digestive system ranked third(38,10. 3% ).Of the 368 kinds of oral drugs,medication instructions of 259 drugs(70. 4% )were marked with notes for elderly people;medication instructions of 75 drugs(20. 4% )were marked that no related tests were performed,no reliable references were provided or not clear;medication instructions of 34 drugs(9. 2% )were not marked. Eighty kinds of drugs which were used in Department of Outpatient Pharmacy in 2013 were included in 2012 Beers Criteria. Of them,8 kinds of drugs(10. 0% )were not marked notes for elderly people and other 72 kinds of drugs(90. 0% )were marked. Compared with the 2012 edition of Beers Criteria,the 72 kinds of drugs used in Department of Outpatient Pharmacy were divided into 4 kinds of results:risk points were not marked(52. 5% ,42 / 80), risk points were different(25. 0% ,20 / 80),risk points were less than those marked in Beers Criteria (6. 3% ,5 / 80),and risk points were identical(6. 3% ,5 / 80). Conclusion The notes for elderly people in medication instructions of commonly used oral drugs in China need further improvement to ensure medication safety in elderly patients.

Objective To analyze the contents related to elderly people in medication instructions of oral drugs commonly used in China. Methods Oral medicines in Department of Outpatient Pharmacy, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University were recorded using Electronic Management System of drugs and composition ratio of different kinds of drugs were calculated. The notes for elderly people in medicine instructions were extracted and compared with administration suggestion( risk points)of the same drugs described in 2012 edition of Beers Criteria. Results A total of 368 kinds of oral drugs in Department of Outpatient Pharmacy were collected. Of them,varieties of drugs for central nervous system ranked first(93 kinds,25. 3% ),varieties of drugs for cardiovascular system ranked second(62,16. 8% ),varieties of drugs for digestive system ranked third(38,10. 3% ).Of the 368 kinds of oral drugs,medication instructions of 259 drugs(70. 4% )were marked with notes for elderly people;medication instructions of 75 drugs(20. 4% )were marked that no related tests were performed,no reliable references were provided or not clear;medication instructions of 34 drugs(9. 2% )were not marked. Eighty kinds of drugs which were used in Department of Outpatient Pharmacy in 2013 were included in 2012 Beers Criteria. Of them,8 kinds of drugs(10. 0% )were not marked notes for elderly people and other 72 kinds of drugs(90. 0% )were marked. Compared with the 2012 edition of Beers Criteria,the 72 kinds of drugs used in Department of Outpatient Pharmacy were divided into 4 kinds of results:risk points were not marked(52. 5% ,42 / 80), risk points were different(25. 0% ,20 / 80),risk points were less than those marked in Beers Criteria (6. 3% ,5 / 80),and risk points were identical(6. 3% ,5 / 80). Conclusion The notes for elderly people in medication instructions of commonly used oral drugs in China need further improvement to ensure medication safety in elderly patients.