In this work,with tris(4-aminophenyl)amine(TAPA)and 1,3,5-tris(4-formylphenyl)benzene(TFPB)as monomers,an imine-type porous organic polymer,TAPA-TFPB,was synthesized using a simple method under the catalysis of acetic acid.The material TAPA-TFPB was used as solid-phase extraction adsorbent and combined with ultra-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight-tandem mass spectrometry(UHPLC-QTOF-MS)to establish a detection method for four kinds of nitrofuran metabolites(NFMs)residues in meat samples.The parameters of the adsorbent dosage,the pH value and volume of sample,and the type and volume of washing and eluent solvents were optimized,respectively.Under the optimal extraction conditions,low detection limits(0.11-1.60 μg/kg)were achieved for four kinds of NFMs.At three different spiked levels,the intra-day and inter-day precisions(Relative standard deviations)were 2.8% -10.9% and 4.3% -16.2%,respectively,and the spiked recoveries were 72.0% -107.2%.The results showed that the method chould be used for efficient extraction and analysis of trace NFMs residues in meat samples,indicating that TAPA-TFPB was a kind of promising SPE adsorbent.

Objective:To investigate the effect of basket assisted retrograde ureteral soft lithotripsis retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) in the treatment of subcalyceal calculi and its effect on stone clearance.Methods:A retrospective cohort study method was conducted on 120 patients with lower calyx stones treated at Jiaozhou Central Hospital of Qingdao City, from October 2021 to January 2024. There were 66 males and 54 females, aged (48.10±10.11) years old. The patients were divided into two groups based on their surgical methods: 60 patients who received only RIRS treatment were in the control group, while 60 patients who underwent RIRS with the assistance of a stone retrieval basket were in the observation group. The study compared various perioperative indicators (such as intraoperative blood loss, surgical duration, and hospital stay), as well as the stone clearance rates, inflammation levels, and postoperative complications at 3 days (short-term) and 30 days (long-term) after surgery. Measurement data with normal distribution were expressed as mean±standard deviation ( ± s), and t-test was employed for inter-group comparisons. Chi-square test was used for inter-group comparisons of count data. Results:The operation time of the observation group was (78.26±10.54) min, and that of the control group was (70.65±8.67) min. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( P<0.05). There was no difference between the two groups in intraoperative bleeding, the first time to get out of bed after surgery and the postoperative hospital stay ( P>0.05). The stone expulsion time in the observation group was (16.38±4.22) d, while that in the control group was (18.96±5.10) d, the stone removal rates of the observation group at 3 days and 30 days after surgery were 88.33% and 95.00% respectively, while those of the control group were 73.33% and 83.33% respectively. There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups ( P<0.05). The stone expulsion time was shorter in the observation group compared to the control group, with a statistically significant difference ( P<0.05). There were no significant differences in postoperative inflammatory factors between the two groups( P>0.05). The incidence of postoperative complications in the observation group was 6.67%, and that in the control group was 20.00%. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Stone basket removal combined with RIRS is safe and feasible, which can not only improve the stone clearance rate, but also reduce the incidence of postoperative complications without increasing the inflammatory reaction, and has a significant effect. However, the clinical application needs to strictly grasp the indications and avoid overtreatment in combination with the individual situation of the patients.

Objective: To analyze the change trends in the body shape indicators and proportions of students in Harbin from 2010 to 2024, and to investigate ergonomic compatibility of functional dimensions of school desks and chairs with current student shape indicators, so as to provide a reference for revising furniture standards of desks and chairs. Methods: Between September and November of both 2010 and 2024, a combination of convenience sampling and stratified cluster random sampling was conducted across three districts in Harbin, yielding samples of 6 590 and 6 252 students, respectively. Anthropometric shape indicators cluding height, sitting height, crus length, and thigh length-and their proportional changes were compared over the 15-year period. The 2024 data were compared with current standard functional dimensions of school furniture. The statistical analysis incorporated t-test and Mann-Whitney U- test. Results: From 2010 to 2024, average height increased by 1.8 cm for boys and 1.5 cm for girls; sitting height increased by 1.5 cm for both genders; crus length increased by 0.3 cm for boys and 0.4 cm for girls; and thigh length increased by 0.5 cm for both genders. The ratios of sitting height to height, and sitting height to leg length increased by less than 0.1 . The difference between desk chair height and 1/3 sitting height ranged from 0.4-0.8 cm. Among students matched with size 0 desks and chairs, 22.0% had a desk to chair height difference less than 0, indicating that the desk to chair height difference might be insufficient for taller students. The differences between seat height and fibular height ranged from -1.4 to 1.1 cm; and the differences between seat depth and buttock popliteal length ranged from -9.8 to 3.4 cm. Among obese students, the differences between seat width and 1/2 hip circumference ranged from -20.5 to -8.7 cm, while it ranged from -12.2 to -3.8 cm among non obese students. Conclusion Current furniture standards basically satisfy hygienic requirements; however, in the case of exceptionally tall and obese students, ergonomic accommodations such as adaptive seating allocation or personalized adjustments are recommended to meet hygienic requirements.

Objective: To analyze characteristics of iron-deficient blood donors, implement targeted interventions, and evaluate their effectiveness, thereby providing a reference for formulating blood donor recruitment and care strategies. Methods: Based on serum ferritin (SF) test results, the apheresis platelet donors were divided into the low SF group (n=90; 45 males and 45 females) and the normal SF group (n=651; 510 males and 141 females). The results of related indicators of the two groups were compared and analyzed. Interventions for the low SF group included extending the blood donation interval to at least 45 days (group A) and oral iron supplementation combined with the extended donation interval implemented in group A (group B). Pre-intervention and post-intervention SF results were compared. Results: For both male and female donors, serum iron levels were significantly lower in the low SF group than those of the normal SF group, while the levels of transferrin, unsaturated iron binding capacity (UIBC) and total iron binding capacity (TIBC) were higher in the low SF group compared to the normal SF group. Some indicators related to red blood cells showed changes, with more evident alterations in females than in males. Twenty-eight donors in group A and 39 donors in group B completed the study after intervention. SF value in group A was (18.32±8.09) μg/L at baseline and (26.21±17.30) μg/L after intervention. Similarly, SF value in group B was (15.87±7.69) μg/L at baseline and (26.24±15.55) μg/L after intervention. In both groups, SF values after intervention were significantly higher than baseline values. However, the magnitude of change did not significantly differ between groups A and B. Conclusion: Other related indicators in blood donors with low ferritin have also experienced some changes, suggesting that some blood donors may have entered the stage of iron-deficient erythropoiesis. Extending blood donation interval facilitates the recovery of iron storage in low-ferritin apheresis platelet donors. Blood stations should develop care strategies for apheresis platelet donors, including, at a minimum, the prolonged blood donation interval for donors with low ferritin.

Although clinical evidence suggests that nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is an established major risk factor for heart failure, it remains unexplored whether sleep disorder-caused hepatic damage contributes to the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Here, our findings revealed that sleep fragmentation (SF) displayed notable hepatic detrimental phenotypes, including steatosis and oxidative damage, along with significant abnormalities in cardiac structure and function. All these pathological changes persisted even after sleep recovery for 2 consecutive weeks or more, displaying memory properties. Mechanistically, persistent higher expression of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 4 (NOX4) in the liver was the key initiator of SF-accelerated damage phenotypes. SF epigenetically controlled the acetylation of histone H3 lysine 27 (H3K27ac) enrichment at the Nox4 promoter and markedly increased Nox4 expression in liver even after sleep recovery. Moreover, fine coordination of the circadian clock and hepatic damage was strictly controlled by BMAL1-dependent Sirtuin 1 (Sirt1) transcription after circadian misalignment. Accordingly, genetic manipulation of liver-specific Nox4 or Sirt1, along with pharmacological intervention targeting NOX4 (GLX351322) or SIRT1 (Resveratrol), could effectively erase the epigenetic modification of Nox4 by reducing the H3K27ac level and ameliorate the progression of liver pathology, thereby counteracting SF-evoked sustained CVD. Collectively, our findings may pave the way for strategies to mitigate myocardial injury from persistent hepatic detrimental memory in diabetic patients.

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are significant drug targets, but their potential in cancer therapy remains underexplored. Conventional GPCR agonists or antagonists have shown limited effectiveness in cancer treatment, necessitating new GPCR-targeting strategies for more effective therapies. This study discovers that Yersinia pestis LcrV, a crucial linker protein for plague infection, acts as a biased agonist of a GPCR, the formyl peptide receptor 1 (FPR1). The LcrV protein induces unique conformational changes in FPR1, resulting in G proteins being activated in a distinctive state without subunit dissociation. This leads to a biased signaling profile characterized by cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) responses and β-arrestin2 recruitment, but not calcium mobilization. In FPR1-expressing triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells, LcrV bi-directionally modulates intracellular signaling pathways, downregulating extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK1/2) and Akt pathways while upregulating Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 pathways. This dual modulation results in cell cycle arrest and the inhibition of TNBC cell proliferation. In TNBC xenograft mouse models, long-term LcrV treatment inhibits tumor growth more effectively than a conventional FPR1 antagonist. Additionally, LcrV treatment reprograms tumor cells by reducing stemness-associated proteins OCT4 and c-MYC. Our findings highlight the potential of biased GPCR agonists as a novel GPCR-targeting strategy for cancer treatment.

Objective:To explore the activation pathway of CD4+CD28-T cells and their specific role in rheumatoid arthritis(RA).Methods:Peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs)were isolated from RA patients and healthy individuals.Flow cytome-try was used to detect the proportion and activation level of CD4+CD28-T cells,as well as the expressions of perforin and TNF-α,and to analyze the correlation between the proportion of CD4+CD28-T cells and age,C-reactive protein,anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide(CCP)antibodies,rheumatoid factors(RF)and erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR).The expression of Toll-like receptor(TLR)2 on CD4+CD28-T cells was detected by flow cytometry.Purified RA CD4+T cells were stimulated with anti-CD3 antibody and TLR2 agonist alone or in combination,and the activation level and cytokine secretion of CD4+CD28-T cells were detected by flow cytometry.Results:The proportion of CD4+CD28-T cells in RA patients was higher than that in healthy individuals(P<0.05),and was positively correlated with rheumatoid factors and erythrocyte sedimentation rate(r=0.554 1,P<0.01;r=0.363 4,P<0.01).Compared with CD4+CD28+T cells,CD25 expression was downregulate(P<0.01),but CD40L and TLR2 expressions were upregulated(P<0.01;P<0.000 1)in CD4+CD28-T cells from RA patients,and they secreted more perforin and TNF-α(P<0.001;P<0.001).After TLR2 ago-nist stimulation,there was no significant change in CD40L and CD25 expression,as well as perforin and TNF-α secretion in CD4+CD28-T cells from RA patients.Conclusion:The proportion of CD4+CD28-T cells is increased in RA patients,and they secrete a large amount of perforin and TNF-α,which may be involved in the inflammatory state and joint damage of RA,but TLR2 cannot re-place CD28 in activating CD4+CD28-T cells.

Vertebral refracture following percutaneous vertebral augmentation (PVA) is commonly seen in elderly patients with osteoporotic thoracolumbar compression fractures (OTLCF). It can lead to recurrent pain, loss of vertebral height, progression of kyphosis, and even neurological dysfunction, significantly impairing patients′ quality of life. Current diagnosis and treatment face multiple challenges, including high misdiagnosis rate, difficulty in choosing between surgical and non-surgical treatment options, lack of standardized surgical protocols, interference from intralesional bone cement during procedures, inadequate stability of internal fixation in osteoporotic bone, and suboptimal compliance of anti-osteoporotic therapy. Establishing a standardized diagnostic and therapeutic framework is urgently needed. To standardize the management process and improve outcomes for vertebral refractures after PVA in elderly OTLCF patients, Spinal Trauma Group of the Orthopedic Branch of Chinese Medical Doctor Association organized experts in the field to develop Guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of vertebral refracture after percutaneous vertebral augmentation in elderly patients with osteoporotic thoracolumbar compression fractures ( version 2025), based on current literature and clinical experience, and adhering to principles of scientific rigor and clinical applicability. A total of 11 recommendations were proposed, encompassing diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of vertebral refracture after PVA in elderly patients with OTLCF, aiming to provide a foundation for a standardized management.

Thoracolumbar spine fracture often leads to severe pain, functional impairments, and neurological deficits, for which open reduction and internal fixation can effectively restore the spinal structural stability. Open decompression and reduction with internal fixation can help relieve spinal cord compression and improve spinal function in cases of concomitant cord injury. Although spinal stability can be restored through surgery, patients often face chronic pain and functional impairments postoperatively. A postoperative rehabilitation program is critical in optimizing therapeutic outcomes, reducing complications, and minimizing the risk of secondary injuries. However, current rehabilitation methods, such as physical therapy, functional training, and pain management, are confronted with problems in clinical practice, including significant variation in efficacy, poor patient adherence, and prolonged rehabilitation period. There is an urgent need for a unified rehabilitation strategy to address these problems. To this end, the Spinal Trauma Group of the Orthopedic Physicians Branch of the Chinese Medical Association and the Spine Health Professional Committee of the Chinese Human Health Technology Promotion Association organized experts from relevant fields to formulate Evidence-based guidelines for rehabilitation treatment after internal fixation of thoracolumbar spine fracture in adults ( version 2025) by integrating evidences from clinical researches and advanced rehabilitation concepts at home and abroad. A total number of 14 recommendations concerning the rehabilitation treatment with multimodal analgesia, psychological intervention, deep vein thrombosis prevention, core muscle and extremity exercise, appropriate use of braces, early weight-bearing, device-aided rehabilitation exercise, neuroregulatory therapy, rehabilitation team were put forward, aiming to standardize the post-operative rehabilitation process following internal fixation, promote the functional recovery, and enhance patients′ quality of life.

Acute symptomatic osteoporotic thoracolumbar compression fracture (ASOTLF) can lead to chronic low back pain, kyphosis deformity, pulmonary dysfunction, loss of mobility, and even life-threatening complications. Vertebral augmentation is currently the mainstream treatment method for this condition. In 2019, the Editorial Board of Chinese Journal of Trauma and the Spinal Trauma Group of Orthopedic Surgeons Branch of Chinese Medical Doctor Association collaboratively led the development of Clinical guideline for vertebral augmentation for acute symptomatic osteoporotic thoracolumbar compression fractures. Six years later, with advances in clinical diagnosis and treatment techniques as well as accumulating evidence in related fields, the 2019 guideline requires updating. To this end, the Spinal Trauma Group of Orthopedic Surgeons Branch of Chinese Medical Doctor Association, the Spinal Health Professional Committee of China Human Health Science and Technology Promotion Association, and the Minimally Invasive Orthopedics Professional Committee of Shaanxi Medical Doctor Association have organized experts in the field to develop the Clinical guideline for vertebral augmentation of acute symptomatic osteoporotic thoracolumbar compression fractures ( version 2025) , based on the latest evidence-based medical researches. This guideline incorporates 3 recommendations retained from the 2019 version with updated strength of evidence, along with 12 new recommendations. It provides recommendations from six aspects of diagnosis, pain management, treatment option selection, prevention of postoperative complications, anti-osteoporosis therapy, and postoperative rehabilitation, aiming to provide a reference for standard treatment of vertebral augmentation for ASOTLF in hospitals at all levels.