The auxin/indole-3-acetic acid (Aux/IAA) gene family is an important regulator for plant growth hormone signaling, involved in plant growth, development, as well as response to environmental stresses. In the present study, we identified SmIAA7 which is potentially associated with Salvia miltiorrhiza leaf development through comparatively analyzed the transcriptome data from different pinnate leaves. SmIAA7 was successfully isolated from S. miltiorrhiza using the specific primers. Then subsequent bioinformatic analysis, prokaryotic expression and purification, subcellular localization, and induction expression analysis under auxin and abiotic stress were performed. The full-length of SmIAA7 contained an ORF of 684 bp encoding a protein of 227 amino acid with a molecular weight of 25.3 kD. Conserved domain analysis showed that SmIAA7 contains the conserved Aux_IAA domain (pfam02309). Sequence analysis and phylogenetic tree analysis results indicated SmIAA7 was phylogenetically close to IAA7 and IAA14 from other plants, suggesting SmIAA7 involved in plant growth and development as well as response to environmental stresses. The prokaryotic expression vector pET28a-SmIAA7 was constructed and SmIAA7 recombinant protein was successfully expressed in E. coli Rosetta (DE3) strain. Subcellular localization experiment demonstrated that SmIAA7 localized in the nucleus of plant cells. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR results showed that the expression level of SmIAA7 was upregulated in response to auxin. Drought, low temperature, and salt stress significantly increased the transcript level of SmIAA7 gene. This study lays a foundation for further elucidating the role of SmIAA7 in leaf development, signal transduction, and stress defense in S. miltiorrhiza.

OBJECTIVE: To compare clinical effect of anterior tibial plateau fracture line and anterior tibial fenestration reduction in treating anterolateral tibial plateau column fracture combined with posterior lateral column collapse. METHODS: Fifty-two patients with Schatzker typeⅡ tibial plateau anterolateral column fracture combined with posterolateral column collapse admitted from January 2016 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed and divided into two groups according to fracture reduction methods. There were 27 patients in fracture line group, including 19 males and 8 females, aged from 26 to 62 years old with an average of (43.2±11.4) years old;the time from injury to operation ranged from 4 to 8 days with an average of (5.8±1.5) days;treated with reduction and internal fixation via fracture line of lateral platform front. There were 25 patients in fenestrate group, including 13 males and 12 females, aged from 22 to 69 years old with an average of (40.8±11.1) years old;the time from injury to operation ranged from 4 to 8 days with an average of (6.0±1.4) days;treated with tibial fenestration reduction and internal fixation. The amount of bone graft, operation time, fracture healing time and complications were compared between two groups. Posterior slope angle (PSA) and posterior slope angle of the lateral tibial plateau was compared before surgery, 2 days and 6 months after surgery. The knee function was evaluated by Hospital for Speical Surgery (HSS) at 2 days and 6 months after surgery, respectively. Fracture reduction was evaluated by Rasmussen anatomic score of knee joint. RESULTS: Both of group were followed up from 12 to 24 months (16.0±3.4) months. No redisplacement of fracture, internal and external inversion deformity of knee joint, or instability of knee joint were found between two groups during follow-up. In fracture line group, 1 patient occurred wound fat liquefaction and 2 patients occurred lower limb intermuscular venous thrombosis occurred. In fenestration group, 1 patient occurred joint stiffness, 1 patient occurred lower limb intermuscular venous thrombosis, and 1 patient occurred superficial wound infection;there were no significant difference in complications between two groups (P>0.05). Bone graft volume, operative time and fracture healing time in fracture line group were (3.6±2.3) cm³, (123.4±18.2) min and (13.8±1.8) weeks, while in feneplast group were (4.8±1.8) cm³, (135.5±22.5) min and (15.2±2.0) weeks, respectively;the difference between two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). The collapse depth of lateral platform articular surface at 2 days and 6 months after surgery were (0.8±0.1) and (0.9±0.1) mm in fracture line group, which were lower than those in fenestration group (0.9±0.1) and (1.1±0.1) mm, respectively (P<0.05). After 2 days and 6 months, , PSA in fracture line group were (9.4±1.5) ° and (10.1±1.9) °, respectively, which were lower than those in fenestration group (10.5±1.5) ° and (11.3±1.9) ° (P<0.05). Rasmussen anatomical scores in fracture line group at 2 days and 6 months were 16(16, 18) and 16(14, 16) points, respectively, which were better than those in fenestrated group (16, 16) and 14(14, 16) points (P< 0.05). The collapse depth, PSA and Rasmussen anatomical score between two groups were better than those before surgery (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in HSS score between two groups at 2 days after surgery (P>0.05). At six months after surgery, HSS score in fracture line group (86.7±3.6) was higher than that in fenestration group (84.1±3.91) (P<0.05). HSS score at 6 months after surgery was better than that at 2 days after surgery (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Both anterior tibial plateau fracture line and anterior tibial fenestration could be used to treat anterolateral tibial plateau column fracture with posterior lateral column collapse. Compared with fenestration group, transfracture line group had advantages of less intraoperative bone grafting, shorter operative time, shorter fracture healing time, better articular surface reduction effect and better knee functional recovery.
Humans ; Male ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Tibial Fractures/physiopathology* ; Adult ; Fracture Fixation, Internal/methods* ; Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Tibia/injuries* ; Tibial Plateau Fractures

BACKGROUND: The clinical impact of post-percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) quantitative flow ratio (QFR) in patients treated with PCI for chronic total occlusion (CTO) was still undetermined. METHODS: All CTO vessels treated with successful anatomical PCI in patients from PANDA III trial were retrospectively measured for post-PCI QFR. The primary outcome was 2-year vessel-oriented composite endpoints (VOCEs, composite of target vessel-related cardiac death, target vessel-related myocardial infarction, and ischemia-driven target vessel revascularization). Receiver operator characteristic curve analysis was conducted to identify optimal cutoff value of post-PCI QFR for predicting the 2-year VOCEs, and all vessels were stratified by this optimal cutoff value. Cox proportional hazards models were employed to calculate the hazard ratio (HR) with 95% CI. RESULTS: Among 428 CTO vessels treated with PCI, 353 vessels (82.5%) were analyzable for post-PCI QFR. 31 VOCEs (8.7%) occurred at 2 years. Mean value of post-PCI QFR was 0.92 ± 0.13. Receiver operator characteristic curve analysis shown the optimal cutoff value of post-PCI QFR for predicting 2-year VOCEs was 0.91. The incidence of 2-year VOCEs in the vessel with post-PCI QFR < 0.91 (n = 91) was significantly higher compared with the vessels with post-PCI QFR ≥ 0.91 (n = 262) (22.0% vs. 4.2%, HR = 4.98, 95% CI: 2.32-10.70). CONCLUSIONS Higher post-PCI QFR values were associated with improved prognosis in the PCI practice for coronary CTO. Achieving functionally optimal PCI results (post-PCI QFR value ≥ 0.91) tends to get better prognosis for patients with CTO lesions.

Objective:To explore the clinical characteristics, audiological outcomes, and factors influencing the efficacy of pharmacological treatment in patients with sudden hearing loss associated with large vestibular aqueduct syndrome（LVAS）. Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 77 bilateral LVAS patients（117 ears） hospitalized for sudden hearing loss from January 1, 2009, to December 31, 2023. The inclusion criteria required that patients to be diagnosed according to the Valvassori standard and had received standardized pharmacological treatment. Clinical features, audiological outcomes, and treatment efficacy were analyzed. Statistical methods were employed to identify factors associated with treatment outcomes. Results:The age of the enrolled patients ranged from 4 to 37 years. The age of onset for the initial hearing fluctuation varied between 0 and 24 years, with a mean age of 5.8 years. The male-to-female ratio was approximately balanced（37 males and 40 females）. The proportion of unilateral to bilateral sudden hearing loss was 1.0︰1.2, with unilateral right ear hearing loss being more frequently occurring（64.9%）. Triggering Factors: Triggers included no identifiable factors in 48.1% of cases, a history of head trauma（24.7%）, upper respiratory tract infections（11.7%）, onset following physical fatigue（11.7%）, and less frequently, noise exposure, alcohol consumption, or emotional stress（each 1.3%）. Clinical Symptoms: Hearing loss was the sole symptom in 35.1% of cases. Concurrent symptoms included vertigo in 44.2% and tinnitus in 46.8%. Patients with a disease duration of ≤14 days demonstrated a treatment efficacy rate of 75.0%. Among those who responded to treatment, 93.0% had profound or greater hearing loss prior to therapy, with an average improvement in hearing thresholds of 32 dB HL. In pretreatment, 68.9% of patients exhibited low-frequency air-bone gaps, increasing to 76.1% post-treatment. Additionally, 17.6% of treated ears demonstrated a ≥15 dB HL improvement in low-frequency bone conduction thresholds. In the non-responsive group, 7.3% of ears still showed some improvement in bone conduction thresholds. Statistically significant differences（P<0.05） were observed between the treatment-effective and non-effective groups concerning the age of initial hearing fluctuation, disease duration, and severity of hearing loss at onset. Conclusion:The efficacy of pharmacological treatment for sudden hearing loss in LVAS patients is influenced by the age at onset, duration of the disease, and severity of hearing impairment. Early diagnosis and timely intervention significantly enhance treatment efficacy, particularly in patients with a disease duration of ≤14 days and an initial sudden hearing loss. Patients with severe hearing loss, especially those with profound or greater impairment, exhibit greater sensitivity to treatment. Pharmacological interventions positively impact both air conduction and bone conduction thresholds, with the observed improvement in bone conduction thresholds warranting further investigation.
Humans ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Hearing Loss, Sudden/etiology* ; Female ; Vestibular Aqueduct/pathology* ; Adult ; Child ; Adolescent ; Child, Preschool ; Young Adult ; Treatment Outcome

Radiochemotherapy-induced oral mucositis (OM) is a common oral complication in patients with tumors following head and neck radiotherapy or chemotherapy. Erosion and ulcers are the main features of OM that seriously affect the quality of life of patients and even the progress of tumor treatment. To date, differences in clinical prevention and treatment plans for OM have been noted among doctors of various specialties, which has increased the uncertainty of treatment effects. On the basis of current research evidence, this expert consensus outlines risk factors, clinical manifestations, clinical grading, ancillary examinations, diagnostic basis, prevention and treatment strategies and efficacy indicators for OM. In addition to strategies such as basic oral care, anti-inflammatory and analgesic agents, anti-infective agents, pro-healing agents, and photobiotherapy recommended in previous guidelines, we also emphasize the role of traditional Chinese medicine in OM prevention and treatment. This expert consensus aims to provide references and guidance for dental physicians and oncologists in formulating strategies for OM prevention, diagnosis, and treatment, standardizing clinical practice, reducing OM occurrence, promoting healing, and improving the quality of life of patients.
Humans ; Chemoradiotherapy/adverse effects* ; Consensus ; Risk Factors ; Stomatitis/etiology*

Ovarian cancer is the most lethal malignancy affecting the female reproductive system. Pharmacological inhibitors targeting CDK4/6 have demonstrated promising efficacy across various cancer types. However, their clinical benefits in ovarian cancer patients fall short of expectations, with only a subset of patients experiencing these advantageous effects. This study aims to provide further clinical and biological evidence for antineoplastic effects of a CDK4/6 inhibitor (TQB4616) in ovarian cancer and explore underlying mechanisms involved. Patient-derived ovarian cancer organoid models were established to evaluate the effectiveness of TQB3616. Potential key genes related to TQB3616 sensitivity were identified through RNA-seq analysis, and TRIM4 was selected as a candidate gene for further investigation. Subsequently, co-immunoprecipitation and GST pull-down assays confirmed that TRIM4 binds to hnRNPDL and promotes its ubiquitination through RING and B-box domains. RIP assay demonstrated that hnRNPDL binded to CDKN2C isoform 2 and suppressed its expression by alternative splicing. Finally, in vivo studies confirmed that the addition of siTRIM4 significantly improved the effectiveness of TQB3616. Overall, our findings suggest that TRIM4 modulates ubiquitin-mediated degradation of hnRNPDL and weakens sensitivity to CDK4/6 inhibitors in ovarian cancer treatment. TRIM4 may serve as a valuable biomarker for predicting sensitivity to CDK4/6 inhibitors in ovarian cancer.
Humans ; Female ; Ovarian Neoplasms/pathology* ; Animals ; Tripartite Motif Proteins/genetics* ; Mice ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4/antagonists & inhibitors* ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 6/antagonists & inhibitors* ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology* ; Ubiquitin/metabolism* ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays ; Ubiquitination ; Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology*

Objective To investigate the inhibitory effects of Wumeiwan on oxidative stress injury of ulcerative colitis mice induced by dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)by regulating Kelch-like ECH related protein 1(Keap-1)-nuclear factor E2 related factor 2(Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1(HO-1)signaling pathwayand.Methods Forty C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into five groups:normal group,model group,positive control group,experimental-L,-H groups.UC mice model were induced by free access to 2％DSS water.Mice in normal and model group were orally administered with 0.9％NaCl,mice in positive control group were orally treated with Mesalazine solution(0.005 g·10 g-1·d-1),while mice in experimental groups were orally administered with Wumeiwan decoction at the dose of 0.13 and 0.26 g·10 g-1·d-1,respectively.All the drugs were administered for consecutive 7 days,1 times a day.The levels of disease activity index(DAI)and the colon length were scored.The levels of superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT),cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2)and inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS)in colon tissue of mice were determined by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR)method.The level of Keap-1,Nrf2,HO-1 proteins in colon tissue were determined by Western blot method.Results The levels of DAI of seventh day in normal group,positive control group,experimental-L,-H groups were 0、(2.62±0.33),(1.87±0.35),(1.87±0.35)and(1.58±0.35);the colon lengths were(8.16±0.47)、(5.98±0.24),(7.58±0.38),(7.33±0.24)and(7.48±0.51)cm;the SOD mRNA were 1.01±0.16、0.40±0.01,1.43±0.45,0.65±0.01 and 0.83±0.02;the CAT mRNA were 1.01±0.20、0.45±0.01,0.84±0.02,0.68±0.07 and 0.87±0.05;the COX-2 mRNA were 1.03±0.33、16.65±0.60,4.78±0.25,14.07±0.60 and 7.39±0.15;the iNOS mRNA were 1.04±0.40、20.71±0.66,8.09±0.93,15.44±0.68 and 11.66±0.06;the levels of Keap-1 were 1.22±0.16、1.10±0.05,1.18±0.05,1.94±0.08 and 1.17±0.08;the levels of Nrf2 were 1.12±0.16、0.76±0.15,0.65±0.13,0.70±0.16 and 0.82±0.18;the levels of HO-1 were 1.34±0.15、1.00±0.12,0.89±0.10,1.50±0.18 and 1.40±0.13,respectively.Significant difference was found between normal group and model group(P＜0.01,P＜0.05);significant difference was also found between the experimental-L,-H groups and model group(P＜0.01,P＜0.05).Conclusion Wumeiwan can inhibit oxidative stress in mice with UC,the mechanisms may be related to adjusted the expression of Keap-1-Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway protein in colon.

BACKGROUND:Although traditional screw fixation has been successful in treating ankle fractures,rigid fixation solutions tend to restrict ankle movement and delay fracture healing,whereas elastic fixation is more compatible with human mechanics and has unique advantages in patients with ankle fractures. OBJECTIVE:To compare the clinical effectiveness of elastic fixation and absolute fixation in repairing ankle fractures in the elderly with lower tibiofibular instability. METHODS:The clinical data of 108 elderly ankle fractures with lower tibiofibular instability in Hengshui People's Hospital from August 2019 to August 2021 were retrospectively collected.They were divided into screw group and elastic fixation group(n=54 per group)according to the surgical protocol,and traditional screw internal fixation and elastic internal fixation were performed respectively.The perioperative indicators,surgical results,economic benefits,and American orthopedic foot and ankle society scores were collected and compared between the two groups.Serum tumor necrosis factor-α,interleukin-8 levels,ankle cavity width,depth,and lower tibiofibular space were compared before and after surgery. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The full weight-bearing time was shorter in the elastic fixation group than that in the screw group;the operating angle was greater in the elastic fixation group than that in the screw group,and the complication rate was lower in the elastic fixation group than that in the screw group(P<0.05).(2)Serum tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-8 levels in the elastic fixation group were lower than those in the screw group 3 days after surgery(P<0.05).(3)American orthopedic foot and ankle society scores in the two groups were higher than those before surgery at 6 and 12 months after surgery,and the depth and width of the inferior tibiofibular space and ankle cavity were lower than those before surgery(P<0.05);but no significant difference was detected between the two groups(P>0.05).(4)There was no significant difference in the excellent and good rate between the two groups at 12 months after surgery(P>0.05).(5)There was no significant difference in the comparison of direct non-medical costs,direct medical costs,and total costs between the two groups(P>0.05).(6)It is indicated that elastic fixation for the repair of ankle fractures with lower tibiofibular instability in the elderly can obtain effective outcomes,which can shorten the time of complete weight-bearing,diminish complications,and alleviate inflammatory stress.

BACKGROUND:Compared with traditional two-dimensional culture,three-dimensional microtissue culture can show greater advantages.However,more favorable cultivation methods in three-dimensional culture still need to be further explored. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the cell behavior of microtissue and its ability to promote cartilage formation under two three-dimensional culture methods. METHODS:Cartilage-derived microcarriers were prepared by chemical decellularization and tissue crushing.DNA quantification and nuclear staining were used to verify the success of decellularization,and histological staining was used to observe the matrix retention before and after decellularization.The microcarriers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and CCK-8 assay.Cartilage-derived microtissues were constructed by combining cartilage-derived microcarriers with human adipose mesenchymal stem cells through three-dimensional static culture and three-dimensional dynamic culture methods.The cell viability and chondrogenic ability of the two groups of microtissues were detected by scanning electron microscopy,live and dead staining,and RT-qPCR. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Cartilage-derived microcarriers were successfully prepared.Compared with before decellularization,the DNA content significantly decreased after decellularization(P<0.001).Scanning electron microscope observation showed that the surface of the microcarrier was surrounded by collagen,maintaining the characteristics of the natural extracellular matrix of cartilage cells.CCK-8 assay indicated that microcarriers had no cytotoxicity and could promote cell proliferation.(2)Scanning electron microscopy and live and dead staining results showed that compared with the three-dimensional static group,the three-dimensional dynamic group had a more extended morphology of microtissue cells,and extensive connections between cells and cells,between cells and matrix,and between matrix.(3)The results of RT-qPCR showed that the expressions of SOX9,proteoglycan,and type Ⅱ collagen in microtissues of both groups were increased at 7 or 14 days.The relative expression levels of each gene in the three-dimensional dynamic group were significantly higher than those in the three-dimensional static group at 14 days(P<0.05).At 21 days,the three-dimensional static group had significantly higher gene expression compared with the three-diomensional dynamic group(P<0.001).(4)The results showed that compared with three-dimensional static culture microtissue,three-dimensional dynamic culture microtissue could achieve higher expression of chondrogen-related genes in a shorter time,showing better cell viability and chondrogenic ability.

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) combined with lower cervical fracture is often categorized into unstable fracture, with a high incidence of neurological injury and a high rate of disability and morbidity. As factors such as shoulder occlusion may affect the accuracy of X-ray imaging diagnosis, it is often easily misdiagnosed at the primary diagnosis. Non-operative treatment has complications such as bone nonunion and the possibility of secondary neurological damage, while the timing, access and choice of surgical treatment are still controversial. Currently, there are no clinical practice guidelines for the treatment of AS combined with lower cervical fracture with or without dislocation. To this end, the Spinal Trauma Group of Orthopedics Branch of Chinese Medical Doctor Association organized experts to formulate Clinical guidelines for the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis combined with lower cervical fracture in adults ( version 2024) in accordance with the principles of evidence-based medicine, scientificity and practicality, in which 11 recommendations were put forward in terms of the diagnosis, imaging evaluation, typing and treatment, etc, to provide guidance for the diagnosis and treatment of AS combined with lower cervical fracture.