OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy， safety， and cost-effectiveness of posaconazole for the prevention of invasive fungal infections （IFIs）. METHODS PubMed， Embase， CNKI， Wanfang data and other Chinese and English databases were searched， as well as the official websites of related health technology assessment （HTA）. Systematic review （SR）/meta-analysis， pharmacoeconomic studies， and HTA reports of posaconazole for the prevention of IFIs were collected. The retrieval time limit was from the establishment of the database to November 1， 2025. After screening the literature， extracting the data， and evaluating the quality of the literature， the results of the included studies were descriptively analyzed. RESULTS A total of 45 studies were included， involving 17 SR/meta-analyses， 26 pharmacoeconomic studies， 1 SR/meta-analysis combined with a pharmacoeconomic study， and 1 HTA report. In terms of effectiveness， posaconazole was significantly superior to other antifungal drugs （eg.， fluconazole， itraconazole） in reducing the incidence of IFIs， the incidence of invasive aspergillosis， all-cause mortality， and IFI-related mortality （ P ＜0.05）. In terms of safety， posaconazole was significantly superior to other antifungal drugs in the incidence of total adverse reactions （ P ＜0.05）， but there was no significant difference in the incidence of serious adverse reactions， the incidence of gastrointestinal advers e reactions， drug-induced liver injury， and the withdrawal rate due to adverse drug reactions （ P ＞0.05）. In terms of cost-effectiveness， most studies have shown that posaconazole possesses more cost-effectiveness advantages. CONCLUSIONS Posaconazole demonstrates favorable efficacy， safety， and cost-effectiveness in preventing IFIs.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy and safety of cholesterol absorption inhibitors （ezetimibe and hybutimibe） combined with statins for the treatment of dyslipidemia. METHODS Randomized controlled trials （RCTs） about above-mentioned drug combination in patients with dyslipidemia were retrieved from CNKI，PubMed and other Chinese and English databases. The retrieval time limit was from the establishment of the database to October 2025. After screening the literature，extracting the data，and evaluating the quality of the literature，network meta-analysis was performed using R software. RESULTS A total of 36 RCTs were included. Results showed that in reducing low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C） and total cholesterol （TC）， ezetimibe+statins and hybutimibe+statins were significantly superior to statins+placebo and placebo alone （ P ＜0.05）. The top two interventions according to surface under the cumulative ranking curve （SUCRA） rankings were both ezetimibe+statins and hybutimibe+statins. In terms of triglyceride （TG） lowering， both hybutimibe+statins and ezetimibe+statins were significantly better than statins alone， statins+placebo and placebo alone （ P ＜0.05）， with hybutimibe+statins and ezetimibe+statins ranking top two by SUCRA. For apolipoprotein B （ApoB） reduction， ezetimibe+statins was significantly superior to statins alone and placebo alone （ P ＜0.05）， and the top two SUCRA rankings were ezetim ibe+statins and statins+placebo. In terms of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL-C） increase， placebo was significantly better than statins alone， hybutimibe+statins， statins+placebo， and ezetimibe+statins （ P ＜0.05）， and the top two SUCRA rankings were placebo alone and statins alone.There was no statistically significant difference in the overall incidence of adverse reactions among the interventions （ P ＞0.05）. CONCLUSIONS Ezetimibe combined with statins shows significant advantages in reducing LDL-C， TC and ApoB， while the hybutimibe combined with statins may have potential advantages in lowering TG； both combination regimens have good safety.

Inappropriate polypharmacy is common in older patients with co-morbidities, and prescription streamlining can help to ensure the safety of medications for older patients with co-morbidities.In 2023, The Alliance of European Geriatrics Societies(AEGS)summarized the literature on medication review and prescription streamlining to propose 33 recommendations for optimizing polypharmacy and prescription streamlining in older patients with co-morbidities.The strategy suggests incorporating prescription streamlining into the daily practice of geriatricians and clinical pharmacists, and provides recommendations about education and training of clinical staff, development of disease guidelines, policy support, and clinical trial research in older adults aiming to improve the management of polypharmacy.This article explains the key elements of this strategy to provide reference for high-quality healthcare for elderly patients with co-morbid in China.

Inappropriate polypharmacy is common in older patients with co-morbidities, and prescription streamlining can help to ensure the safety of medications for older patients with co-morbidities.In 2023, The Alliance of European Geriatrics Societies(AEGS)summarized the literature on medication review and prescription streamlining to propose 33 recommendations for optimizing polypharmacy and prescription streamlining in older patients with co-morbidities.The strategy suggests incorporating prescription streamlining into the daily practice of geriatricians and clinical pharmacists, and provides recommendations about education and training of clinical staff, development of disease guidelines, policy support, and clinical trial research in older adults aiming to improve the management of polypharmacy.This article explains the key elements of this strategy to provide reference for high-quality healthcare for elderly patients with co-morbid in China.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy,safety and economy of efgartigimod alfa in the treatment of generalized myasthenia gravis by rapid health technology assessment,and to provide evidence-based evidence for clinical rational drug use.Methods PubMed,Embase,Web of Science,Cochrane Library,CNKI,VIP,WanFang Data,SinoMed database and relevant databases of health technology assessment institutions were electronically searched to collect health technology assessment reports,systematic reviews/Meta-analysis and pharmacoeconomic literatures of efgartigimod alfa for the treatment of generalized myasthenia gravis from the inception to June 21,2024.Two researchers screened the literature,extracted data,and evaluated the quality of the literature,summarised the finding and performed qualitative descriptive analysis.Results A total of 6 literature were included,involving 5 systematic reviews/Meta-analysis and one pharmacoeconomic study.In terms of efficacy,efgartigimod alfa demonstrated a significant reduction in MG-ADL,QMGs,and MG-QOLs 15R compared to placebo among generalized myasthenia gravis patients,these differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).However,findings from different studies regarding comparisons with other biologics like batoclimab,ronzanolixizumab,and eculizumab yielded inconsistent conclusions.In terms of safety,the incidence of adverse events in adults generalized myasthenia gravis patients treated with efgartigimod alfa compared with that of the placebo was not statistically significant(P＞0.05).However,compared with other biological agents,the conclusions drawn from each study were inconsistent.In terms of economics,efgartigimod alfa did not exhibit cost-effectiveness advantages over traditional therapies.Conclusion Efgartigimod alpha showed better efficacy than placebo in the treatment of generalized myasthenia gravis,but there was no definitive conclusion compared with other biological agents.In terms of safety,the incidence of ADE in adult generalized myasthenia gravis patients treated with efgartigimod alpha was not statistically different from that of the placebo group,and no definite conclusion could be drawn when compared with other biological agents.According to U.S.drug economic data,efgartigimod alpha does not have economic advantages over traditional therapies.