Objective To investigate the effects of Echinococcus multilocularis infection on levels of memory T (Tm) cells and their subsets in lymph nodes of mice at different stages of infection, so as to provide new insights into immunotherapy for alveolarechinococcosis. MethodsTwenty-four C57BL/6J mice aged 6 to 9 weeks were randomly divided into the infection group and the control group, of 12 mice in each group. Mice in the infection group were administered with 3 000 E. multilocularis protoscoleces via portal venous injection, while animals in the control group were administered with an equal volume of physiological saline. Three mice from each group were sacrificed 4, 12 weeks and 24 weeks post-infection, and lymph nodes were sampled and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) to investigate the histopathological changes of mouse lymph nodes in the infection group. The expression and localization of T lymphocyte surface markers CD3, CD4, and CD8 were observed in mouse lymph nodes using immunohistochemical staining. In addition, lymphocyte suspensions were prepared from mouse lymph nodes in both groups at different time points post-infection, and the levels of Tm cell subsets and their secreted cytokines were detected using flow cytometry. Results HE staining showed diffuse structural alterations in the subcapsular cortical and paracortical regions of mouse lymph nodes in the infection group 4 weeks post-infection with E. multilocularis. Immunohistochemical staining detected CD3, CD4 and CD8 expression in mouse lymph nodes in both groups. Flow cytometry revealed higher proportions of CD4⁺ Tm cells [(55.3 ± 4.8)% vs. (38.8 ± 6.1)%; t = -4.259, P < 0.05] and CD4⁺ tissue-resident Tm (Trm) cells [(57.7 ± 3.7)% vs. (34.1 ± 11.2)%; t = -3.990, P < 0.05] in mouse lymph nodes in the infection group than in the control group 4 weeks post-infection, and higher proportions of CD4⁺ Tm cells [(34.6 ± 3.2)% vs. (23.3 ± 7.5)%; t = -2.764, P < 0.05] and CD4⁺ Trm cells [(44.0 ± 1.9)% vs. (31.2 ± 1.5)%; t = -4.039, P < 0.05] in mouse lymph nodes in the infection group than in the control group 24 weeks post-infection. The proportions of CD8⁺ Tm cells were higher in the infection group than in the control group 4 weeks [(56.8 ± 2.7)% vs. (43.9 ± 5.2)%; t = -4.416, P < 0.01] and 12 weeks post-infection [(25.4 ± 2.7)% vs. (12.0 ± 2.6)%; t = -2.552, P < 0.05], while the proportions of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α⁺ CD4⁺ T cells [(15.7 ± 5.0)% vs. (49.4 ± 6.4)%; t = 7.150, P < 0.01], TNF-α⁺CD8⁺ T cells [(20.7 ± 5.5)% vs. (57.5 ± 8.4)%; t = -6.694, P < 0.01], and TNF-α⁺ CD8⁺ Tm cells [7.0% (1.0%) vs. 31.0% (11.0%); Z = -2.236, P < 0.05] were lower in the infection group than in the control group 24 weeks post-infection. Conclusions Tm cells levels are consistently increased in lymph nodes of mice at different stages of E. multilocularis infection, with Trm cells as the predominantly elevated subset. The impaired capacity of CD8⁺ Tm cells to secrete the effector molecule TNF-α in mouse lymph nodes at the late-stage infection may facilitate chronic parasitism of E. multilocularis.

Objective To evaluate the suitability and accessibility of the national Class 1.1 new drug imrecoxib,and provided reference for rational use of drugs in clinical practice.Methods Constructing a suitability and accessibility evaluation system for the national Class 1.1 new drug imrecoxib based on the Delphi method and evaluated through a survey questionnaire.Results After two rounds of expert inquiries,the authority coefficient of the experts was 0.795,the coefficient of variation of the third level indicator of expert opinions was 0.15,and the coordination coefficient was 0.244.Finally,the evaluation index system for the suitability and accessibility of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs was determined.The evaluation index system including 2 primary indicators,8 secondary indicators,and 39 tertiary indicators.173 survey questionnaires were distributed in total.The results indicate that in terms of suitability,imrecoxib has good suitability in both drug use and drug technology characteristics;In terms of accessibility,the price level of imrecoxib is relatively low,and its affordability,accessibility,and patient acceptability are good.Conclusions This study comprehensively evaluated the suitability and accessibility of the national Class 1.1 new drug imrecoxib,provided a reference basis for clinical rational use and regulatory decision-making.

Objective:To investigate the role of platelet-derived zyxin in promoting tumor migration by platelets.Methods:The gene expression profile of platelets was analyzed from cancer patients by using the GEO database.Isolated platelets from wild-type(WT)and Zyx-/-mice were co-cultured with B16F10 cells labeled with green fluorescence to investigate the influence of zyxin deficiency on tumor cell migration,invasion,and wound healing.Optical microscopy was employed to evaluate the impact of zyxin deficiency on epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)in B16F10 cells induced by platelets.Employing specific markers to label platelets,fluorescence confocal microscopy was utilized to investigate the impact of platelet-derived zyxin on the binding between tumor cells and platelets.And an aggregometer was employed to observe the influence of zyxin deficiency on tumor cell-induced platelet aggregation.Results:Compared to platelets from healthy volunteers,zyxin was upregulated in platelets from cancer patients.Zyx-/-mouse platelets exhibited a significant reduction in tumor cell invasion and migration,impaired wound healing,and delayed tumor cell EMT compared to WT mouse platelets.Additionally,zyxin deficiency attenuated the interaction between platelets and tumor cells,and diminished the capacity for tumor cell-induced platelet aggregation.Conclusion:Platelet-derived zyxin deficiency diminishes platelet-tumor cell interactions and weakens the ability of tumor cell-induced platelet aggregation,ultimately suppressing tumor cell migration.

Objective:Analyze the risk factors for acute lung injury of postoperative acute lung injury(ALI)in patients with Stanford type A aortic dissection(STAAD),and construct a nomogram predictive model.Methods:A retrospective cohort study design was adopted.A total of 112 patients with STAAD who underwent surgical treatment in our hopital from January 2021 to August 2024 were included.They were divided into two groups according to the occurrence of ALI after the surgical:non-ALI group(73 cases)and ALI group(39 cases).Clinical data were collected from both groups of patients.The influencing factors of postoperative ALI in patients with STAAD were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression.Established nomogram prediction model based on influencing factors and validated.Results:Among 112 patients with STAAD who underwent surgical treatment,39 case postoperative ALI occurred,with an incidence rate of 34.82％.Age,preoperative creatinine,body mass index(BMI),preoperative white blood cell count,preoperative lactate and other aspects compared,The difference were statistically significant(P＜0.05).The length of stay in the intensive care unit(ICU)of the ALI group was longer than that of the non ALI group(P＜0.05).The intraoperative red blood cell transfusion volume and extracorporeal circulation time in the ALI group were higher than those in the non ALI group(P＜0.05).Long intraoperative cardiopulmonary bypass time,high BMI,high intraoperative red blood cell transfusion volume and high preoperative white blood cell count were risk factors for postoperative ALI(P＜0.05).The receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis results show that,the Area under the curve(AUC)of the nomogram prediction model was 0.871.When the optimal critical value was 0.472,its sensitivity and specificity wew 0.887 and 0.776,respectively.The internal validation results of Bootstrap show that,the C-index of the column chart prediction model was 0.862,with an absolute error of 0.032.The calibration curve is close to the ideal curve and the original curve,with a slope close to 1.Conclusions:Long intraoperative cardiopulmonary bypass time,high BMI,high intraoperative red blood cell transfusion volume and high preoperative white blood cell count are independent risk factors for postoperative ALI in patients with STAAD.The nomogram model constructed based on the above risk factors can effectively evaluate the risk of postoperative ALI in patients with STAAD.

Objective:To explore the effectiveness of the scaffolding teaching mode from the perspective of deep learning in basic nursing techniques course.Methods:From September 2023 to June 2024, 324 nursing students at Suzhou Vocational Health College in the 2023 cohort were selected as research subjects using convenience sampling. Three classes were designated as experimental group ( n=167), and three classes were designated as control group ( n=157). Control group received the traditional teaching mode, while experimental group received a scaffolding teaching mode from the perspective of deep learning on the basis of control group. Teaching effectiveness was evaluated using course grades, the Academic Self-Efficacy Scale, and the Measure Scale of Autonomous Learning Competencies of Nursing Undergraduates. Results:A total of 324 questionnaires were distributed and 324 valid questionnaires were collected, with a valid response rate of 100.00% (324/324). After teaching, the experimental group's nursing course grades were statistically higher than those of the control group ( P<0.05). After teaching, the experimental group's nursing students demonstrated statistically higher total scores and scores across all dimensions on the Academic Self-Efficacy Scale compared to the control group ( P<0.01). After teaching, the experimental group of nursing students scored statistically higher than the control group on the total score of the Measure Scale of Autonomous Learning Competencies of Nursing Undergraduates, as well as on the dimensions of self-management and learning cooperation ability ( P<0.01) . Conclusions:The implementation of the scaffolding teaching mode from the perspective of deep learning for basic nursing techniques course enhances vocational nursing students' academic performance, academic self-efficacy, and autonomous learning competencies.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of shoulder arthroscopic rotator cuff repair combined with shoulder three needles in treatment of rotator cuff injury.Methods 86 patients with rotator cuff injury from June 2021 to May 2023 were divided into two groups using a random number table method.The research group received 43 cases of rotator cuff repair under arthroscopy combined with shoulder three needles rotator cuff repair,while the control group received 43 cases of rotator cuff repair under arthroscopy combined with placebo needling.Then compare the pain level,shoulder joint function,and shoulder joint range of motion between the two groups before and 6 months after surgery,and calculate the excellent and good shoulder joint function rates between the two groups at 6 months after surgery,and compare the changes in inflammatory factors between the two groups at before and 4 weeks after surgery.Results 6 months after surgery,the visual analogue scale(VAS)score of both groups was lower than that before surgery,and the VAS score in research group(including the moderate tearing subgroup and the major tearing subgroup)was lower than that of the control group(including the moderate tearing subgroup and the major tearing subgroup),while the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons(ASES)score and shoulder joint range of motion were higher than those before surgery,and the ASES score and shoulder joint range of motion in research group(including the moderate tearing subgroup and the major tearing subgroup)were higher than those of the control group(including the moderate tearing subgroup and the major tearing subgroup),the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).6 months after surgery,the excellent and good rate of shoulder joint function in the research group was higher than that in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).At 4 weeks after surgery,the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),C-reactive protein(CRP),interleukin-6(IL-6),and interleukin-8(IL-8)in both groups were lower than those before surgery,and the research group(including the moderate tearing subgroup and the major tearing subgroup)were lower than those of control group(including the moderate tearing subgroup and the major tearing subgroup),the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion Arthroscopic rotator cuff repair combined with shoulder three needles can alleviate the pain level of patients with rotator cuff injury,improve shoulder joint function and range of motion,increase the excellent and good rate of shoulder joint function,and reduce inflammatory reaction.It is worthy of clinical application.

Objective:To analyze the changes of serum metabolites in patients with acute pancreatitis (AP) by non-targeted metabolomics method.Methods:Serum samples and clinical data of 15 AP patients hospitalized in the Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University from August to September 2024 were collected and included in the AP group, including 9 males and 6 females, aged (55.4±15.3) years. The serum and clinical data of 25 patients with colon polyps in the same hospital during the same period of time were collected, including 15 males and 10 females, aged (61.2±11.5) years, and were included in the control group. Serum metabolomic detection was performed using the ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem Fourier transform mass spectrometer. The modeling method was orthogonal partial least square discriminant analysis, and principal component analysis was performed on the data matrix to screen the differential metabolites in serum of AP patients. The Kyoto Encyclopedia database of Genes and Genomes was used to annotate differential metabolites, and the pathway of differential metabolite enrichment was analyzed by software.Results:The principal component analysis showed that the contribution ratio of the first principal component was 15.1%, the proportion of the second principal component was 10.8%, and the total proportion of the two was 25.9%. In principal component analysis, two groups of samples can be clearly distinguished and show obvious clustering characteristics. According to the analysis of OPLS-DA model, there were significant differences in serum metabolic profiles between AP group and control group. There were 683 differentially expressed metabolites between the two groups, with 367 differentially expressed metabolites up-regulated compared with the control group and 316 differentially expressed metabolites down-regulated compared with the control group. It is mainly Phosphatidic Acid (Lte4/8: 0) (+ 218%), Omeprazole Sulphone (-38%), and 2-(Propylthio) Nicotinic Acid (2-propyl thionicotinic acid) (-58%), Gein (salicyricetin) (-47%) and so on. Pathway enrichment analysis showed that the differential metabolites in AP patients were mainly concentrated in citric acid cycle, arginine biosynthesis and glycerophospholipid metabolism pathways.Conclusion:Serum metabolites in AP patients change significantly, including citric acid cycle, arginine biosynthesis, glycerophospholipid metabolism.

Objective:To investigate the application value of self-pulling latter transection(SPLT)in esophagojeju-nal anastomosis during total laparoscopic total gastrectomy.Methods:From January 2021 to December 2023,80 pa-tients who underwent total laparoscopic total gastrectomy at the Department of General Surgery,Yancheng Third People's Hospital,were selected.Patients were grouped based on the intraoperative esophagojejunal anastomosis method:the SPLT group(35 cases,using SPLT esophagojejunostomy)and the Overlap group(45 cases,using esoph-agojejunal overlapping side-to-side anastomosis).Surgical related indicators,complication incidence,nutritional status,and quality of life assessment were compared between the two groups.Results:The time to first postoperative anal exhaust,the number of lymph nodes dissected,and the postoperative hospital stay were compared between the two groups(P＞0.05).The SPLT group had shorter operation time and esophagojejunal anastomosis time,and less intraopera-tive blood loss compared to the control group(P＜0.05).The incidence of postoperative complications in the SPLT group was 8.57%,and in the Overlap group was 11.11%,with no significant difference between the two groups(P＞0.05).The nutritional status at 6 months postoperatively in the SPLT group[Hb(116.97±10.94)g/L、ALB(39.74±1.29)g/L、PA(0.30±0.45)g/L]and Overlap group[Hb(119.78±12.84)g/L、ALB(39.64±1.42)g/L、PA(0.30±0.36)g/L]were compared(P＞0.05).The quality of life assessment(overall health status,functional domains,symptom domains)at 6 months postoperatively between the SPLT group and the Overlap group was compared(P＞0.05).Conclusion:The use of SPLT esophagojeju-nal anastomosis in total laparoscopic total gastrectomy can improve the surgical efficiency,achieve high anastomosis,and its medium and short-term safety is comparable to that of esophagojejunal overlap side-to-side anastomosis.

Objective:Analyze the risk factors for acute lung injury of postoperative acute lung injury(ALI)in patients with Stanford type A aortic dissection(STAAD),and construct a nomogram predictive model.Methods:A retrospective cohort study design was adopted.A total of 112 patients with STAAD who underwent surgical treatment in our hopital from January 2021 to August 2024 were included.They were divided into two groups according to the occurrence of ALI after the surgical:non-ALI group(73 cases)and ALI group(39 cases).Clinical data were collected from both groups of patients.The influencing factors of postoperative ALI in patients with STAAD were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression.Established nomogram prediction model based on influencing factors and validated.Results:Among 112 patients with STAAD who underwent surgical treatment,39 case postoperative ALI occurred,with an incidence rate of 34.82％.Age,preoperative creatinine,body mass index(BMI),preoperative white blood cell count,preoperative lactate and other aspects compared,The difference were statistically significant(P＜0.05).The length of stay in the intensive care unit(ICU)of the ALI group was longer than that of the non ALI group(P＜0.05).The intraoperative red blood cell transfusion volume and extracorporeal circulation time in the ALI group were higher than those in the non ALI group(P＜0.05).Long intraoperative cardiopulmonary bypass time,high BMI,high intraoperative red blood cell transfusion volume and high preoperative white blood cell count were risk factors for postoperative ALI(P＜0.05).The receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis results show that,the Area under the curve(AUC)of the nomogram prediction model was 0.871.When the optimal critical value was 0.472,its sensitivity and specificity wew 0.887 and 0.776,respectively.The internal validation results of Bootstrap show that,the C-index of the column chart prediction model was 0.862,with an absolute error of 0.032.The calibration curve is close to the ideal curve and the original curve,with a slope close to 1.Conclusions:Long intraoperative cardiopulmonary bypass time,high BMI,high intraoperative red blood cell transfusion volume and high preoperative white blood cell count are independent risk factors for postoperative ALI in patients with STAAD.The nomogram model constructed based on the above risk factors can effectively evaluate the risk of postoperative ALI in patients with STAAD.

BACKGROUND:A large number of studies have found that pyroptosis is closely related to the occurrence and development of motor system diseases,but there are few studies and reviews on pyroptosis in motor system diseases.OBJECTIVE:To review the current clinical and preclinical studies,summarize the role of pyroptosis in motor system diseases and related molecular mechanisms,and provide reference for the pyroptosis-targeted treatment for motor system diseases in the future.METHODS:The relevant literatures in PubMed and CNKI database were searched by computer from January 2000 to January 2024.The English search terms were"pyroptosis,tendons,ligaments,cartilage,muscles,bones"and the Chinese search terms were"pyroptosis,tendon,ligament,cartilage,skeletal muscle,bone"in Chinese.A combination of subject terms and free search terms was used.There were a total of 422 documents,including 334 in English and 88 in Chinese.After excluding duplicate literature and irrelevant literature,the literature without inclusion value was further excluded by reading the whole paper,and finally 78 documents were included for review and analysis.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Different pathways of pyroptosis and subsequent inflammatory responses can affect the progression of motor system diseases and the repair process of injuries.Excessive pyroptosis can not only cause a large number of tissue cells to die,but also aggravate tissue inflammation and degrade the extracellular matrix through substances such as inflammatory factors released after cell lysis,and damaging related molecular patterns can act as upstream signals to further aggravate pyroptosis.Current methods for preventing and treating motor system diseases mainly include NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain-associated protein 3 inhibitors,Chinese herbal extracts,exosome therapy,mesenchymal stem cell therapy,and exercise therapy.The review suggests that targeted intervention of some key factors in the process of pyroptosis may be a new direction for the treatment and prevention of motor system diseases.